Dari millist sebelah, semoga bermanfaat.

Fera <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:Saya juga baru tau ada sindrom ini, jadi ini 
hanya info buat semuanya.


dari medicastore.com :

NAMA
Sindroma Kawasaki

DEFINISI

Sindroma Kawasaki (Sindroma Kelenjar Getah Bening Mukokutaneus, 
Poliarteritis Infantil) adalah suatu penyakit non-spesifik, tanpa agen 
infeksius tertentu, yang menyerang selaput lendir, kelenjar getah bening, 
lapisan pembuluh darah dan jantung.

PENYEBAB

Penyebabnya tidak diketahui.Sindroma Kawasaki pertama kali ditemukan di 
Jepang pada akhir tahun 1960. Penyakit ini menyerang anak berumur 2 bulan 
sampai 5 tahun dan 2 kali lebih sering ditemukan pada anak laki-laki.

GEJALA

Gejalanya berupa:

- Demam yang turun-naik, tetapi biasanya diatas 39° Celsius, sifatnya 
menetap (lebih dari 5 hari) dan tidak memberikan respon terhadap 
asetaminofen maupun ibuprofen dalam dosis normal

- Rewel, tampak mengantuk

- Kadang timbul nyeri kram perut

- Ruam kulit di batang tubuh dan di sekeliling daerah yang tertutup popok

- Ruam pada selaput lendir (misalnya lapisan mulut dan vagina)

- Tenggorokan tampak merah

- Bibir merah, kering dan pecah-pecah

- Lidah tampak merah (strawberry-red tongue)

- Kedua mata menjadi merah, tanpa disertai keluarnya kotoran

- Telapak tangan dan telapak kaki tampak merah, tangan dan kaki membengkak

- Kulit pada jari tangan dan jari kaki mengelupas (pada hari ke 10-20)

- Pembengkakan kelenjar getah bening leher

- Nyeri persendian (atralgia) dan pembengkakan, seringkali simetris

(pada sisi tubuh kiri dan kanan).

KOMPLIKASI

Sekitar 5-20% penderita mengalami komplikasi jantung, yang biasanya

timbul pada minggu ke 2-4:

· Peradangan arteri koroner (arteri yang membawa darah ke jantung)

· Aneurisma (pelebaran bagian dari arteri koroner)

· Perikarditis (peradangan kantung jantung)

· Miokarditis akut (peradangan otot jantung)

· Gagal jantung

· Kematian otot jantung (infark miokardium).

Komplikasi lainnya:

· Ruam yang tidak biasa uveitis anterior)

· Nyeri atau peradangan sendi (terutama sendi-sendi yang kecil)

· Peradangan non-infeksius pada selaput otak (meningitis aseptik)

· Peradangan kandung empedu

· Diare.

DIAGNOSA

Diagnosis ditegakkan jika terjadi demam selama lebih dari 5 hari dan 
ditemukan 4 dari 5 gambaran berikut:

- Ruam kulit

- Alat gerak (lengan dan tungkai ) merah dan membengkak

- Mata merah

- Perubahan pada bibir dan mulut

- Pembengkakan kelenjar getah bening.

Pemeriksaan yang biasa dilakukan:

· EKG dan ekokardiografi, bisa menunjukkan tanda-tanda dari miokarditis, 
perikarditis, artritis, meningitis aseptik atau vaskulitis

koroner

· Hitung darah lengkap (menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah sel darah putih dan 
anemia (berkurangnya jumlah sel darah merah); pemeriksaan darah

berikutnya menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah trombosit

· Rontgen dada

· Analisa air kemih (bisa menunjukkan adanya nanah atau protein dalam

air kemih).

PENGOBATAN

Pengobatan dini secara berarti dapat mengurangi resiko terjadinya kerusakan 
pada arteri koroner dan mempercepat pemulihan demam, ruam dan rasa

tidak nyaman. Selama 1-4 hari diberikan immunoglobulin dosis tinggi melalui 
infus dan aspirin dosis tinggi melalui mulut. Setelah demam turun, biasanya

aspirin dalam dosis yang lebih rendah diberikan selama beberapa bulan untuk 
mengurangi resiko kerusakan arteri koroner dan pembentukan bekuan darah.

Dilakukan beberapa kali pemeriksaan EKG untuk mendeteksi adanya komplikasi 
jantung.

Aneurisma yang besar diobati dengan aspirin dan obat anti pembekuan 
(misalnya warfarin). Aneurisma yang kecil cukup diatasi dengan aspirin.

Jika anak menderita influenza atau cacar air, untuk mengurangi resiko 
terjadinya sindroma Reye, sebaiknya untuk sementara waktu diberikan

dipiridamol, bukan aspirin.



PROGNOSIS

Jika tidak terjadi komplikasi jantung, biasanya akan terjadi pemulihan 
sempurna. Sekitar 1-2% penderita meninggal, biasanya akibat komplikasi 
jantung; 50% diantaranya meninggal pada bulan pertama, 75% meninggal pada 
bulan kedua, 95% meninggal pada bulan keenam. Tetapi kematian bisa terjadi 
10 tahun kemudian dan kadang secara tiba-tiba.

Aneurisma yang kecil cenderung menghilang dalam waktu 1 tahun, tetapi arteri 
koroner tetap lemah sehingga beberapa tahun kemudian timbul kelainan 
jantung.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

-----Original Message-----

From: Patricia Soetjipto [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]

Sent: Wednesday, September 29, 2004 3:11 PM




Kawazaki pertama kali ditemukan tahun 1967. Ini saya postkan artikelnya dari

www.americanheart.org:

Kawasaki Disease

What is Kawasaki disease?

Kawasaki (KAH'wah-SAH'ke) disease is a children's illness. It's also known 
as Kawasaki syndrome or mucocutaneous (mu"ko-ku-TA'ne-us) lymph node 
syndrome. It and acute rheumatic (roo-MAT'ik) fever are the two leading 
causes of acquired heart disease in children in the United States.

Who gets Kawasaki disease?

About 80 percent of the people with Kawasaki disease are under age five. 
Children over age eight are rarely affected. The disease occurs more often 
among boys (63 percent) and among those of Asian ancestry. But it can occur 
in every racial and ethnic group. Up to 2,500 cases of Kawasaki disease are 
being diagnosed annually in the United States. Less than 1 percent of those 
who get it die.

What happens to those with Kawasaki disease?

The symptoms of Kawasaki disease include...

fever, rash

swollen hands and feet

irritation and redness of the whites of the eyes

swollen lymph glands in the neck

irritation and inflammation of the mouth, lips and throat

Doctors don't know what causes Kawasaki disease, but it doesn't seem to be 
hereditary or contagious. Scientists who've studied it think the evidence 
strongly suggests it's caused by an infectious agent such as a virus. It's 
very rare for more than one child in a family to develop Kawasaki disease. 
Less than 2 percent of children have another attack of Kawasaki disease. In 
as many as 20 percent of the children with Kawasaki disease, the heart is 
affected. The coronary arteries or the heart muscle itself can be damaged.

How does Kawasaki disease affect the heart?

The coronary arteries are most often affected. Part of a coronary wall can 
be weakened and balloon (bulge out) in an aneurysm. A blood clot can form in 
this weakened area and block the artery, sometimes leading to a heart 
attack. The aneurysm can also burst, but this rarely happens. Other changes 
include inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis) or the sac 
surrounding the heart (pericarditis). Arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms) 
or abnormal functioning of some heart valves also can occur.

Usually all the heart problems go away in five or six weeks, and there's no 
lasting damage. Sometimes coronary artery damage persists, however.

An arrhythmia or damaged heart muscle can be detected using an 
electrocardiogram (EKG). An echocardiogram (or "echo") is used to look for 
possible damage to the heart or coronary arteries.

How is Kawasaki disease treated?

Even though the cause of Kawasaki disease is unknown, certain medicines are 
known to help. Aspirin is often used to reduce fever, rash, joint 
inflammation and pain, and to help prevent blood clots from forming. Another 
medicine, intravenous gamma globulin, can decrease the risk of developing 
coronary artery abnormalities when given early in the illness.




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please advise the sender and delete this e-mail.


TIME Vision :
To be a well respected Indonesian company that delivers the widest range
of leading international brands of timepieces, lifestyle products and services.

TIME Mission :
We offer excellent products and services to satisfy our
customers and partners, while enhancing our employees' well
being as well as contributing to society.

Disclaimer.
This e-mail is confidential and legally privileged. If you are not the intended 
recipient, 
please advise the sender and delete this e-mail.


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