--- [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> In a very simplistic macro view, raising public expenditures or lowering 
> taxes (in the short run) were both considered "expansionist" fiscal 
> policies--at least in the sense that both increase public sector
> deficits... they are equivalent policies.

The expansionist effect is reduced when the deficit is financed from domestic
borrowing, which displaces private domestic consumption or investment.
 
> However, in real world policymaking, republicans prefer lower taxes and 
> democrats would rather have more expenditures... as if they were different 
> policies.
> 
> Does this partisan/ideological asymmetry have any real effect?

As such, no.  But there are also supply-side effects from reducing taxes,
which would provide a larger effect, and the long-run domestic effect depends
on what the funds are spent for, i.e. military abroad versus domestic
consumption or governmental investment.

> More practically, what is easier to get, lower taxes or higher
> expenditures?  

Higher expenditures are easier, since tax cuts require lengthy deliberations
and are more difficult to reverse.  Spending can be focused on local "pork."

> Does this apply to the federal as well to the state level?

I don't see why not.
 
Fred Foldvary

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