Visit our website: HTTP://WWW.STOPNATO.ORG.UK --------------------------------------------- The 1934 attempted fascist coup in the US is one of the most interesting bits of US history. It is also one of the bits that is least known. Irenee du Pont was one of the main conspirators in the attempted coup in 1934. Other multimillionaires who are household names in the USA today were also involved. Smedley Butler was recruited to lead the operation, since he had so much experience overthrowing governments. He'd done it for the marines for decades in other countries. They wanted him to be America;s Hitler. He let them down big time. He pretended to go along with the coup plan and met with the planners. Then he reported the coup plans to President Roosevelt. Roosevelt died suddenly just as the war was almost ending. He had crossed Allen Dulles, the chief architect of US involvement with the Nazis. A wall street lawyer for the Nazis who became the head of the CIA for several decades until Kennedy fired him for the Bay of Pigs fiasco. We know what happened to Kennedy. It is interesting to wonder what would have happened if Roosevelt had not disappeared from the scene so suddenly at the close of the war. Here is some information that deals with a related and very fascinating chapter in US history, the connection between Nazism and the CIA. It's from our magazine Press for Conversion (January 2001 Issue #43) which was on the theme: "A People's History of the CIA: The Subversion of Democracy from Australia to Zaire." Many more interesting articles like this are available in the online version of that issue of our magazine. Here's where you'll find the table of contents for about 40 articles covering the history of the CIA and its support for fascism around the globe. <http://www.ncf.ca/coat/our_magazine/links/issue43/issue43.htm> Cheers Richard ----------------- 1944-1954 Germany/USA: Original Sin - From SS to OSS By Martin A. Lee The CIA's "original sin," dates back to when it used a Nazi spy network brimming with war criminals. The CIA protected this cast of killers to ostensibly counter the Soviet threat. The key player on the German side of this unholy alliance was Reinhard Gehlen, Hitler's top anti-Soviet spy. Gehlen oversaw Germany's military-intelligence capabilities throughout Eastern Europe and the U.S.S.R. As the war drew to a close, the crafty Gehlen surmised that the grand anti-fascist coalition - led by the U.S., Britain and the Soviet Union - would not survive the peace. Gehlen also recognized that U.S. intelligence operations would be ill-prepared to wage a sustained struggle against the U.S.S.R. Gehlen surrendered to a U.S. Counter-intelligence Corps team on May 22, 1945. He offered to share the vast espionage archive on the U.S.S.R. He also offered to activate an underground army of battle-hardened anti-communists in Eastern Europe. Although the ink had barely dried on the Yalta agreements, which required the U.S. to give the Soviets any captured German officers who had been involved in "eastern area activities," Gehlen was transferred to Fort Hunt, Virginia. During his 10 months at Fort Hunt, Gehlen presented a professional image, the pure technician who liked nothing better than to immerse himself in maps, flowcharts and statistics. Allen Dulles, head of the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and future CIA director, became one of Gehlen's biggest post-war boosters. With a mandate to continue gathering information in Eastern Europe just as he had been doing for Hitler, Gehlen re-established his spy organization, initially under U.S. Army supervision. The Gehlen "Org," as it was called, enlisted thousands of Gestapo, Wehrmacht and SS veterans. Senior bureaucrats who administered the Holocaust were welcomed into the Org. (Alois Brunner, Adolf Eichmann's right-hand man and personal favorite, found gainful employment courtesy of Gehlen and the CIA.) "It seems," the Frankfurter Rundschau editorialized, "that in the Gehlen headquarters one SS man paved the way for the next and Himmler's elite were having happy reunion ceremonies." U.S. officials knew that many of the people they were subsidizing had committed horrible crimes against humanity, but atrocities were overlooked as the anti-communist crusade gained momentum. Through Gehlen, the CIA had access to former leaders of virtually every Nazi puppet regime from the Baltics to the Black Sea, as well as a rogues gallery of Waffen SS fanatics. Working within the CIA in the late 1940s, Gehlen's Nazi-infested spy apparatus functioned as America's secret eyes and ears in Central Europe. Under CIA auspices, and later as head of the West German secret service (BND), Gehlen influenced U.S. policy toward the Soviet Bloc. The Org played a major role within NATO, too, supplying two-thirds of raw intelligence on Warsaw Pact countries. "We had an agreement to exploit each other, each in his own national interest," said James Critchfield, a CIA operative who worked with Gehlen on a daily basis for eight years. "The CIA loved Gehlen because he fed us what we wanted to hear," an ex-CIA officer told writer Christopher Simpson. "We used his stuff constantly and we fed it to the Pentagon, the White House and the newspapers. They loved it, too. But it was hyped up Russian bogeyman junk and it did a lot of damage to this country." Washington's growing dependence on Gehlen made U.S. officials sitting ducks for disinformation. Much of what he supplied exaggerated the Soviet threat and whipped up fears about Russian military intentions. The Nazi spymaster fostered paranoia in the West about a worldwide communist conspiracy. Gehlen's strategy was based on a rudimentary equation; the colder the Cold War got, the more political space for Hitler's heirs. While Gehlen catered to the CIA's anti-communist cravings, his Org became the life raft for legions of Hitler's SS henchmen to escape their crimes and resettle safely in the post-war world. Third Reich expatriates and fascist collaborators found jobs as "security advisers" in the Middle East and Latin America, where "death squads" persist as an enduring legacy. The Gehlen debacle continues to exact a price against human decency in the world. It is a price rarely acknowledged amid Washington's post-Cold War triumphalism. After 50 years, the resurgence of fascism in Europe and elsewhere underscores the need for Americans to confront - and understand - some of these terrible demons of the Cold War past. Source: "CIA at 50: Still Hiding Its 'Original' Nazi Sin," The Consortium for Independent Journalism, 1997. www.consortiumnews.com/archive/story41.html ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Brigadier General Reinhard Gehlen Chief, of the Third Reich's "Foreign Armies East." Gehlen worked with many secret fascist organizations, including: Stepan Bandera's "B Faction," Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists Romania's Iron Guard the Ustachis of Yugoslavia the Vanagis of Latvia Vlassov's Army" in Russia. Source: Christopher Simpson. Blowback: America's Recruitment of Nazis and its Effects on the Cold War, 1988. ------------- West Germany's Spymaster (1956-1968) In 1956, control of the Gehlen Org shifted from the CIA to West Germany's Intelligence Service. Gehlen was its director until he retired in 1968. Soruce: "Gehlen Organization:, Nov 26, 1997. Federation of American Scientists: http://www.fas.org/irp/world/germany/intro/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Allen Dulles (1893-1969) Chief Architect of U.S.-Nazi business and spy networks spy at the U.S. embassy in Bern, Switzerland, collecting political data for the State Department on Germany and the Austro-Hungarian empire (1916-1918) member, U.S. staff, Versailles Peace Conference (1918-1922) head, State Department's Near East Affairs division (1922-27) worked with brother John Foster Dulles, as lawyer and international finance specialist for Sullivan & Cromwell, a Wall Street law firm in New York (1927-1941). While there, he worked with top Nazi industrialists and played a pivotal role in promoting U.S.-Nazi corporate relations. Allen worked with Prescott Bush (grandfather of Pres. G.W.Bush) and George H.Walker (Prescott's father-in-law) who ran Union Banking Corp. for the Nazis. Allen was legal counsel for Standard Oil and the Nazi's I.G. Farben, co-owned by the Rockefellers. (Other U.S. millionaires allied to the Nazis were: William R.Hearst Sr., Andrew Mellon, Irenee du Pont, Henry Ford and J.P.Morgan. Morgan, du Pont and others were even involved in a Fascist plot to overthrow the U.S. government in 1934.) President Roosevelt, realizing Dulles was a traitor, had his New York "Office of Coordinator of Information" wiretapped (1941-42). Some Dulles-linked firms, like Bush's Union Banking Corp., were seized under the Trading with the Enemy Act (1942) Berne station chief, Office of Strategic Services (1942-1945). Roosevelt's plan to charge Dulles with treason failed when Dulles was warned and covered his tracks (1944). Roosevelt's plan died with him (1945). as OSS station chief in Berlin, Dulles negotiated the agreement with General Reinhold Gehlen to establish a Nazi spy network within the OSS (1945). Dulles helped in the development of the CIA (1947), became its deputy director (1951) and its director (1953-1961). He oversaw numerous covert operations, such as election rigging in Italy (1948), coups in Iran (1953) and Guatemala (1954) and many other notorious operations described in this issue. When Union Banking Corp. was liquidated, P.Bush and G.H.Walk-er received $1.5 million (1951) was fired by Kennedy after the failed invasion of Cuba (1961) as a member of the Warren Commission, he promoted the theory that a "lone gunman" assassinated J.F.Kennedy (1963). Sources: members.nbci.com/1spy; www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/allen.dulles/ , baltech.org/lederman/spray , www.newscoast.com/headlinesstory2.cfm?ID=35115 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- Growth of Gehlen Org The Gehlen Org initially included Gehlen's immediate staff of about 350 agents. Hundreds of German army and SS officers were released from internment camps to join his headquarters in Germany's Spessart Mountains. When the staff grew to 3,000, the Org moved to a compound near Pullach, south of Munich. It operated under the innocent name, South German Industrial Development Organization. By the early-1950s, the organization employed up to 4,000 intelligence specialists in Germany (mainly former army and SS officers) and more than 4,000 undercover agents who were active throughout the Soviet-bloc. Under Operation Sunrise, some 5,000 anti-communist East Europeans and Russians were trained in Germany in 1946, under the command of General Sikes and SS General Burckhardt. They supported insurgencies in areas such as Ukraine, which were not suppressed by the Soviets until 1956. Source: www.fas.org/irp/world/germany/intro/ Richard Sanders Coordinator, Coalition to Oppose the Arms Trade (COAT) A national peace network supported by individuals and organizations across Canada 541 McLeod St., Ottawa Ontario K1R 5R2 Canada Tel.: 613-231-3076 Fax: 613-231-2614 Email: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Web site: <http://www.ncf.ca/coat> ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Help build opposition to NATO PA meetings in Ottawa, Oct. 5-8, 2001! 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