This is a response to last week's question on how to extract bits out
of a string of bytes.
Assume $packet is a string of 8 bytes.
To extract the second byte:
$second = unpack ('C', substr($packet, 1, 1));
To extract the last four bytes
$last_four = unpack ('N', substr($packet, 4, 4));
To extract the first two:
$first_two = unpack ('n', substr($packet, 0, 2));
To extract the first four bits from the second byte:
$first_four_bits = int (unpack ('C', substr($packet, 1, 1)) / 16);
To extract the second four bits from the second byte:
$second_four_bits = (unpack ('C', substr($packet, 1, 1)) % 16);
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