Hello all, I have the Russian Word (taken as example): *Основное*
that is encoded as UTF-8 by axis as: Основное (a) I may transmit this kind of information in a XML well formed packet using axis 1.4 after a client request from the server to the client again. There is no problem. The deserialization works perfectly. However if I try to transmit applying wss4j with encryption signature and timestamp the following error arises: org.apache.xml.security.encryption.XMLEncryptionException: An invalid XML character (Unicode: 0x1e) was found in the element content of the document. Therefore in order to avoid invalid characters in the packet I decide then to escape all XML chars using org.apache.commons.lang.StringEscapeUtils.escapeXML [1] In the client in order to recover the original world I decide to do an unescapeXML [1], which gives this Unicode string: Основное (b) First, it should be concluded that I am not getting the same Unicode string as at the beginning (a) where [(a) != (b)] I was then wondering what kind of encoding I got. I looked at this web site http://2cyr.com/decode/?lang=en to understand more and it looks like I got windows-1251 (see [2]) that can be displayed in a browser as encoding="iso8859-1". *My question is: Why didn't i get UTF-8 and how is it possible I got (b) ?????* Thank you for your reading and any comments you might have. José Ferreiro Many thanks to Martin Gainty and Ognjen Blagojevic for already commeting and helping in another thread I posted. [1] - http://commons.apache.org/lang/api-release/org/apache/commons/lang/StringEscapeUtils.html [2] - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP1251 PS: Thanks to Martin and -- José Ferreiro MSc in Communication Systems, EPFL.
