Baoyuantop commented on issue #13188:
URL: https://github.com/apache/apisix/issues/13188#issuecomment-4221678207

   The current figures are misleading:
   
   1. The baseline is too lightweight: ngx.say(“benchmark”) incurs virtually no 
overhead (~24 μs per request), so any additional logic results in a significant 
percentage drop in performance.
    2. Amplification effect: Without `proxy_pass` and with no upstream latency, 
the entire request takes very little time, causing the framework’s overhead to 
be greatly magnified.
    3. Real-world scenario: In actual production environments, upstream 
response times typically range from 1 to 100 ms. In this case, the ~50 μs 
overhead in the access phase accounts for less than 5% of the total time.
   
   Recommendations
    1. Perform a comparison using a real upstream server (even if it’s just a 
direct Nginx response) via `proxy_pass` and observe the end-to-end latency.
    2. Verify that routing is working correctly, and check the number of global 
rules and enabled plugins.
    3. Refer to 
https://docs.api7.ai/apisix/production/performance/performance-testing for 
performance testing.


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