Re: [ccp4bb] Phenix version 1.6.1 released

2010-03-31 Thread Dirk Kostrewa

Dear Paul,

this is very interesting! From the list of changes, it appears that in 
version 1.6.1, you use a similar idea to implement hydrogen bonds via 
DSSP during refinement that I used to stabilize the 4.3 A refinement of 
Pol II in complex with TFIIB [1]:


CHANGE LOG for PHENIX distribution
==

Version 1.6.1
=
snip
- phenix.refine
  - much faster rotamer fixing
  - initial implementation of secondary structure restraints (hydrogen 
bonds)

- automatic assignment of sec. str. using KSDSSP (from UCSF CGL)
  - proper treatment of charges on metal ions for scattering factors
/snip

Could you please give more details of how this is implemented? What are 
your hydrogen bond target distances and sigmas? Do you update this list 
during refinement?
I used a simple list of additional 2.9 A target-bond-distances between 
N and O with a target sigma of 0.05 A. This list was determined with 
DSSP and a self-made Fortran95 program using a user-defined 
energy-threshold prior to refinement and was kept constant during 
refinement.


Personally, I think, using secondary structure hydrogen bonds should be 
an option in every refinement program, especially at lower resolution!!! 
The BUSTER Wiki describes the procedure that I used. For REFMAC, I 
haven't seen anything similar, yet.


Very exciting!

Best regards,

Dirk.

[1] Nature 462, 323-330, (2009)

Am 31.03.10 04:41, schrieb Paul Adams:
The Phenix developers are pleased to announce that version 1.6.1 of 
Phenix is now available. Binary installers for Linux, and Mac OSX 
platforms are available at the download site:


http://phenix-online.org/download/

Just some of the new features in this version (1.6.1) are:

- Fast automated rotamer fixing in phenix.refine
- Use of atomic charge in calculation of scattering factors
- New Graphical User Interfaces for phenix.superpose_pdbs, 
phenix.get_cc_mtz_mtz,

  phenix.get_cc_mtz_pdb, and phenix.fmodel
- Consolidated validation tool in GUI
- New map calculation tool, phenix.maps (also used in GUI)
- Rapid loading of structures in GUI selection editor
- Improved geometry restraints to maintain amino acid rotameric states
- Alpha version of secondary structure restraints
- Automated secondary structure analysis with KSDSSP (code from UCSF CGL)

For a full list of changes see:

http://www.phenix-online.org/documentation/CHANGES

Please note that there is a new publication that should be used to 
cite use of Phenix:


PHENIX: a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular 
structure solution. P. D. Adams, P. V. Afonine, G. Bunkóczi, V. B. 
Chen, I. W. Davis, N. Echols, J. J. Headd, L.-W. Hung, G. J. Kapral, 
R. W. Grosse-Kunstleve, A. J. McCoy, N. W. Moriarty, R. Oeffner, R. J. 
Read, D. C. Richardson, J. S. Richardson, T. C. Terwilliger and P. H. 
Zwart. Acta Cryst. D66, 213-221 (2010).


Full documentation is available here:

http://www.phenix-online.org/documentation/

There is a Phenix bulletin board:

http://www.phenix-online.org/mailman/listinfo/phenixbb/

Please consult the installer README file or online documentation for
installation instructions.

Direct questions and problem reports to the bulletin board or:

h...@phenix-online.org and b...@phenix-online.org

Commercial users interested in obtaining access to Phenix should visit 
the

Phenix website for information about the Phenix Industrial Consortium.

The development of Phenix is principally funded by the National 
Institute of
General Medical Sciences (NIH) under grant P01-GM063210. We also 
acknowledge

the generous support of the members of the Phenix Industrial Consortium.



--

***
Dirk Kostrewa
Gene Center, A 5.07
Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25
81377 Munich
Germany
Phone:  +49-89-2180-76845
Fax:+49-89-2180-76999
E-mail: kostr...@genzentrum.lmu.de
WWW:www.genzentrum.lmu.de
***


[ccp4bb] Postdoctoral position at Washington University in St. Louis

2010-03-31 Thread Brett, Thomas
POSTDOCTORAL POSITION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, ST. LOUIS MO

An NIH-funded Postdoctoral position is immediately available to study the 
structure and function of proteins involved in obstructive pulmonary diseases 
(asthma and COPD). These proteins represent key therapeutic targets for the 
treatment of asthma and COPD. This work will be done in collaboration with 
individuals in the Pulmonary Division.

Our lab is located in the Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary Division) 
and has state-of-the-art equipment for protein expression and purification as 
well as direct access to crystallization robotics in addition to 
instrumentation for protein characterization (CD, MALS, AUC) and probing 
protein-protein interactions (ITC, SPR). Instrumentation for in-house X-ray 
data collection is available, and we have frequent access to synchrotron sites 
(either directly or via remote data collection). Excellent computation 
facilities are available.

Enthusiastic and self-motivated individuals with (or expecting) a PhD in 
Biochemistry or a related discipline are encouraged to apply. The ideal 
candidate will have extensive experience in all aspects of protein expression, 
purification, characterization and crystallization. Experience in X-ray 
crystallography and the use of biophysical methods to characterize 
protein-protein interactions as well as cell-binding assays would be 
advantageous but not required as training can be provided. Must have a strong 
interest in the biology of human diseases. This is an excellent position for a 
structural biologist wanting to learn more about chronic inflammatory diseases 
or (vice versa) an individual with experience in inflammatory disease research 
wanting to learn structural biology. Excellent oral and written communication 
skills are required.  

Interested candidates are encouraged to apply or inquire by submitting (via 
email) a curriculum vitae (including a summary of research experience and 
interests, and contact information for 2-3 references) to Tom J. Brett:

tbr...@wustl.edu

http://brettlab.dom.wustl.edu/

Contact Info:
Tom J. Brett, PhD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Washington University School of Medicine
Campus Box 8052, 660 S. Euclid
Saint Louis, MO 63110


[ccp4bb] Staff Scientist Position in Structural Biology in Vienna

2010-03-31 Thread Kristina Djinovic Carugo
Staff scientist position is available in the research group of Kristina 
Djinovic-Carugo in the Department for Structural and Computational 
Biology, Max. F. Perutz Laboratories at the University of Vienna, 
Austria. Areas of the group research include structural biology of 
F-actin based cytoskeleton, metallo-enzymes involved in protection from 
oxidative damage and X-ray induced radiation damage.


The Department for Structural and Computational Biology is equipped with 
state of the art instrumentation/facilities to carry out all steps from 
cloning, protein expression and purification, to X-ray diffraction, 
biomolecular NMR, as well as for a series of biophysical and optical 
spectroscopy techniques. The group has in addition access to major 
European synchrotron high brilliance X-ray sources.


The successful candidate will help coordinate and support structural 
biology research in Djinovic-Carugo group, will assist in the training 
and supervision of undergraduate, graduate students and postdocs and 
will have responsibilities in lab management (equipment maintenance, 
safety) with help of a technical assistant. The staff scientist will be 
involved in (but not limited to) conducting laboratory experiments 
related to all aspects and steps from sample preparation and 
characterisation to crystal growth, X-ray diffraction, structure 
solution, analysis and interpretation of scientific data, collaboration 
with other scientists and dissemination at external events. S/he will be 
able to develop her/his own project in the field of structural biology 
of cytoskeleton.


*Qualifications and experience: *a Ph.D. in biochemistry, molecular 
biology, physics, chemistry or a related field is required. Minimum 4-5 
years post-doctoral experience in molecular biology, protein expression 
in prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems, purification, 
crystallisation with robotics and macromolecular crystallography is a 
must. Hands-on experience with biophysical techniques and complementary 
structural biology methods (e.g. ITC, DLS, SLS, differential scanning 
fluorimetry, small angle scattering, FRET, BiFC) will be considered an 
advantage. Good communication skills, organizational ability, project 
management experience and capacity to interact with other researchers 
are essential.


*Contract*: A 6 year contract will be offered to the successful candidate.

*Starting date: *1^st October 2010

*Closing date: *30^th April 2010

* *

*Interviews planned for*: end of May - beginning of June 2010.

*Further information* can be obtained from Kristina Djinovic-Carugo 
kristina.djino...@univie.ac.at ; tel.: + 43 1 4277 52203


*To apply* for this position, please:

i) E-mail a detailed CV with concise description of research experience, 
letter of motivation and contact information of three  professional 
references to: karin.pfeif...@univie.ac.at 
mailto:karin.pfeif...@univie.ac.at,


Subject: Application for Staff Scientist Position.

***AND*** *

ii) Send the application to Univ. Vienna Jobcenter by:

a. Registering to Univ. Vienna Jobcenter:

i. http://jobcenter.univie.ac.at/sitemap40054/?L=2

*/ ii. /**Registering for the first time* 
https://univis.univie.ac.at/ebewerber/flow/?_flowExecutionKey=_c5FF18670-23BA-6B60-B657-2E519CCA90F9_k0F33BB5C-3340-B9E6-5E8C-A3E5AE5AD2C6*//*


*/b. /*Submitting the application following the link and instructions at 
Jobcenter of the Univ. of Vienna, referring */to Job ref number: 1068./*


i. *Log in* 
https://univis.univie.ac.at/ebewerber/flow/bew_bewerber-flow?_flowExecutionKey=_c814E228F-81C6-4BC4-AB43-A0F10B1A5846_k85E3CFA4-A274-C834-D1C1-72868BD09589 
(for external applicants - Registering has to be done)


--

**
Department for Structural and Computational Biology
Max F. Perutz Laboratories
University of Vienna
Campus Vienna Biocenter 5
A-1030 Vienna
Austria

e-mail: kristina.djino...@univie.ac.at
Phone: +43-1-4277-52203/52201
Mobile: +43-664-602 77-522 03
Fax: +43-1-4277-9522





[ccp4bb] question about the zinc binding protein

2010-03-31 Thread dengzq1987
hello everyone, recently i purify  a protein conteining zinc binding domain,and 
i want to determine its structure.i get the crystal,but poor diffraction.so i 
try to adding zinc into the protein to optimize the crystal,but the protein 
precipitate immidiately  even the znic is 1 mM.BTW,we use the protein to do 
zinc scan,we don't find the zinc. does anyone have some advice?

2010-03-31 



dengzq1987 


[ccp4bb] question about zinc binding protein

2010-03-31 Thread zq deng
hello everyone, recently i purify  a protein conteining zinc binding
domain,and i want to determine its structure.i get the crystal,but poor
diffraction.so i try to adding zinc into the protein to optimize the
crystal,but the protein precipitate immidiately  even the znic is 1
mM.BTW,we use the protein to do zinc scan,we don't find the zinc. does
anyone have some advice?hello everyone, recently i purify  a protein
conteining zinc binding domain,and i want to determine its structure.i get
the crystal,but poor diffraction.so i try to adding zinc into the protein to
optimize the crystal,but the protein precipitate immidiately  even the znic
is 1 mM.BTW,we use the protein to do zinc scan,we don't find the zinc. does
anyone have some advice?


Re: [ccp4bb] Phenix version 1.6.1 released

2010-03-31 Thread Pavel Afonine

Hi Dirk,

this is very interesting! From the list of changes, it appears that in 
version 1.6.1, you use a similar idea to implement hydrogen bonds via 
DSSP during refinement that I used to stabilize the 4.3 A refinement 
of Pol II in complex with TFIIB [1]:

(...)
Could you please give more details of how this is implemented? What 
are your hydrogen bond target distances and sigmas? Do you update this 
list during refinement?


In phenix.refine documentation:

http://www.phenix-online.org/documentation/refinement.htm

look towards the bottom of the page for secondary_structure. All the 
parameters are defined there. If you still have any questions, please 
let Nat or me know (Nat added this option so he may provide with more 
details).
The documentation for secondary structure restraints is still missing, 
sorry. Hopefully Nat adds it soon.


Pavel.


Re: [ccp4bb] secondary structure restraints [was: Phenix version 1.6.1 released]

2010-03-31 Thread Nathaniel Echols
On Wed, Mar 31, 2010 at 8:47 AM, Dirk Kostrewa
kostr...@genzentrum.lmu.dewrote:

 this is very interesting! From the list of changes, it appears that in
 version 1.6.1, you use a similar idea to implement hydrogen bonds via DSSP
 during refinement that I used to stabilize the 4.3 A refinement of Pol II in
 complex with TFIIB [1]:
 . . .
 Could you please give more details of how this is implemented? What are
 your hydrogen bond target distances and sigmas? Do you update this list
 during refinement?


We're still testing this method (thus alpha version in Paul's email); my
initial experiments indicate that it may improve R-free by up to 0.5% at
moderate resolution, and generally keeps R-work and R-free closer than would
otherwise be the case.  It can also make R-free worse, although I think this
happens less frequently.  I had expected this to be resolution-dependent,
but I tried it on partially built structures at either 2.25A and 3.1A and
the results looked similar.  Part of the problem is deciding how to filter
outliers; the default behavior is to throw out any bonds greater than a
specified threshold (e.g. 2.5A for H-O).  KSDSSP (UCSF's free clone) has
some quirks with respect to helix assignment which result in incorrect
bonding if you take the results as-is without filtering.  However, for poor
models at low resolution, leaving the outliers in may be essential.

All of the restraint parameters are adjustable, but I found that 1.975A for
H-O was appropriate, and I left the sigma at 0.05 but 0.02 is sometimes
better.  We don't update the bonds during refinement, but I suppose we could
- haven't done enough testing yet to know whether this is helpful.

I used a simple list of additional 2.9 A target-bond-distances between N
 and O with a target sigma of 0.05 A. This list was determined with DSSP and
 a self-made Fortran95 program using a user-defined energy-threshold prior
 to refinement and was kept constant during refinement.


Currently PHENIX uses a 3.0A distance for N-O (sigma also 0.05), but that
wasn't rigorously derived.

My gut feeling is that N-O bonds are problematic, partly because the
distribution of distances (in the Richardson lab's Top500 database) appears
to be bimodal - I think this results from the difference between parallel
and anti-parallel sheets.  We probably need to account for this when
calculating the bonds.  I also found that the restraints usually improved
R-free more when hydrogens were used, but I haven't tried anything close to
a 4.3A structure yet.  At that resolution, anything that keeps the helices
wound probably helps.

I hadn't realized that you used similar restraints in the PolII/TFIIB paper
- I'd be interested in knowing more about this, since I haven't found many
useful references so far.  (I couldn't find the page on the BUSTER wiki, by
the way.)

Personally, I think, using secondary structure hydrogen bonds should be an
 option in every refinement program, especially at lower resolution!!! The
 BUSTER Wiki describes the procedure that I used. For REFMAC, I haven't seen
 anything similar, yet.


If you don't mind using PHENIX for this:

phenix.secondary_structure_restraints model.pdb format=refmac

I haven't made it as far as testing the output with REFMAC, but it's there
if anyone wants to try.  FYI, the program is still clumsy about switching to
N-O bonds when hydrogens are absent, so the argument
h_bond_restraints.substitute_n_for_h=True may be necessary.

-Nat


Re: [ccp4bb] question about zinc binding protein

2010-03-31 Thread Enrico Stura

Not strange at all:

Reading from:

http://www.chem.gla.ac.uk/research/groups/protein/mirror/stura/cryst/add.html

Zinc acetate or sulfate   0.2-5mM It inevitably reduces protein solubility.
It can act as an inhibitor. Essential for activity of various enzymes

Zinc reduces protein solubility and often aggregates proteins. In a case
of a zinc binding protein you may need to add 100-200 mM imidazole to
control even 0.2mM concentrations of this ion.
Without good control, you will end up by depleating the zinc within the  
precipitate

and end up without zinc in your binding site.

This is what you got.

Enrico.

On Wed, 31 Mar 2010 18:11:46 +0200, zq deng dengzq1...@gmail.com wrote:


hello everyone, recently i purify  a protein conteining zinc binding
domain,and i want to determine its structure.i get the crystal,but poor
diffraction.so i try to adding zinc into the protein to optimize the
crystal,but the protein precipitate immidiately  even the znic is 1
mM.BTW,we use the protein to do zinc scan,we don't find the zinc. does
anyone have some advice?hello everyone, recently i purify  a protein
conteining zinc binding domain,and i want to determine its structure.i  
get
the crystal,but poor diffraction.so i try to adding zinc into the  
protein to
optimize the crystal,but the protein precipitate immidiately  even the  
znic
is 1 mM.BTW,we use the protein to do zinc scan,we don't find the zinc.  
does

anyone have some advice?



--
Enrico A. Stura D.Phil. (Oxon) ,Tel: 33 (0)1 69 08 4302 Office
Room 19, Bat.152,  Tel: 33 (0)1 69 08 9449  Lab
LTMB, SIMOPRO, IBiTec-S, CEA Saclay,  91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
Cedex FRANCE  http://www-dsv.cea.fr/en/ibitecs/82
http://www.chem.gla.ac.uk/protein/mirror/stura/index2.html
e-mail: est...@cea.fr Fax: 33 (0)1 69 08 90 71


[ccp4bb] B factor Coloring in Pymol

2010-03-31 Thread Clayton, Gina Martyn
 
Dear Everyone

Slightly off topic... 

I am trying to colour a structure by B factor in Pymol. More
specifically I am colouring conserved residues (value in b factor). I
want to use 4 colours - say white, yellow, orange, red.  However it
seems that Pymol now only allows 3 colours to be used - I tried the
script from the Wiki site, but Pymol will not accept the 4 rgb colours.
Does anyone have an idea how I can colour with 4 colours (but not
rainbow too confusing).


Thanks in advance for any help

Best
Gina
 
Notice:  This e-mail message, together with any attachments, contains 
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Re: [ccp4bb] B factor Coloring in Pymol

2010-03-31 Thread Clayton, Gina Martyn
Hi Ron

Mmmm...

not really but thanks for the info:)

I have my Bfactor column assigned in percent conservation so the B value
ranges from 
say 30% to 100%. I want to colour my molecule accordingly. Pymol allows
B factor 
colouring but seems only to allow 3 colour choices. It used to allow 4
colour choices say WYOR
I was wondering if any one had an idea how I could trick Pymol into
accepting say 4 colours.

Sorry if I was not clearer in the previous.

Thanks again advance.
Gina


-Original Message-
From: CCP4 bulletin board [mailto:ccp...@jiscmail.ac.uk] On Behalf Of
Rob Nicholls
Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2010 3:14 PM
To: CCP4BB@JISCMAIL.AC.UK
Subject: Re: [ccp4bb] B factor Coloring in Pymol

Hi,

I'm aware of two ways to do this:

by writing the colour as a word, e.g:
color white, (mypdbfile//A/*/*)
which will colour a whole chain.

Or by using rgb colours, e.g:
set_color newcolor0 = [1,1,1]; color newcolor0, (mypdbfile//A/2/*)
which will colour individual residues (residue 2 in this case)

Pymol should accept a script containing such lines.

Hope that helps,
Rob


On 31 Mar 2010, at 15:00, Clayton, Gina Martyn wrote:


 Dear Everyone

 Slightly off topic...

 I am trying to colour a structure by B factor in Pymol. More
 specifically I am colouring conserved residues (value in b factor). I
 want to use 4 colours - say white, yellow, orange, red.  However it
 seems that Pymol now only allows 3 colours to be used - I tried the
 script from the Wiki site, but Pymol will not accept the 4 rgb  
 colours.
 Does anyone have an idea how I can colour with 4 colours (but not
 rainbow too confusing).


 Thanks in advance for any help

 Best
 Gina

 Notice:  This e-mail message, together with any attachments,  
 contains information of Merck  Co., Inc. (One Merck Drive,  
 Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, USA 08889), and/or its affiliates  
 Direct contact information for affiliates is available at
http://www.merck.com/contact/contacts.html) 
  that may be confidential, proprietary copyrighted and/or legally  
 privileged. It is intended solely for the use of the individual or  
 entity named on this message. If you are not the intended recipient,  
 and have received this message in error, please notify us  
 immediately by reply e-mail and then delete it from your system.
Notice:  This e-mail message, together with any attachments, contains 
information of Merck  Co., Inc. (One Merck Drive, Whitehouse Station, New 
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Re: [ccp4bb] B factor Coloring in Pymol

2010-03-31 Thread Clayton, Gina Martyn
Hi Robert

That seems like a great suggestion! I will give it a shot and let CCP4BB
know if it works


Thanks
Gina
 

-Original Message-
From: CCP4 bulletin board [mailto:ccp...@jiscmail.ac.uk] On Behalf Of
Robert Campbell
Sent: Wednesday, March 31, 2010 4:29 PM
To: CCP4BB@JISCMAIL.AC.UK
Subject: Re: [ccp4bb] B factor Coloring in Pymol

Hi Gina,

On Wed, 31 Mar 2010 15:00:34 -0400 Clayton, Gina Martyn
gina_clay...@merck.com wrote:

 I am trying to colour a structure by B factor in Pymol. More
 specifically I am colouring conserved residues (value in b factor). I
 want to use 4 colours - say white, yellow, orange, red.  However it
 seems that Pymol now only allows 3 colours to be used - I tried the
 script from the Wiki site, but Pymol will not accept the 4 rgb
colours.
 Does anyone have an idea how I can colour with 4 colours (but not
 rainbow too confusing).

Say, your b-factor values range from 0-10, and your object is called
protein, then you could do:

color white, protein
color yellow, protein  b  2.5
color orange, protein  b  5.0
color red, protein  b  7.5

If you want to automate that process, then you need to write a script
that
determines, the b-factor limits for the 4 colours based on the b-factors
present in your structure.

Cheers,
Rob
-- 
Robert L. Campbell, Ph.D.
Senior Research Associate/Adjunct Assistant Professor 
Botterell Hall Rm 644
Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, 
Kingston, ON K7L 3N6  Canada
Tel: 613-533-6821Fax: 613-533-2497
robert.campb...@queensu.ca
http://pldserver1.biochem.queensu.ca/~rlc
Notice:  This e-mail message, together with any attachments, contains 
information of Merck  Co., Inc. (One Merck Drive, Whitehouse Station, New 
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affiliates is available at http://www.merck.com/contact/contacts.html) that may 
be confidential, proprietary copyrighted and/or legally privileged. It is 
intended solely for the use of the individual or entity named on this message. 
If you are not the intended recipient, and have received this message in error, 
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[ccp4bb] Crystals Soaking in Divalent metals salts.

2010-03-31 Thread Muhammed bashir Khan
Dear all;

I am working with protein which are supposed to be bound with Magnesium 
and Cobalt metals.I have now its crystals which are diffracting quite
nicely.I want to know the Magnesium and Cobalt binding residues in the
target protein.  When I add magnesium or Cobalt salts to protein  solution
even 1mM about 50 percent of the protein precipitated out. When I soaked
the crystals in about 10mM of the metals salt it lose diffraction. I
varied the soaking time and the metal salt concentration,and even the
types of metals salts as well but its seems that it does n,t work.

Any idea would be highly appreciated.

Bashir



-- 
Muhammad Bashir Khan
Department for Biomolecular Structural Chemistry
Max F. Perutz Laboratories
University of Vienna
Campus Vienna Biocenter 5
A-1030 Vienna
Austria

Phone: +43(1)427752224
Fax: +43(1)42779522


Re: [ccp4bb] Crystals Soaking in Divalent metals salts.

2010-03-31 Thread Nathaniel Echols
On Wed, Mar 31, 2010 at 5:57 PM, Muhammed bashir Khan 
muhammad.bashir.k...@univie.ac.at wrote:

 I am working with protein which are supposed to be bound with Magnesium
 and Cobalt metals.I have now its crystals which are diffracting quite
 nicely.I want to know the Magnesium and Cobalt binding residues in the
 target protein.  When I add magnesium or Cobalt salts to protein  solution
 even 1mM about 50 percent of the protein precipitated out.


Sometimes this doesn't matter.  I used to work with a protein that partially
precipitated when I added 2mM manganese (the physiological metal ion), but I
just spun down the solution at top speed in a microcentrifuge and continued.
 The purification yield was always high enough that I still had plenty left
for trays (and if you have a Mosquito robot or the equivalent, just 8
microliters is enough), and whatever stayed in solution was still easy to
crystallize.  You might need to re-concentrate, however.

An alternate solution would be to co-purify with 1mM magnesium in all
buffers (may or may not work, but it can't hurt to try).  I don't know
whether this is feasible using cobalt - are the metals interchangeable, or
does your protein really bind two distinct sets of ions?  Cobalt has the
advantage of being much larger than water and has an easily measurable
anomalous signal, but magnesium is usually obvious from the coordination
geometry (and in my experience it tends to have a much lower B-factor too),
and usually gentler towards proteins.

-Nat