Excellent!
For the uninitiated , you have cleared many aspects of this facinating
subject.
Only the other day, I was asking about I P address. Today,I seem to
understand a lot more.
Please continue giving folks like us such useful info.
Thanks a ton and the very best for your exams.
----- Original Message -----
From: "ruchir falodiya" <ruchir.falod...@gmail.com>
To: "accessindia" <accessindia@accessindia.org.in>
Sent: Thursday, March 26, 2009 8:56 AM
Subject: [AI] how your internet functions?
good morning and greetings to all my fellow accessindians.
yesterday, some1 on the list was asking about what is http://www part
in the website? so i thought, being a student of information
technology, i'd do a small review of how actually this world of
internet works.
though i'll try to cover most important topics, but if i skip
something, apologies in advance.
so, lets start!
think internet is a virtual world of millions and billions peoples
each having its separate identity known as IP ( internet protocol )
this IP actually connects your virtual representative in the world of
internet to the real world.
an IP can be of various classes depending on its arrangements of
numbers which tells every1 that who is the provider of your internet
connection, your geographical location in the world and then a unique
groups of digit code to identify its you.
for an example
124.234.138.38 is in IP of some1 connection from Oklahoma, and this
can be braked into following order.
124=the provider.
234= the the location of the provider's hub ( this is how peoples can
be traced out )
138.38 = your unique code and identifier which, no1 can have when they
are connecting to the internet.
now, this world is governed and operated by the set of some rules for
connecting, requesting resources, sharing resources, pinging the other
IP's etc.
these rules are defined under every operating system, failing that you
wouldn't be able to connect.
these rules are known as tcp ( transfer control protocol )
the other most common protocols you mite be frequently be using are
http ( hyper text transfer protocol ) and FTP ( file transfer protocol )
the http is a medium of transferring web pages or other resources for
your web browsing which may include elements created in HTML ( hyper
text markup language ) and jawa, flash, php, asp, etc.
and the FTP generally works in the background for uploading and
downloading of files.
there are also various ports ( a type of communication channel ) and
are ranged from 0 to 9000 ( though i'm not sure of this exact figure.
)
each port is either open for a specific purpose or is closed.
if you do not have a firewall and anty virus, and by chance any of
these port is left open insecurely, that is an invitation to hackers
to intrude into your computer.
it mite be worth knowing that identities can be spoofed or changed for
illegal purposes ( like wearing a mask ) to disguise the identity and
then we have distributed denial of services and ping floods but that
is really the darker and horrible side of internet which, being a
hacker for 3 years i've seen and i really recommend please, stay away
from hacking and such stuff, it sounds very intriguing, but the theory
follows, if you brake some1's thing, some1 else will brake your things
too. be prepared.
getting away from that topic, let us now take a live example of what
happens when you connect to internet.
when you try to establish a network connection, your TCP/IP set of
rules tries an establishes a link to the local internet service
provider telling so and so client wants to connect.
your local server looks up into your monthly quota ( if any ), and
check other constraints.
if everything goes well, your server returns a link connection's port
( through which you and server is connected. )
now you opened your web browser and enter.
http://www.gmail.com
your web browser sends a request to local server and then, your local
server looks up on satellite for the domain gmail.com on www web
directory.
there mite be number of servers in between you and the destination
gmail.com and you can trace the path also.
just open command prompt and type in tracert www.gmail.com
a number of servers along with their IP is returned telling you what
is the path used in connecting you to the gmail.com hosting server.
also, remember that every website is hosted on some special type of
faster, more efficient and bigger computers known as servers, which
are online 24/7 and many of these servers are stored safely and
securely in data centers.
having very strong connection having speeds in hundreds of MBPS so
they can serve to thousands of client requests at 1 time.
also, few peoples, while connecting to internet via lan or modem gets
confused that their actual speed of connection is 100mbps.
please understand that, the 100mbps is the speed of connection between
your lan and modem, and is really no where near to the actual speed
you are getting which, is also known as the bandwidth.
coming back to the point, your server looks up that domain, and the
URL ( uniform resource locater ) ( another type of protocol on
satellite ) finds that domain and returns the IP like 69.96.123.178
the server connects to that IP on port 80 and requests for the HTTP home
page.
the server transfer that homepage in a form of a file to your local
provider's server, which is then forwarded to your computer, decoded
by your browser and then the home page of gmail.com is opened in front
of your screen.
there is also more detailed information about URL ( uniform resource
locater ) and domains, but that is how in the simplest way, the
communication takes place.
hope i've been able to clear most of the doubts relating to the
process of functioning of internet.
for further details and more in-depth studies, please visit.
computer.howstuffworks.com/internet-infrastructure.htm
also: for any queries and problems relating to technology and
computers, feel free to drop an email at.
ruchir.falod...@gmail.com
or, call me at +919829675073
honestly, the joy of solving problems and seeing that smile of
satisfaction on some1's face is just priceless.
keep your blessings and best wishes for me as my final exams are
approaching.
with warm regards,
ruchir.
--
As long as forever,
I will stay by your side,
I'll be your companion,
Your friend and your guide!!!
www.ruchir89.wordpress.com
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