---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: gendi <gen...@gmail.com> Date: 2007/9/12 Subject: Re: [sehat] Urgent, Please help Cacar Air...!! To: se...@yahoogroups.com
mba, cacar air justru menular sebelum gejalanya keluar. jadi kalau mengkarantina adiknya mba sekarang untuk mencegah penularan bisa diblang terlambat yah dan tidak banyak membantu. umumnya cacar air pd anak2 ringan. beda dgn dewasa dimana komplikasinya cenderung lebih parah. saya sudah merasakannya sendiri. wuih sakit kepalanya amat sangat deh.... tapi mba jangan lupa dengan kondisi adiknya yah, jangan dicuekin :)....kalau badan terasa sakit, minum saja parasetamol, misalnya panadol. semoga cepat sembuh yah. dibawah saya copy artikel dr mayoclinic.com Regards, Gendi J - Father of 2 *Chickenpox* By Mayo Clinic staff *Overview* Chickenpox was once considered a rite of passage for most children. Before 1995 — when a vaccine for chickenpox became available in the United States — about 4 million Americans, mostly children, contracted chickenpox each year. Thanks to the vaccine, that number is down about 80 percent. However, when chickenpox does occur, it's highly contagious among people who aren't immune. This red, itchy rash is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is part of a group of viruses called herpes viruses. It spreads easily from person to person through the air and physical contact. Most people think of chickenpox as a mild disease — and, for most, it is. Chickenpox usually lasts two weeks or less and rarely causes complications. But the disease can be serious, even in healthy children. Before the chickenpox vaccine became part of the regular childhood immunization schedule, the virus caused about 11,000 hospitalizations and 100 deaths in the United States each year. There's no way to know which child or adult will develop a severe case. However, the chickenpox vaccine is the safest, most effective way to prevent chickenpox and its possible complications. In the small number of cases when the vaccine doesn't stop chickenpox completely, the resulting infection is much milder than the infections that put most U.S. children into bed for a week years ago. [image: Chickenpox] Chickenpox consists of an itchy, red rash that breaks out on the face, scalp, chest, back and, to a lesser extent, arms and legs. The spots quickly fill with a clear fluid, rupture and then turn crusty. *Signs and symptoms* The best-known sign of chickenpox is a red, itchy rash that breaks out on the face, scalp, chest and back, but it can spread across the entire body, even into the throat, eye and vagina. The chickenpox rash usually appears less than two weeks after exposure to the virus and begins as superficial spots. These spots quickly turn into small blisters that break open and crust over. New spots continue to appear for several days and may number in the hundreds. Itching may range from mild to intense. The rash may be preceded by or accompanied by: * Fever * Stomachache or loss of appetite * Mild headache * General feeling of unease and discomfort (malaise) or irritability In healthy children, the disease is generally mild. Chickenpox is highly contagious to people not immune to it and spreads quickly in child-care facilities, schools and within families. The virus is transmitted by direct contact with the rash or by droplets dispersed into the air by coughing or sneezing. A person who has chickenpox can transmit the virus for up to 48 hours before the telltale rash appears and remains contagious until all spots crust over. People who've been vaccinated against chickenpox are usually immune to the virus. The same is true of anyone who has had chickenpox in the past. People at risk of contracting chickenpox include anyone who hasn't been vaccinated or who has never had the disease. *When to seek medical advice* If you suspect that you or your child has chickenpox, consult your family doctor. He or she can easily diagnose chickenpox by examining the characteristic rash and by noting the presence of accompanying symptoms. Your doctor can also prescribe medications to lessen the severity of disease and treat complications, if necessary. Be sure to call ahead for an appointment, before bringing a child with chickenpox into a crowded waiting room and possibly infecting more children. Also, be sure to let your doctor know if any of these complications occur: * The rash spreads to the eye. * The rash gets very red, warm or tender, indicating a possible skin infection. * The rash is accompanied by dizziness, disorientation, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, tremors, loss of muscle coordination, worsening cough, vomiting, stiff neck or a fever higher than 103 F. *Complications* Chickenpox is normally a mild disease. But it can be serious and can lead to complications, especially in these high-risk groups: * Newborns and infants * Teenagers * Adults * Pregnant women * People whose immune systems are impaired by another disease or condition * People who are taking steroid medications for another disease or condition, such as children with asthma The most common complication of chickenpox is a bacterial infection of the skin. Chickenpox may also lead to pneumonia or an inflammation of the brain (encephalitis), both of which can be very serious if not treated. Anyone who has had chickenpox as a child is also at risk for a latent illness called shingles. After an infection, some of the varicella-zoster virus may remain in your nerve cells. Many years later, the virus can reactivate and resurface as shingles — a painful band of short-lived blisters. About one in ten adults who've had chickenpox experience shingles. The virus is more likely to reappear in older adults and people with weakened immune systems. Shingles can lead to its own complication — a condition in which the pain of shingles persists long after the blisters disappear. This complication, called postherpetic neuralgia, can be severe. Other complications of chickenpox affect pregnant women. Chickenpox early on in pregnancy can result in a variety of problems in a newborn, including low birth weight and birth defects, such as limb abnormalities. A greater threat to a baby occurs when the mother develops chickenpox in the week before birth. Then it can cause a serious, life-threatening infection in a newborn. If you're pregnant and aren't immune to chickenpox, talk to your doctor about the risks to you and your unborn child. *Treatment* In otherwise healthy children, chickenpox typically requires no medical treatment. Your doctor may prescribe an antihistamine to relieve itching. But for the most part, the disease is allowed to run its course. For people who have a high risk of complications from chickenpox, doctors sometimes prescribe medications to shorten the duration of the infection and to help reduce the risk of complications. If you or your child falls into a high-risk group, your doctor may suggest an antiviral drug such as acyclovir (Zovirax) or another drug called varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG), which contains antibodies to the chickenpox virus. In some cases, your doctor may also recommend getting the chickenpox vaccine after exposure to the virus. This can prevent the virus or lessen its severity. If complications do develop, doctors treat those by type. Treatment for skin infections and pneumonia may be with antibiotics. Treatment for encephalitis is usually with antiviral drugs. Hospitalization may be necessary. Don't give anyone with chickenpox — child or adult — any medicine containing aspirin because this combination has been associated with a disease called Reye's syndrome. *Prevention* The chickenpox (varicella) vaccine is the best way to prevent chickenpox. Experts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that the vaccine provides complete protection from the virus for 80 percent to 90 percent of people who receive it. When the vaccine doesn't provide complete protection, it significantly lessens the severity of the disease. The chickenpox vaccine (Varivax) is recommended for: * Young children. In the United States, children receive one dose of the varicella vaccine between 12 and 18 months of age, as part of a routine immunization schedule. * Unvaccinated older children. Children between 19 months and 13 years of age who haven't had chickenpox should also receive one dose of the vaccine. * Unvaccinated adults who've never had chickenpox but are at high risk of exposure. This includes health care workers, teachers, child-care employees, international travelers, adults who live with young children and all women of childbearing age. Adults and children older than 13 who've never had chickenpox or been vaccinated usually receive two doses of the vaccine, four to eight weeks apart. If you don't remember whether you've had chickenpox or the vaccine, a blood test can determine your immunity. If you've had chickenpox, you don't need the vaccine. A case of the chickenpox usually makes a person immune to the virus for life. It's possible to get chickenpox more than once, but it's not common. The vaccine isn't approved for: * Pregnant women * People with weakened immunity * People who are allergic to gelatin or the antibiotic neomycin Talk to your doctor if you're unsure about your need for the vaccine. If you're planning on becoming pregnant, consult with your doctor to make sure you're up-to-date on your vaccinations before conceiving a child. Is it safe and effective? Parents typically wonder whether vaccines are safe. Since it became available, this vaccine has been given to millions of people. Studies continue to show the vaccine to be safe and effective. Side effects are generally mild and include redness, soreness, swelling and, rarely, small bumps at the site of the shot. Experts believe that protection from the chickenpox vaccine will last at least 10 to 20 years and perhaps longer, but it's too early to tell whether a booster shot may be necessary later in life. Some vaccines require booster doses. Time and study will tell if Varivax is one of them. *Self-care* To help ease the symptoms of an uncomplicated case of chickenpox, follow these simple self-care measures: * Don't scratch. Scratching can cause scarring, slow down the healing process and increase the risk that the sores will become infected. If your child can't seem to stop scratching, put gloves on his or her hands, especially at night. And trim his or her fingernails to lessen the amount of damage that can be done. If itching is particularly severe or irritating, talk to your doctor about prescribing an over-the-counter antihistamine for relief. * Take to the tub. Cool baths can help relieve itching and provide a playful diversion for a young child. For added relief, sprinkle the bath water with baking soda, uncooked oatmeal or colloidal oatmeal — a finely ground oatmeal that is made for the tub, not the stove. * Apply lotion. Dabbing the spots with calamine lotion may help relieve the itching. * Try bed and a bland diet. Getting plenty of rest can help beat any infection. Soft, bland foods can also be helpful if chickenpox sores develop in the mouth. Spicy, acidic or hard and crunchy foods can be irritating to mouth sores. * Treat a fever. Acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) won't cure chickenpox, but they can lower a mild fever. Don't give aspirin to anyone with chickenpox because it can lead to a serious disease called Reye's syndrome. And don't try to treat a high fever without consulting your doctor. -------------------------------------------------------------- Info tanaman hias: http://www.toekangkeboen.com Info balita: http://www.balita-anda.com Peraturan milis, email ke: peraturan_mi...@balita-anda.com menghubungi admin, email ke: balita-anda-ow...@balita-anda.com
