Thread Count (TPI)

TPI stands for Threads Per Inch. This is simply a count of the number of 
threads per inch measured along the length of a fastener. TPI is used only with
American fasteners. Metric Fasteners use a thread Pitch (see below). In general 
smaller fasteners have finer threads, so the thread count is higher. 

Thread Pitch

Metric fasteners are specified with a thread pitch instead of a thread count. 
The thread pitch is the distance between threads expressed in millimeters
(measured along the length of the fastener). For example a thread pitch of 1.5 
means that the distance between one thread and the next is 1.5mm. In general
smaller fasteners have finer thread so they have lower thread pitch. 

Measuring Thread Count and Thread Pitch

Thread count or pitch is normally measured using a Thread Gauge.
US Threads Per Inch Table

Threads Per Inch (TPI)
 
Coarse Thread
UNC
Fine Thread
UNF
#2
56
-
#3
48
-
#4
40
-
#5
40
-
#6
32
-
#8
32
-
#10
24
32
#12
24
-
1/4
20
28
5/16
18
24
3/8
16
24
7/16
14
20
1/2
13
20
9/16
12
18
5/8
11
18
3/4
10
16
7/8
9
14
1
8
12*
1-1/8
7
12
1-1/4
7
12
1-1/2
6
12
* 12tpi is the UNF standard however 14tpi is far more common in actual use. 
Metric Thread Pitch Table

Table with 5 columns and 16 rows
Bolt
Diameter
Thread Pitch
 
Standard
Fine
Extra or Super Fine
JIS
2
.4
-
-
.4
2.5
.45
-
-
.45
3
.5
-
-
.5
4
.7
-
-
.7
5
.8
-
-
.8
6
1.0
-
-
1.0
7
1.0
-
-
1.0
8
1.25
1
-
1.0
10
1.5
1.25
1
1.25
12
1.75
1.5
1.25
1.25
14
2
1.5
-
1.5
16
2
-
-
1.5
18
2.5
-
-
1.5
20
2.5
-
-
1.5

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