gharris1727 commented on code in PR #15601:
URL: https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/15601#discussion_r1554016667


##########
streams/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/streams/state/internals/TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide.java:
##########
@@ -33,28 +34,36 @@
 public class TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K> {
     private final K key;
     private final long timestamp;
-    private final boolean leftSide;
+    private final JoinSide joinSide;
 
-    private TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide(final boolean leftSide, final K key, 
final long timestamp) {
+    private TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide(final JoinSide joinSide, final K key, 
final long timestamp) {
         this.key = Objects.requireNonNull(key, "key cannot be null");
-        this.leftSide = leftSide;
+        this.joinSide = joinSide;
         this.timestamp = timestamp;
     }
 
     /**
-     * Create a new {@link TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide} instance if the provide 
{@code key} is not {@code null}.
+     * Create a new {@link TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide} instance if the provided 
{@code key} is not {@code null}.
      *
-     * @param leftSide True if the key is part of the left join side; False if 
it is from the right join side
+     * @param joinSide Whether the key is part of the {@link JoinSide#LEFT} 
side; or it is from the {@link JoinSide#RIGHT} side
      * @param key      the key
      * @param <K>      the type of the key
-     * @return a new {@link TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide} instance if the provide 
{@code key} is not {@code null}
+     * @return a new {@link TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide} instance if the 
provided {@code key} is not {@code null}
      */
-    public static <K> TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K> make(final boolean 
leftSide, final K key, final long timestamp) {
-        return new TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<>(leftSide, key, timestamp);
+    public static <K> TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K> make(final JoinSide 
joinSide, final K key, final long timestamp) {

Review Comment:
   Since this is only used in tests now, I think you can remove this and 
replace the test call-sites with the new functions.
   
   Make sure to copy the javadoc to the new signatures too.



##########
streams/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/streams/kstream/internals/KStreamKStreamLeftJoin.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.KeyValue;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.ValueJoinerWithKey;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals.KStreamImplJoin.TimeTrackerSupplier;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.Processor;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.Record;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.KeyValueIterator;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.KeyValueStore;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.WindowStoreIterator;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.internals.LeftOrRightValue;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.internals.TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+class KStreamKStreamLeftJoin<K, V1, V2, VOut> extends KStreamKStreamJoin<K, 
V1, V2, VOut> {
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(KStreamKStreamJoin.class);
+
+    KStreamKStreamLeftJoin(final String otherWindowName,
+            final JoinWindowsInternal windows,
+            final ValueJoinerWithKey<? super K, ? super V1, ? super V2, ? 
extends VOut> joiner,
+            final boolean outer,
+            final Optional<String> outerJoinWindowName,
+            final TimeTrackerSupplier sharedTimeTrackerSupplier) {
+        super(otherWindowName, windows, windows.beforeMs, windows.afterMs, 
joiner, outerJoinWindowName,
+                sharedTimeTrackerSupplier, outer);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Processor<K, V1, K, VOut> get() {
+        return new KStreamKStreamLeftJoinProcessor();
+    }
+
+    private class KStreamKStreamLeftJoinProcessor extends 
KStreamKStreamJoinProcessor {
+        @Override
+        public void process(final Record<K, V1> leftRecord) {
+            final long inputRecordTimestamp = leftRecord.timestamp();
+            final long timeFrom = Math.max(0L, inputRecordTimestamp - 
joinBeforeMs);
+            final long timeTo = Math.max(0L, inputRecordTimestamp + 
joinAfterMs);
+            sharedTimeTracker.advanceStreamTime(inputRecordTimestamp);
+
+            if (outer && leftRecord.key() == null && leftRecord.value() != 
null) {
+                final VOut leftJoinValue = joiner.apply(leftRecord.key(), 
leftRecord.value(), null);
+                context().forward(leftRecord.withValue(leftJoinValue));
+                return;
+            } else if (StreamStreamJoinUtil.skipRecord(leftRecord, LOG, 
droppedRecordsSensor, context())) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // Emit all non-joined records which window has closed
+            if (inputRecordTimestamp == sharedTimeTracker.streamTime) {
+                leftOuterJoinStore.ifPresent(store -> 
emitNonJoinedOuterRecords(store, leftRecord));
+            }
+
+            boolean needOuterJoin = outer;
+            try (final WindowStoreIterator<V2> iter = 
otherWindowStore.fetch(leftRecord.key(), timeFrom, timeTo)) {
+                while (iter.hasNext()) {
+                    needOuterJoin = false;
+                    final KeyValue<Long, V2> rightRecord = iter.next();
+                    final long rightRecordTimestamp = rightRecord.key;
+
+                    leftOuterJoinStore.ifPresent(store -> {
+                        // use putIfAbsent to first read and see if there's 
any values for the key,
+                        // if yes delete the key, otherwise do not issue a put;
+                        // we may delete some values with the same key early 
but since we are going
+                        // range over all values of the same key even after 
failure, since the other window-store
+                        // is only cleaned up by stream time, so this is okay 
for at-least-once.
+                        final TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K> 
leftKeyWithRightRecordTimestamp =
+                                
TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide.makeRightSide(leftRecord.key(), rightRecordTimestamp);
+                        store.putIfAbsent(leftKeyWithRightRecordTimestamp, 
null);
+                    });
+
+                    final VOut joinResult = joiner.apply(leftRecord.key(), 
leftRecord.value(), rightRecord.value);
+                    context().forward(leftRecord.withValue(joinResult)
+                            .withTimestamp(Math.max(inputRecordTimestamp, 
rightRecordTimestamp)));
+                }
+
+                if (needOuterJoin) {
+                    // The maxStreamTime contains the max time observed in 
both sides of the join.
+                    // Having access to the time observed in the other join 
side fixes the following
+                    // problem:
+                    //
+                    // Say we have a window size of 5 seconds
+                    //  1. A non-joined record with time T10 is seen in the 
left-topic (maxLeftStreamTime: 10)
+                    //     The record is not processed yet, and is added to 
the outer-join store
+                    //  2. A non-joined record with time T2 is seen in the 
right-topic (maxRightStreamTime: 2)
+                    //     The record is not processed yet, and is added to 
the outer-join store
+                    //  3. A joined record with time T11 is seen in the 
left-topic (maxLeftStreamTime: 11)
+                    //     It is time to look at the expired records. T10 and 
T2 should be emitted, but
+                    //     because T2 was late, then it is not fetched by the 
window store, so it is not processed
+                    //
+                    // See KStreamKStreamLeftJoinTest.testLowerWindowBound() 
tests
+                    //
+                    // This condition below allows us to process the 
out-of-order records without the need
+                    // to hold it in the temporary outer store
+                    if (!leftOuterJoinStore.isPresent() || timeTo < 
sharedTimeTracker.streamTime) {
+                        final VOut leftJoinValue = 
joiner.apply(leftRecord.key(), leftRecord.value(), null);
+                        context().forward(leftRecord.withValue(leftJoinValue));
+                    } else {
+                        sharedTimeTracker.updatedMinTime(inputRecordTimestamp);
+                        leftOuterJoinStore.ifPresent(store -> {
+                            final TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K> leftKey =
+                                    
TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide.makeLeftSide(leftRecord.key(), inputRecordTimestamp);
+                            final LeftOrRightValue<V1, V2> leftValue = 
LeftOrRightValue.makeLeftValue(leftRecord.value());
+                            store.put(leftKey, leftValue);
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void emitNonJoinedOuterRecords(
+                final KeyValueStore<TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K>, 
LeftOrRightValue<V1, V2>> store,
+                final Record<K, V1> record) {
+
+            // calling `store.all()` creates an iterator what is an expensive 
operation on RocksDB;
+            // to reduce runtime cost, we try to avoid paying those cost
+
+            // only try to emit left/outer join results if there _might_ be 
any result records
+            if (sharedTimeTracker.minTime + joinAfterMs + joinGraceMs >= 
sharedTimeTracker.streamTime) {
+                return;
+            }
+            // throttle the emit frequency to a (configurable) interval;
+            // we use processing time to decouple from data properties,
+            // as throttling is a non-functional performance optimization
+            if (internalProcessorContext.currentSystemTimeMs() < 
sharedTimeTracker.nextTimeToEmit) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // Ensure `nextTimeToEmit` is synced with `currentSystemTimeMs`, 
if we dont set it everytime,
+            // they can get out of sync during a clock drift
+            sharedTimeTracker.nextTimeToEmit = 
internalProcessorContext.currentSystemTimeMs();
+            sharedTimeTracker.advanceNextTimeToEmit();
+
+            // reset to MAX_VALUE in case the store is empty
+            sharedTimeTracker.minTime = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+
+            try (final KeyValueIterator<TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K>, 
LeftOrRightValue<V1, V2>> it = store.all()) {
+                TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K> prevKey = null;
+
+                while (it.hasNext()) {
+                    final KeyValue<TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K>, 
LeftOrRightValue<V1, V2>> next = it.next();
+                    final TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K> 
timestampedKeyAndJoinSide = next.key;
+                    final LeftOrRightValue<V1, V2> value = next.value;
+                    final K key = timestampedKeyAndJoinSide.getKey();
+                    final long timestamp = 
timestampedKeyAndJoinSide.getTimestamp();
+                    sharedTimeTracker.minTime = timestamp;
+
+                    // Skip next records if window has not closed
+                    final long outerJoinLookBackTimeMs = 
getOuterJoinLookBackTimeMs(timestampedKeyAndJoinSide);
+                    if (sharedTimeTracker.minTime + outerJoinLookBackTimeMs + 
joinGraceMs
+                            >= sharedTimeTracker.streamTime) {
+                        continue; // there are possibly candidates left on the 
other outerJoin-side
+                    }
+
+                    final VOut nullJoinedValue = joiner.apply(key, 
value.getLeftValue(), value.getRightValue());

Review Comment:
   Pull this out into getNullJoinedValue like the other side.



##########
streams/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/streams/kstream/internals/KStreamKStreamLeftJoin.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.KeyValue;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.ValueJoinerWithKey;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals.KStreamImplJoin.TimeTrackerSupplier;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.Processor;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.Record;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.KeyValueIterator;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.KeyValueStore;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.WindowStoreIterator;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.internals.LeftOrRightValue;
+import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.internals.TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+class KStreamKStreamLeftJoin<K, V1, V2, VOut> extends KStreamKStreamJoin<K, 
V1, V2, VOut> {
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(KStreamKStreamJoin.class);
+
+    KStreamKStreamLeftJoin(final String otherWindowName,
+            final JoinWindowsInternal windows,
+            final ValueJoinerWithKey<? super K, ? super V1, ? super V2, ? 
extends VOut> joiner,
+            final boolean outer,
+            final Optional<String> outerJoinWindowName,
+            final TimeTrackerSupplier sharedTimeTrackerSupplier) {
+        super(otherWindowName, windows, windows.beforeMs, windows.afterMs, 
joiner, outerJoinWindowName,

Review Comment:
   I like this constructor refactor for the windows.beforeMs and the 
windows.afterMs! :+1+



##########
streams/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/streams/kstream/internals/KStreamKStreamJoin.java:
##########
@@ -16,276 +16,98 @@
  */
 package org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals;
 
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.streams.StreamsConfig.InternalConfig.EMIT_INTERVAL_MS_KSTREAMS_OUTER_JOIN_SPURIOUS_RESULTS_FIX;
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.internals.metrics.TaskMetrics.droppedRecordsSensor;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
 import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.Sensor;
-import org.apache.kafka.streams.KeyValue;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.StreamsConfig;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.ValueJoinerWithKey;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals.KStreamImplJoin.TimeTracker;
 import 
org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.internals.KStreamImplJoin.TimeTrackerSupplier;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.ContextualProcessor;
-import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.Processor;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.ProcessorContext;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.ProcessorSupplier;
-import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.api.Record;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.internals.InternalProcessorContext;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.internals.metrics.StreamsMetricsImpl;
-import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.KeyValueIterator;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.KeyValueStore;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.WindowStore;
-import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.WindowStoreIterator;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.internals.LeftOrRightValue;
 import org.apache.kafka.streams.state.internals.TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
-
-import java.util.Optional;
-
-import static 
org.apache.kafka.streams.StreamsConfig.InternalConfig.EMIT_INTERVAL_MS_KSTREAMS_OUTER_JOIN_SPURIOUS_RESULTS_FIX;
-import static 
org.apache.kafka.streams.processor.internals.metrics.TaskMetrics.droppedRecordsSensor;
-
-class KStreamKStreamJoin<K, V1, V2, VOut> implements ProcessorSupplier<K, V1, 
K, VOut> {
-    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(KStreamKStreamJoin.class);
 
+abstract class KStreamKStreamJoin<K, V1, V2, VOut> implements 
ProcessorSupplier<K, V1, K, VOut> {
+    protected final ValueJoinerWithKey<? super K, ? super V1, ? super V2, ? 
extends VOut> joiner;
+    protected final long joinGraceMs;
+    protected final boolean outer;
+    protected final long joinBeforeMs;
+    protected final long joinAfterMs;
     private final String otherWindowName;
-    private final long joinBeforeMs;
-    private final long joinAfterMs;
-    private final long joinGraceMs;
     private final boolean enableSpuriousResultFix;
     private final long windowsBeforeMs;
     private final long windowsAfterMs;
-
-    private final boolean outer;
-    private final boolean isLeftSide;
     private final Optional<String> outerJoinWindowName;
-    private final ValueJoinerWithKey<? super K, ? super V1, ? super V2, ? 
extends VOut> joiner;
 
     private final TimeTrackerSupplier sharedTimeTrackerSupplier;
 
-    KStreamKStreamJoin(final boolean isLeftSide,
-                       final String otherWindowName,
-                       final JoinWindowsInternal windows,
-                       final ValueJoinerWithKey<? super K, ? super V1, ? super 
V2, ? extends VOut> joiner,
-                       final boolean outer,
-                       final Optional<String> outerJoinWindowName,
-                       final TimeTrackerSupplier sharedTimeTrackerSupplier) {
-        this.isLeftSide = isLeftSide;
+    KStreamKStreamJoin(final String otherWindowName,
+            final JoinWindowsInternal windows,
+            final long joinBeforeMs,
+            final long joinAfterMs,
+            final ValueJoinerWithKey<? super K, ? super V1, ? super V2, ? 
extends VOut> joiner,
+            final Optional<String> outerJoinWindowName,
+            final TimeTrackerSupplier sharedTimeTrackerSupplier,
+            final boolean outer) {
         this.otherWindowName = otherWindowName;
-        if (isLeftSide) {
-            this.joinBeforeMs = windows.beforeMs;
-            this.joinAfterMs = windows.afterMs;
-        } else {
-            this.joinBeforeMs = windows.afterMs;
-            this.joinAfterMs = windows.beforeMs;
-        }
         this.windowsAfterMs = windows.afterMs;
         this.windowsBeforeMs = windows.beforeMs;
-        this.joinGraceMs = windows.gracePeriodMs();
+        this.joinBeforeMs = joinBeforeMs;
+        this.joinAfterMs = joinAfterMs;
         this.enableSpuriousResultFix = windows.spuriousResultFixEnabled();
         this.joiner = joiner;
-        this.outer = outer;
+        this.joinGraceMs = windows.gracePeriodMs();
         this.outerJoinWindowName = outerJoinWindowName;
         this.sharedTimeTrackerSupplier = sharedTimeTrackerSupplier;
+        this.outer = outer;
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public Processor<K, V1, K, VOut> get() {
-        return new KStreamKStreamJoinProcessor();
-    }
-
-    private class KStreamKStreamJoinProcessor extends ContextualProcessor<K, 
V1, K, VOut> {
-        private WindowStore<K, V2> otherWindowStore;
-        private Sensor droppedRecordsSensor;
-        private Optional<KeyValueStore<TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K>, 
LeftOrRightValue<V1, V2>>> outerJoinStore = Optional.empty();
-        private InternalProcessorContext<K, VOut> internalProcessorContext;
-        private TimeTracker sharedTimeTracker;
+    protected abstract class KStreamKStreamJoinProcessor extends 
ContextualProcessor<K, V1, K, VOut> {
+        protected WindowStore<K, V2> otherWindowStore;
+        protected Sensor droppedRecordsSensor;
+        protected Optional<KeyValueStore<TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K>, 
LeftOrRightValue<V1, V2>>> leftOuterJoinStore =
+                Optional.empty();
+        protected Optional<KeyValueStore<TimestampedKeyAndJoinSide<K>, 
LeftOrRightValue<V2, V1>>> rightOuterJoinStore =
+                Optional.empty();

Review Comment:
   The left store is only used by the Left class, and the right store is only 
used by the Right class. These can be combined into a single outerJoinStore, 
and the KStreamKStreamJoinProcessor can take generic arguments <Va, Vb> that 
determine the types in the joinStore signature.
   
   The LeftJoinProcessor can then set Va=V1 and Vb=V2, while the 
RightJoinProcessor sets Va=V2 and Vb=V1.
   



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