Arithmetic Coding is SO easy to understand. It's better than Huffman Coding. If 
you only have 3 vocab words then you assign them bit codes as so a=00 b=01 
c=10. If we store abcba, it costs 10 bits. Bit code 11 isn't used, we can do 
better. So all you do is understand all combination 3*3*3*3*3=243 and so it 
always is 7 bits (1.4 bits per character). In text, abcba costs 40 bits (8bpc). 
To implement AC, you get the number by stepping through each vocab token 
[a]bcba a[b]cba jumping into a new range as go ex. 243 divided by 3 = pick 1-81 
 or  82-162  or  163-243, repeat. This number ex. 129 can easily be converted 
to/from binary bits.
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