* Libertas <liber...@mykolab.com> [2015-01-02 06:25]:
> I've tuned PF parameters in the past, but it doesn't seem to be the
> issue. My current pfctl and netstat -m outputs suggest that there are
> more than enough available resources and no reported failures.

just a sidenote, it is safe to bump the default state limit, very far
even on anything semi-modern. the default limit of 10k states is good
for workstations and the like or tiny embedded-style deployments. I've
gone up to 2M, things get a bit slow if your state table really is
that big but everything keeps working.

> I remember someone on tor-...@list.nycbug.org suggesting that it could
> be at least partially due to PF being slower than other OS's firewalls.

I feel offended :)
Pretty certainly not.

> However, we're now finding that a profusion of gettimeofday() syscalls
> may be the issue. It was independently discovered by the operator of
> IPredator, the highest-bandwidth Tor relay:
> 
>       https://ipredator.se/guide/torserver#performance
> 
> My 800 KB/s exit node had up to 7,000 gettimeofday() calls a second,
> along with hundreds of clock_gettime() calls.

those aren't all that cheap...

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