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Microsoft Office Assistance: VLOOKUP
VLOOKUP
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Searches for a value in the first column of a table array and returns a value
in the same row from another column in the table array.
The V in VLOOKUP stands for vertical. Use VLOOKUP instead of HLOOKUP when your
comparison values are located in a column to the left of the data that you
want to find.
Syntax
VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup)
Lookup_value The value to search in the first column of the table
array.
Lookup_value can be a value or a reference. If lookup_value is smaller than the
smallest value in the first column of table_array, VLOOKUP returns the #N/A
error value.
Table_array Two or more columns of data. Use a reference to a range or a range
name. The values in the first column of table_array are the values searched
by lookup_value. These values can be text, numbers, or logical values.
Uppercase and lowercase text are equivalent.
Col_index_num The column number in table_array from which the matching value
must be returned. A col_index_num of 1 returns the value in the first column
in table_array; a col_index_num of 2 returns the value in the second column in
table_array, and so on. If col_index_num is:
List of 2 items
. Less than 1, VLOOKUP returns the #VALUE! error value.
. Greater than the number of columns in table_array, VLOOKUP returns the #REF!
error value.
list end
Range_lookup A logical value that specifies whether you want VLOOKUP to find
an exact match or an approximate match:
List of 2 items
. If TRUE or omitted, an exact or approximate match is returned. If an exact
match is not found, the next largest value that is less than lookup_value is
returned.
The values in the first column of table_array must be placed in ascending sort
order; otherwise, VLOOKUP may not give the correct value. You can put the
values in ascending order by choosing the Sort command from the Data menu and
selecting Ascending. For more information, see
Default sort orders.
. If FALSE, VLOOKUP will only find an exact match. In this case, the values in
the first column of table_array do not need to be sorted. If there are two
or more values in the first column of table_array that match the lookup_value,
the first value found is used. If an exact match is not found, the error
value #N/A is returned.
list end
Remarks
List of 3 items
. When searching text values in the first column of table_array, ensure that
the data in the first column of table_array does not have leading spaces,
trailing
spaces, inconsistent use of straight ( ' or " ) and curly ( ' or ") quotation
marks, or nonprinting characters. In these cases, VLOOKUP may give an incorrect
or unexpected value. For more information on functions that you can use to
clean text data, see
Text and Data functions.
. When searching number or date values, ensure that the data in the first
column of table_array is not stored as text values. In this case, VLOOKUP may
give an incorrect or unexpected value. For more information, see
Convert numbers stored as text to numbers.
. If range_lookup is FALSE and lookup_value is text, then you can use the
wildcard characters, question mark (?) and asterisk (*), in lookup_value. A
question
mark matches any single character; an asterisk matches any sequence of
characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk, type a
tilde
(~) preceding the character.
list end
Example 1
The example may be easier to understand if you copy it to a blank worksheet.
ShowHow to copy an example
This example searches the Density column of an atmospheric properties table to
find corresponding values in the Viscosity and Temperature columns. (The
values are for air at 0 degrees Celsius at sea level, or 1 atmosphere.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Table with 3 columns and 17 rows
A
B
C
Density
Viscosity
Temperature
0.457
3.55
500
0.525
3.25
400
0.616
2.93
300
0.675
2.75
250
0.746
2.57
200
0.835
2.38
150
0.946
2.17
100
1.09
1.95
50
1.29
1.71
0
Formula
Description (result)
=VLOOKUP(1,A2:C10,2)
Using an approximate match, searches for the value 1 in column A, finds the
largest value less than or equal to 1 in column A which is 0.946, and then
returns
the value from column B in the same row. (2.17)
=VLOOKUP(1,A2:C10,3,TRUE)
Using an approximate match, searches for the value 1 in column A, finds the
largest value less than or equal to 1 in column A, which is 0.946, and then
returns the value from column C in the same row. (100)
=VLOOKUP(.7,A2:C10,3,FALSE)
Using an exact match, searches for the value .7 in column A. Because there is
no exact match in column A, an error is returned. (#N/A)
=VLOOKUP(0.1,A2:C10,2,TRUE)
Using an approximate match, searches for the value 0.1 in column A. Because 0.1
is less than the smallest value in column A, an error is returned. (#N/A)
=VLOOKUP(2,A2:C10,2,TRUE)
Using an approximate match, searches for the value 2 in column A, finds the
largest value less than or equal to 2 in column A, which is 1.29, and then
returns
the value from column B in the same row. (1.71)
table end
Example 2
The example may be easier to understand if you copy it to a blank worksheet.
ShowHow to copy an example
This example searches the Item-ID column of a baby products table and matches
values in the Cost and Markup columns to calculate prices and test conditions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Table with 4 columns and 12 rows
A
B
C
D
Item-ID
Item
Cost
Markup
ST-340
Stroller
$145.67
30%
BI-567
Bib
$3.56
40%
DI-328
Diapers
$21.45
35%
WI-989
Wipes
$5.12
40%
AS-469
Aspirator
$2.56
45%
Formula
Description (result)
= VLOOKUP("DI-328", A2:D6, 3, FALSE) * (1 + VLOOKUP("DI-328", A2:D6, 4, FALSE))
Calculates the retail price of diapers by adding the markup percentage to the
cost. ($28.96)
= (VLOOKUP("WI-989", A2:D6, 3, FALSE) * (1 + VLOOKUP("WI-989", A2:D6, 4,
FALSE))) * (1 - 20%)
Calculates the sale price of wipes by subtracting a specified discount from the
retail price. ($5.73)
= IF(VLOOKUP(A2, A2:D6, 3, FALSE) >= 20, "Markup is " & 100 * VLOOKUP(A2,
A2:D6, 4, FALSE) &"%", "Cost is under $20.00")
If the cost of an item is greater than or equal to $20.00, displays the string
"Markup is nn%"; otherwise, displays the string "Cost is under $20.00". (Markup
is 30%)
= IF(VLOOKUP(A3, A2:D6, 3, FALSE) >= 20, "Markup is: " & 100 * VLOOKUP(A3,
A2:D6, 4, FALSE) &"%", "Cost is $" & VLOOKUP(A3, A2:D6, 3, FALSE))
If the cost of an item is greater than or equal to $20.00, displays the string
Markup is nn%"; otherwise, displays the string "Cost is $n.nn". (Cost is
$3.56)
table end
Example 3
The example may be easier to understand if you copy it to a blank worksheet.
ShowHow to copy an example
This example searches the ID column of an employee table and matches values in
other columns to calculate ages and test for error conditions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Table with 5 columns and 13 rows
A
B
C
D
E
ID
Last name
First name
Title
Birth date
1
Davolio
Nancy
Sales Representative
12/8/1968
2
Fuller
Andrew
Vice President, Sales
2/19/1952
3
Leverling
Janet
Sales Representative
8/30/1963
4
Peacock
Margaret
Sales Representative
9/19/1958
5
Buchanan
Steven
Sales Manager
3/4/1955
6
Suyama
Michael
Sales Representative
7/2/1963
Formula
Description (result)
=INT(YEARFRAC(DATE(2004,6,30), VLOOKUP(5,A2:E7,5, FALSE), 1))
For the fiscal year 2004, finds the age of the employee with ID equal to 5.
Uses the YEARFRAC function to subtract the birth date from the fiscal year end
date and displays the result as an integer using the INT function. (49)
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(5,A2:E7,2,FALSE)) = TRUE, "Employee not found",
VLOOKUP(5,A2:E7,2,FALSE))
If there is an employee with an ID of 5, displays the employee's last name;
otherwise, displays the message "Employee not found". (Buchanan)
The ISNA function returns a TRUE value when the VLOOKUP function returns the
#NA error value.
=IF(ISNA(VLOOKUP(15,A3:E8,2,FALSE)) = TRUE, "Employee not found",
VLOOKUP(15,A3:E8,2,FALSE))
If there is an employee with an ID of 15, displays the employee's last name;
otherwise, displays the message "Employee not found". (Employee not found)
The ISNA function returns a TRUE value when the VLOOKUP function returns the
#NA error value.
=VLOOKUP(4,A2:E7,3,FALSE) & " " & VLOOKUP(4,A2:E7,2,FALSE) & " is a " &
VLOOKUP(4,A2:E7,4,FALSE) & "."
For the employee with an ID of 4, concatenates the values of three cells into a
complete sentence. (Margaret Peacock is a Sales Representative.)
table end
Note The first formula in the example above uses the YEARFRAC function. If
this function is not available, and returns the #NAME? error, install and load
the Analysis ToolPak add-in.
ShowHow?
See Also
See Also
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