>> Apologies if I misunderstood your setup. I’ve also encountered memory issues in recent BIND versions — BIND 9.18.33 on Debian 12 is a tremendous beast, capable of handling millions of QPS — but after reducing logging (including DNSTAP) and disabling serve-stale, I saw a significant improvement in both performance and memory usage.
Sorry, there's 295,108 hosts I'm serving up as 127.0.0.1 (for ad blocking). I zipped my entire /etc/bind directory (which includes all configs). It's available to download here: https://dinofly.com/files/linux/bind/bind_config_9.20_out_of_memory_bind_9.18_fine.zip
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