четвер, 4 січня 2018 р. 17:37:18 EET Paul Licameli написано:
> Translators, I excerpt some things I recently wrote to the development
> list. I want to make other developers aware of the right and wrong ways to
> code strings that must be translated.
>
> Do you think these are good recommendations? Would you add any?
>
> Here are some rules I recommend:
>
> - Some languages prefer other punctuation conventions, such as «these»
> quotes, or such as leaving a space left of a colon -- therefore, use _()
> even for a format like _("%s: %s") that contains only % slots and
> punctuation.
>
>
> - Some languages vary words contextually, for gender agreement or case,
> though this happens very little in English -- therefore, avoid putting
> small isolated words into _() which you then substitute into a longer
> string. Instead, make longer phrases in _() containing words to be
> translated in context. Do this even at the cost of repetitious code that
> defines more strings, varying only the short word inside a longer phrase
>
>
> - Some languages prefer different word order, such a Japanese with verbs
> last and postpositions rather than prepositions. -- Therefore, avoid
> composition of user-visible strings using contatentation (+ operator) of
> many single words and short phrases. Use format substitutions instead to
> put words in place. Concatenate long phrases and clauses only.
>
> For example:
>
> AudacityMessageBox(_("Could not open file: ") + fileName); // wrong
> AudacityMessageBox( wxString::Format( _("Could not open file: %s"),
> fileName )); // right
>
> - Some languages have more than two number forms of nouns (singular and
> plural); most of the Slavics have complicated case-agreement rules for
> various numerals, and Arabic has a dual. -- Therefore use the wxPLURAL
> macro, which cooperates with the message catalog system, so that a
> language can provide more than two translations as appropriate, and the
> run-time lookup chooses the right one according to a number. For example
>
> // wrong:
> auto format = iHours == 1 ? _("%d hour") : _("%d hours");
> auto sHours = wxString::Format( format, iHours );
>
> // right:
> auto sHours =
> wxString::Format( wxPLURAL("%d hour", "%d hours", iHours), iHours );
>
> - In general, substitute only names and numbers into translated formats,
> not results of other translations, though there remain some difficult
> cases where that rule must be relaxed.
>
>
> PRL
Hi,
Wonderful tips! Many thanks for your work!
If it is possible, recommendations on layouts can be added. Some of them are
explained in KDE Tutorial:
https://techbase.kde.org/Development/Tutorials/Localization/i18n_Mistakes
Best regards,
Yuri
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