Mbak Debby, Saya carikan dari drkoop. Semoga berguna. Sebagai tambahan, untuk kaum ibu yang akan atau sedang hamil, pemeriksaan TORCH sangat membantu mengetahui kemungkinan terkena, dan jika positif maka minta nasehat dokter untuk menyiapkan rencana kelahiran, karena untuk herpes genitalis tidak dianjurkan untuk lahir normal tapi melalui operasi caesar. Mamanya Dafi. --- Debby <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Dear netters, > > Saya ingin mengetahui ttg penyakit Herpes, mengenai > penyebabnya, dan alternatif penyembuhannya, kalau > ada yg punya artikel tolong disharing yah... > terimakasih atas perhatiannya > > salam > debby Herpes Causes and Risks: Genital herpes is caused by two viruses known as herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Although seen predominantly in oral herpes , HSV-1 is responsible for approximately 5% to 10% of genital herpes. Both viruses can be transmitted by sexual contact. Cross-infection of type 1 and 2 viruses is thought to occur during oral-genital sex. HSV-1, the virus responsible for common cold sores, can be transmitted through oral secretions during kissing, and by eating and drinking from contaminated utensils. Initial oral herpes infection usually occurs in childhood and is not classified as a sexually-transmitted disease. While statistics vary, research shows that 85% of adults have been exposed to HSV-1 (oral herpes) and 25% of the population in the United States has been exposed to infection with HSV-2 (genital herpes). 1 An stimated 86 million people worldwide are thought to have genital herpes. 2 For people with no prior contact with HSV 1 or 2, the initial infection is characterized by systemic (whole body) as well as local symptoms and signs. Systemic symptoms include fever , malaise , generalized achiness (myalgia ), and decreased appetite . Localized symptoms are described in the symptoms section of this article. Since the virus is transmitted by virus-containing secretions from the oral or genital mucosa , the primary lesion is at the primary site of infection. Common sites of infection include the shaft and head of the penis , scrotum , inner thighs, and anus in men; and the labia, vagina , cervix , anus, and inner thighs in women. The mouth can also be a site of infection in both sexes. Prior to the appearance of blisters , the infected individual can experience increased skin sensitivity, tingling , burning, or pain at the site where the blisters will appear. The skin becomes reddened and multiple small blisters (vesicles ) filled with a clear straw-colored fluid appear. The blisters break leaving shallow painful ulcers which eventually crust over and slowly heal over a period of 7 to 14 days. The outbreak may be accompanied by enlargement and tenderness of the lymph nodes in the groin or inguinal fold. Women may develop vaginal discharge and painful urination (dysuria). Men may have dysuria if the lesion is near the opening of the urethra (meatus). Once a person is infected, the virus finds a hiding place within nerve cellswhere antibodies , the body's normal infection fighters, cannot reach. Within the nerve cells the virus may remain dormant, a period called "latency", for an extended period of time then suddenly the infection becomes reactivated and the individual has another attack of pain and blistering . Recurrent attacks may be rare, occurring only once per year or so frequent that the symptoms seem continuous. Recurrent attacks may be triggered by many things including mechanical irritation, menses, fatigue , and sunburn . Recurrent infections in men are generally milder and of shorter duration than those experienced by women. Research suggests that the virus can be transmitted even in the absence of clinical disease, so that a sex partner without obvious genital herpes may still transmit the illness. Asymptomatic spread may actually contribute more to the spread of genital herpes than does active disease. The herpes virus is of special significance to women for several reasons. It has been implicated in causing cancer of the cervix , especially when it is present in combination with Human papilloma virus (HPV) , the virus responsible for genital warts (condyloma). For the pregnant women, the presence of either HSV-1 or HSV-2 on the genitalia or in the birth canal is a threat to the infant. Infection in the newborn infant can lead to herpetic meningitis , herpetic viremia, chronic skin infection and even death. The herpes infection also poses a serious problem for the immunocompromised person (someone with AIDS , undergoing chemotherapy, radiation therapy , or taking high dose cortisone preparation). These people may suffer infections of various organs including: eye (herpetic keratitis ) persistent infection of the mucous membranes and skin of the nose, mouth and throat esophagus (herpetic esophagitis ) liver (herpetic hepatitis ) brain ( encephalitis ) Prevention: Prevention is difficult since the virus can be spread to others even when the infected person has no evidence of a current outbreak. However, avoiding direct contact with an open lesion will lower the risk of infection. People with genital herpes should avoid sexual contact when active lesions are present. People with known genital herpes but without current clinical symptoms should inform their partner that they have the disease. This will allow both parties to use barrier protection ( condoms ) to prevent the spread of the illness. Condoms remain the best protection against acquiring genital herpes. Correct and consistent use of a condom will help prevent the transmission of the disease. Pregnant women with the herpes simplex infection should receive weekly viral cultures of the cervix and external genitalia as the delivery date approaches. At the time of delivery, if active lesions are present, or if the viral culture is positive for herpes, a cesarean delivery ( C-section ) is recommended to avoid infecting the newborn. Symptoms: Pain, tingling, or itching in the genital area is usually the first symptoms of this disorder. This first stage of the illness begins two to seven days after exposure to the virus. During the next stage, sores appear. These small ulcers appear as painful, red bumps, and then change into water-filled blisters that eventually rupture. Yellow crusts form after the rupture and heal in seven to 10 days. Pain and tenderness in the groin area are common until the infection is over. During the primary outbreak, people often experience headache, fever, and swollen lymph nodes in the groin area. Itching , burning or tingling sensations (primary) Painful blisters filled with fluid in the genital and/or rectal area mild fever Groin lump (inguinal lymphadenopathy ) Difficult or painful urination (dysuria) Urinary hesitancy Urinary urgency Painful sexual intercourse Incontinence genital sores (male) Genital sores (female) Signs and Tests: Viral culture of lesion is positive for herpes simplex virus. Tzanck test of skin lesion is consistent with herpes virus (this test is rarely done). Treatment: Treatment of genital herpes does not cure the disease but can relieve the symptoms. Treatment can decrease the pain and discomfort associated with an outbreak and shortens the healing time. Oral acyclovir (Zovirax) does not cure the infection, but it reduces the duration and severity of the symptoms in primary infection, and to a lesser extent in secondary attacks. It also reduces viral shedding, which affects the duration of contagiousness. It may be used in the first episode and for recurrence. For maximum benefit during recurrences, therapy should be started as soon as the tingling , burning, or itching (sensations before the blisters ) starts, or as soon as the blisters are noticed. Topical acyclovir (Zovirax) is also effective but must be used more frequently than the 5 times per day which is typically prescribed. During the first 24 hours, application of the ointment every hour (during the waking hours) will dramatically shorten the duration of the outbreak. Warm baths may relieve the pain associated with genital lesions. Gentle cleansing with soap and water is recommended. If secondary infection of the skin lesions occur, a topical antibiotic ointment can be used. Oral antibiotics are sometimes necessary. Acyclovir-resistant strains of herpes virus are appearing rapidly. If symptoms are not rapidly relieved by acyclovir, further evaluation by a physician is indicated. Support Groups: The stress of illness can often be helped by joining a support group , where members share common experiences and problems. See herpes genital - support group . Prognosis: Once infected, the virus stays in the body for the rest of a person's life. Some people never have another episode, and some have frequent recurrences throughout the year. Subsequent infections tend to occur after sexual intercourse, exposure to the sun, and after stressful events. In individuals with normal immune systems, genital herpes remains a localized and bothersome infection but seldom becomes a life-threatening infection. Complications: Recurrent disease (common). Encephalitis (rare). Spread of the virus to other organs of the body in immunosuppressed people. Transverse myelopathy (damage that extends across the spinal cord). Incontinence . > __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Kick off your party with Yahoo! 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