*** a/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
--- b/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
***************
*** 1519,1539 ****
format
format(formatstr text
! [, str "any" [, ...] ])
text
Format arguments according to a format string.
! This function is similar to the C function
! sprintf, but only the following conversion specifications
! are recognized: %s interpolates the corresponding
! argument as a string; %I escapes its argument as
! an SQL identifier; %L escapes its argument as an
! SQL literal; %% outputs a literal %.
! A conversion can reference an explicit parameter position by preceding
! the conversion specifier with n$, where
! n is the argument position.
! See also .
format('Hello %s, %1$s', 'World')
Hello World, World
--- 1519,1531 ----
format
format(formatstr text
! [, formatarg "any" [, ...] ])
text
Format arguments according to a format string.
! This function is similar to the C function sprintf.
! See .
format('Hello %s, %1$s', 'World')
Hello World, World
***************
*** 2847,2852 ****
--- 2839,3024 ----
+
+ <function>format</function>
+
+
+ format
+
+
+
+ The function format produces formatted output according to
+ a format string in a similar way to the C function sprintf.
+
+
+
+
+ format(formatstr text [, formatarg "any" [, ...] ])
+
+ formatstr is a format string that specifies how the
+ result should be formatted. Text in the format string is copied directly
+ to the result, except where format specifiers are used.
+ Format specifiers act as placeholders in the string, allowing subsequent
+ function arguments to be formatted and inserted into the result.
+
+
+
+ Format specifiers are introduced by a % character and take
+ the form
+
+ %[parameter][flags][width]type
+
+
+
+ parameter (optional)
+
+
+ An expression of the form n$ where
+ n is the index of the argument to use for the format
+ specifier's value. An index of 1 means the first argument after
+ formatstr. If the parameter field is
+ omitted, the default is to use the next argument.
+
+
+ SELECT format('Testing %s, %s, %s', 'one', 'two', 'three');
+ Result: Testing one, two, three
+
+ SELECT format('Testing %3$s, %2$s, %1$s', 'one', 'two', 'three');
+ Result: Testing three, two, one
+
+
+
+ Note that unlike the C function sprintf defined in the
+ Single UNIX Specification, the format function in
+ PostgreSQL allows format specifiers with and without
+ explicit parameter fields to be mixed in the same
+ format string. A format specifier without a
+ parameter field always uses the next argument after
+ the last argument consumed. In addition, the
+ PostgreSQL format function does not
+ require all function arguments to be referred to in the format
+ string.
+
+
+ SELECT format('Testing %3$s, %2$s, %s', 'one', 'two', 'three');
+ Result: Testing three, two, three
+
+
+
+
+
+ flags (optional)
+
+
+ Additional options controlling how the format specifier's output is
+ formatted. Currently the only supported flag is an minus sign
+ (-) which will cause the format specifier's output to be
+ left-aligned. This has no effect unless the width
+ field is also specified.
+
+
+ SELECT format('|%10s|%-10s|', 'foo', 'bar');
+ Result: | foo|bar |
+
+
+
+
+
+ width (optional)
+
+
+ Specifies the minimum number of characters to use to
+ display the format specifier's output. The width may be specified
+ using any of the following: a positive integer; an asterisk
+ (*) to use the next function argument as the width; or an
+ expression of the form *n$ to use the
+ nth function argument as the width.
+
+
+
+ If the width comes from a function argument, that argument is
+ consumed before the argument that is used for the format
+ specifier's value. If the width argument is negative, the result is
+ left aligned, as if the - flag had been specified.
+
+
+ SELECT format('|%10s|', 'foo');
+ Result: | foo|
+
+ SELECT format('|%*s|', 10, 'foo');
+ Result: | foo|
+
+ SELECT format('|%*s|', -10, 'foo');
+ Result: |foo |
+
+ SELECT format('|%-*s|', 10, 'foo');
+ Result: |foo |
+
+ SELECT format('|%-*s|', -10, 'foo');
+ Result: |foo |
+
+ SELECT format('|%*2$s|', 'foo', 10, 'bar');
+ Result: | bar|
+
+ SELECT format('|%3$*2$s|', 'foo', 10, 'bar');
+ Result: | bar|
+
+
+
+
+
+ type (required)
+
+
+ The type of format conversion to use to produce the format
+ specifier's output. The following types are supported:
+
+
+
+ s formats the argument value as a simple
+ string. A null value is treated as an empty string.
+
+
+
+
+ I escapes the value as an SQL identifier. It
+ is an error for the value to be null.
+
+
+
+
+ L escapes the value as an SQL literal. A null
+ value is displayed as the literal value NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+ SELECT format('Hello %s', 'World');
+ Result: Hello World
+
+ SELECT format('DROP TABLE %I', 'Foo bar');
+ Result: DROP TABLE "Foo bar"
+
+ SELECT format('SELECT %L', E'O\'Reilly');
+ Result: SELECT 'O''Reilly'
+
+
+
+ The %I and %L format specifiers may be used
+ to safely construct dynamic SQL statements. See
+ .
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ In addition to the format specifiers above, the special escape sequence
+ %% may be used to output a literal % character.
+
+
*** a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
--- b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
***************
*** 78,84 **** static bytea *bytea_overlay(bytea *t1, bytea *t2, int sp, int sl);
static StringInfo makeStringAggState(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo);
static void text_format_string_conversion(StringInfo buf, char conversion,
FmgrInfo *typOutputInfo,
! Datum value, bool isNull);
static Datum text_to_array_internal(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
static text *array_to_text_internal(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, ArrayType *v,
const char *fldsep, const char *null_string);
--- 78,85 ----
static StringInfo makeStringAggState(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo);
static void text_format_string_conversion(StringInfo buf, char conversion,
FmgrInfo *typOutputInfo,
! Datum value, bool isNull,
! int flags, bool use_width, int width);
static Datum text_to_array_internal(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
static text *array_to_text_internal(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, ArrayType *v,
const char *fldsep, const char *null_string);
***************
*** 3997,4002 **** text_reverse(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 3998,4134 ----
}
/*
+ * Returns pointer of first non digit char
+ *
+ * When some digits are processed, then inum returns parsed number
+ * and is_valid is true, otherwise is_valid is false.
+ */
+ static const char *
+ text_format_parse_digits(const char *start_ptr, const char *end_ptr,
+ int *inum, /* OUT param */
+ bool *is_valid) /* OUT param */
+ {
+ const char *cp = start_ptr;
+
+ *is_valid = false;
+ *inum = 0;
+
+ /* continue, only when start_ptr is less than end_ptr */
+ while (cp < end_ptr)
+ {
+ if (*cp >= '0' && *cp <= '9')
+ {
+ int newnum = *inum * 10 + (*cp - '0');
+
+ if (newnum / 10 != *inum) /* overflow? */
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
+ errmsg("number is out of range")));
+ *inum = newnum;
+ *is_valid = true;
+ ++cp;
+ }
+ else
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* should not be after last char of format string */
+ if (cp >= end_ptr)
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+ errmsg("unterminated conversion specifier")));
+
+ return cp;
+ }
+
+ #define TEXT_FORMAT_FLAG_MINUS 0x0001 /* is minus in format string? */
+
+ #define TEXT_FORMAT_NEXT_CHAR(ptr, end_ptr) \
+ do { \
+ if (++(ptr) >= (end_ptr)) \
+ ereport(ERROR, \
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE), \
+ errmsg("unterminated conversion specifier"))); \
+ } while (0)
+
+ /*
+ * parse format specification
+ * [parameter][flags][width]type
+ *
+ * -1 in int OUT parameters signalize so this attribut is missing,
+ * all values should be zero or greather than zero. Raise exeption
+ * when some parameter is out of range.
+ */
+ static const char *
+ text_format_parse_format(const char *start_ptr, const char *end_ptr,
+ int *parameter, /* OUT param */
+ int *flags, /* OUT param */
+ int *width, /* OUT param */
+ bool *indirect_width, /* OUT param */
+ int *indirect_width_parameter) /* OUT param */
+ {
+ int inum;
+ bool is_valid;
+
+ /* set defaults to out parameters */
+ *parameter = -1;
+ *flags = 0;
+ *width = -1;
+ *indirect_width = false;
+ *indirect_width_parameter = -1;
+
+ /* try to identify first number */
+ start_ptr = text_format_parse_digits(start_ptr, end_ptr, &inum, &is_valid);
+ if (is_valid)
+ {
+ /* number on this position can be parameter number or the width */
+ if (*start_ptr != '$')
+ {
+ *width = inum;
+ return start_ptr;
+ }
+
+ *parameter = inum;
+ TEXT_FORMAT_NEXT_CHAR(start_ptr, end_ptr);
+ }
+
+ /* try to parse flags, only minus is supported now */
+ if (*start_ptr == '-')
+ {
+ *flags = *flags | TEXT_FORMAT_FLAG_MINUS;
+ TEXT_FORMAT_NEXT_CHAR(start_ptr, end_ptr);
+ }
+
+ /* try to parse indirect width */
+ if (*start_ptr == '*')
+ {
+ start_ptr = text_format_parse_digits(++start_ptr, end_ptr, &inum, &is_valid);
+ if (is_valid)
+ {
+ /* number in this position should be closed by $ */
+ if (*start_ptr != '$')
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+ errmsg("unexpected char \"%c\"", *start_ptr)));
+ TEXT_FORMAT_NEXT_CHAR(start_ptr, end_ptr);
+
+ *indirect_width_parameter = inum;
+ }
+ else
+ *indirect_width = true;
+
+ return start_ptr;
+ }
+
+ /* last possible nummber - width */
+ start_ptr = text_format_parse_digits(start_ptr, end_ptr, &inum, &is_valid);
+ if (is_valid)
+ *width = inum;
+
+ return start_ptr;
+ }
+
+ /*
* Returns a formated string
*/
Datum
***************
*** 4016,4021 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 4148,4155 ----
Oid element_type = InvalidOid;
Oid prev_type = InvalidOid;
FmgrInfo typoutputfinfo;
+ FmgrInfo typoutputinfo_width;
+ Oid prev_type_width = InvalidOid;
/* When format string is null, returns null */
if (PG_ARGISNULL(0))
***************
*** 4088,4093 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 4222,4233 ----
Datum value;
bool isNull;
Oid typid;
+ int parameter;
+ int flags;
+ int width;
+ bool indirect_width;
+ int indirect_width_parameter;
+ bool use_width;
/*
* If it's not the start of a conversion specifier, just copy it to
***************
*** 4099,4109 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
continue;
}
! /* Did we run off the end of the string? */
! if (++cp >= end_ptr)
! ereport(ERROR,
! (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
! errmsg("unterminated conversion specifier")));
/* Easy case: %% outputs a single % */
if (*cp == '%')
--- 4239,4246 ----
continue;
}
! /* go to next char */
! TEXT_FORMAT_NEXT_CHAR(cp, end_ptr);
/* Easy case: %% outputs a single % */
if (*cp == '%')
***************
*** 4112,4125 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
continue;
}
! /*
! * If the user hasn't specified an argument position, we just advance
! * to the next one. If they have, we must parse it.
! */
! if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '9')
{
! ++arg;
! if (arg <= 0) /* overflow? */
{
/*
* Should not happen, as you can't pass billions of arguments
--- 4249,4264 ----
continue;
}
! cp = text_format_parse_format(cp, end_ptr,
! ¶meter,
! &flags,
! &width,
! &indirect_width,
! &indirect_width_parameter);
!
! if (indirect_width)
{
! if (++arg <= 0) /* overflow? */
{
/*
* Should not happen, as you can't pass billions of arguments
***************
*** 4129,4177 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
(errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
errmsg("argument number is out of range")));
}
}
! else
{
! bool unterminated = false;
!
! /* Parse digit string. */
! arg = 0;
! do
! {
! int newarg = arg * 10 + (*cp - '0');
!
! if (newarg / 10 != arg) /* overflow? */
! ereport(ERROR,
! (errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
! errmsg("argument number is out of range")));
! arg = newarg;
! ++cp;
! } while (cp < end_ptr && *cp >= '0' && *cp <= '9');
! /*
! * If we ran off the end, or if there's not a $ next, or if the $
! * is the last character, the conversion specifier is improperly
! * terminated.
! */
! if (cp == end_ptr || *cp != '$')
! unterminated = true;
! else
{
! ++cp;
! if (cp == end_ptr)
! unterminated = true;
! }
! if (unterminated)
! ereport(ERROR,
! (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
! errmsg("unterminated conversion specifier")));
!
! /* There's no argument 0. */
! if (arg == 0)
ereport(ERROR,
! (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
! errmsg("conversion specifies argument 0, but arguments are numbered from 1")));
}
/* Not enough arguments? Deduct 1 to avoid counting format string. */
if (arg > nargs - 1)
--- 4268,4301 ----
(errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
errmsg("argument number is out of range")));
}
+ indirect_width_parameter = arg;
}
! else if (indirect_width_parameter != -1)
{
! /* be consistent, move ordered argument together with positional */
! arg = indirect_width_parameter;
! }
! if (parameter == -1)
! {
! if (++arg <= 0) /* overflow? */
{
! /*
! * Should not happen, as you can't pass billions of arguments
! * to a function, but better safe than sorry.
! */
ereport(ERROR,
! (errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
! errmsg("argument number is out of range")));
! }
}
+ else
+ arg = parameter;
+
+ if (arg == 0)
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+ errmsg("conversion specifies argument 0, but arguments are numbered from 1")));
/* Not enough arguments? Deduct 1 to avoid counting format string. */
if (arg > nargs - 1)
***************
*** 4179,4184 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 4303,4380 ----
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
errmsg("too few arguments for format")));
+ if (indirect_width_parameter != -1)
+ {
+
+ if (indirect_width_parameter == 0)
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+ errmsg("conversion specifies argument 0, but arguments are numbered from 1")));
+
+ /* Not enough arguments? Deduct 1 to avoid counting format string. */
+ if (indirect_width_parameter > nargs - 1)
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+ errmsg("too few arguments for format")));
+
+ /* get value of related parameter that holds width and coerce to int */
+ if (!funcvariadic)
+ {
+ value = PG_GETARG_DATUM(indirect_width_parameter);
+ isNull = PG_ARGISNULL(indirect_width_parameter);
+ typid = get_fn_expr_argtype(fcinfo->flinfo, indirect_width_parameter);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ value = elements[indirect_width_parameter - 1];
+ isNull = nulls[indirect_width_parameter - 1];
+ typid = element_type;
+ }
+ if (!OidIsValid(typid))
+ elog(ERROR, "could not determine data type of format() input");
+
+ /*
+ * we don't need to different between NULL and zero in this moment,
+ * NULL means ignore this width - same as zero.
+ */
+ if (isNull)
+ {
+ value = 0;
+ isNull = false;
+ typid = INT4OID;
+ }
+ else if (typid != INT4OID)
+ {
+ char *str;
+
+ /* simple IO cast to int */
+ if (typid != prev_type_width)
+ {
+ Oid typoutputfunc;
+ bool typIsVarlena;
+
+ getTypeOutputInfo(typid, &typoutputfunc, &typIsVarlena);
+ fmgr_info(typoutputfunc, &typoutputinfo_width);
+ prev_type_width = typid;
+ }
+
+ /* Stringify. */
+ str = OutputFunctionCall(&typoutputinfo_width, value);
+
+ /* get int value */
+ width = pg_atoi(str, sizeof(int32), '\0');
+ pfree(str);
+ }
+ else
+ width = DatumGetInt32(value);
+
+ use_width = true;
+ }
+ else if (width != -1)
+ use_width = true;
+ else
+ use_width = false;
+
/* Get the value and type of the selected argument */
if (!funcvariadic)
{
***************
*** 4221,4227 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
case 'I':
case 'L':
text_format_string_conversion(&str, *cp, &typoutputfinfo,
! value, isNull);
break;
default:
ereport(ERROR,
--- 4417,4424 ----
case 'I':
case 'L':
text_format_string_conversion(&str, *cp, &typoutputfinfo,
! value, isNull,
! flags, use_width, width);
break;
default:
ereport(ERROR,
***************
*** 4244,4254 **** text_format(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
}
/* Format a %s, %I, or %L conversion. */
static void
text_format_string_conversion(StringInfo buf, char conversion,
FmgrInfo *typOutputInfo,
! Datum value, bool isNull)
{
char *str;
--- 4441,4497 ----
PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
}
+ /*
+ * Add spaces on begin or on end when it is necessary
+ */
+ static void
+ text_format_append_string(StringInfo buf, const char *str,
+ int flags, bool use_width, int width)
+ {
+ bool align_to_left;
+ int len;
+
+ /* fast path */
+ if (!use_width)
+ {
+ appendStringInfoString(buf, str);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (width < 0)
+ {
+ width = -width;
+ align_to_left = true;
+ }
+ else if (flags & TEXT_FORMAT_FLAG_MINUS)
+ {
+ align_to_left = true;
+ }
+ else
+ align_to_left = false;
+
+ len = pg_mbstrlen(str);
+ if (align_to_left)
+ {
+ appendStringInfoString(buf, str);
+ if (len < width)
+ appendStringInfoSpaces(buf, width - len);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* align_to_right */
+ if (len < width)
+ appendStringInfoSpaces(buf, width - len);
+ appendStringInfoString(buf, str);
+ }
+ }
+
/* Format a %s, %I, or %L conversion. */
static void
text_format_string_conversion(StringInfo buf, char conversion,
FmgrInfo *typOutputInfo,
! Datum value, bool isNull,
! int flags, bool use_width, int width)
{
char *str;
***************
*** 4256,4262 **** text_format_string_conversion(StringInfo buf, char conversion,
if (isNull)
{
if (conversion == 'L')
! appendStringInfoString(buf, "NULL");
else if (conversion == 'I')
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
--- 4499,4506 ----
if (isNull)
{
if (conversion == 'L')
! text_format_append_string(buf, "NULL",
! flags, use_width, width);
else if (conversion == 'I')
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
***************
*** 4271,4288 **** text_format_string_conversion(StringInfo buf, char conversion,
if (conversion == 'I')
{
/* quote_identifier may or may not allocate a new string. */
! appendStringInfoString(buf, quote_identifier(str));
}
else if (conversion == 'L')
! {
! char *qstr = quote_literal_cstr(str);
! appendStringInfoString(buf, qstr);
/* quote_literal_cstr() always allocates a new string */
pfree(qstr);
}
else
! appendStringInfoString(buf, str);
/* Cleanup. */
pfree(str);
--- 4515,4534 ----
if (conversion == 'I')
{
/* quote_identifier may or may not allocate a new string. */
! text_format_append_string(buf, quote_identifier(str),
! flags, use_width, width);
}
else if (conversion == 'L')
! { char *qstr = quote_literal_cstr(str);
! text_format_append_string(buf, qstr,
! flags, use_width, width);
/* quote_literal_cstr() always allocates a new string */
pfree(qstr);
}
else
! text_format_append_string(buf, str,
! flags, use_width, width);
/* Cleanup. */
pfree(str);
*** a/src/test/regress/expected/text.out
--- b/src/test/regress/expected/text.out
***************
*** 257,267 **** ERROR: too few arguments for format
select format('%1$s %13$s', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12);
ERROR: too few arguments for format
select format('%1s', 1);
! ERROR: unterminated conversion specifier
select format('%1$', 1);
ERROR: unterminated conversion specifier
select format('%1$1', 1);
! ERROR: unrecognized conversion specifier "1"
-- check mix of positional and ordered placeholders
select format('Hello %s %1$s %s', 'World', 'Hello again');
format
--- 257,271 ----
select format('%1$s %13$s', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12);
ERROR: too few arguments for format
select format('%1s', 1);
! format
! --------
! 1
! (1 row)
!
select format('%1$', 1);
ERROR: unterminated conversion specifier
select format('%1$1', 1);
! ERROR: unterminated conversion specifier
-- check mix of positional and ordered placeholders
select format('Hello %s %1$s %s', 'World', 'Hello again');
format
***************
*** 328,330 **** from generate_series(1,200) g(i);
--- 332,387 ----
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,199,200
(1 row)
+ -- left, right align
+ select format('>>%10s<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%-10s<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%1$10s<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%1$-10I<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%2$*1$L<<', 10, 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%*s<<', 10, 'Hello');
+ format
+ ----------------
+ >> Hello<<
+ >>Hello <<
+ >> Hello<<
+ >>"Hello" <<
+ >> 'Hello'<<
+ >> Hello<<
+ (6 rows)
+
+ select format('>>%*1$s<<', 10, 'Hello');
+ format
+ ----------------
+ >> Hello<<
+ (1 row)
+
+ select format('>>%-s<<', 'Hello');
+ format
+ -----------
+ >>Hello<<
+ (1 row)
+
+ -- NULL is not different to zero here
+ select format('>>%10L<<', NULL);
+ format
+ ----------------
+ >> NULL<<
+ (1 row)
+
+ select format('>>%2$*1$L<<', NULL, 'Hello');
+ format
+ -------------
+ >>'Hello'<<
+ (1 row)
+
+ select format('>>%2$*1$L<<', 0, 'Hello');
+ format
+ -------------
+ >>'Hello'<<
+ (1 row)
+
*** a/src/test/regress/sql/text.sql
--- b/src/test/regress/sql/text.sql
***************
*** 97,99 **** select format('Hello', variadic NULL);
--- 97,120 ----
-- variadic argument allows simulating more than FUNC_MAX_ARGS parameters
select format(string_agg('%s',','), variadic array_agg(i))
from generate_series(1,200) g(i);
+
+ -- left, right align
+ select format('>>%10s<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%-10s<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%1$10s<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%1$-10I<<', 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%2$*1$L<<', 10, 'Hello')
+ union all
+ select format('>>%*s<<', 10, 'Hello');
+
+ select format('>>%*1$s<<', 10, 'Hello');
+ select format('>>%-s<<', 'Hello');
+
+ -- NULL is not different to zero here
+ select format('>>%10L<<', NULL);
+ select format('>>%2$*1$L<<', NULL, 'Hello');
+ select format('>>%2$*1$L<<', 0, 'Hello');