Thursday, April 08, 2010
"Development" does not justify land grabs
Clash between police and residents during an attempt of forced eviction in
Kampong Speu (Photo: Uon Chhin, RFA)
THE VIETNAMESE RUNNING CAMBODIA(1979-2010) &: HUMAN RIGHT VIOLATION BY VIETNAM
Ty Sokun(VIETNAMESE ) (Photo: The Phnom Penh Post)
Wednesday, 07 April 2010
Cheang Sokha and Chhay Channyda
The Phnom Penh Post
PRIME Minister Hun Sen announced Tuesday that Ty Sokun, director of the
Forestry Administration,
UN Passes Strong Resolution on Cambodia Human Rights Abuses
Feb. 27, 1982 : UN Commission on Human Rights meeting in Geneva adopted a
resolution condemning Vietnam's occupation of Cambodia as a violation of
Cambodian human rights. The vote was 28 in favor, 8 against, and 5 abstentions.
Oct. 21, 1986 The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution A/RES/41/6, by vote
of 116-21 with 13 abstentions, calling for a withdrawal of Vietnamese forces
from Cambodia.
April 08, 2010
By Chak Sopheap
Guest Commentary UPI Asia Online
Niigata, Japan — The problem of forced evictions and land grabs is growing
worse in Cambodia, leading to violence due to deep dissatisfaction over
existing resettlement schemes. Some 133,000 residents of Phnom Penh, or 11
percent of the city’s population of 1.2 million, have been evicted since 1990.
According to Amnesty International, there were 27 instances of forced urban
evictions reported in 2008, affecting some 23,000 people. A further 150,000 are
currently at risk of eviction, including approximately 70,000 in Phnom Penh.
Amnesty International reported that several urban communities had been evicted
from their homes and relocated to areas that lacked the most basic
infrastructure. Other communities facing eviction orders are crying out for
legal and humanitarian support from the government and civil society groups.
This phenomenon is not unique to Cambodia; it occurs in both developed and
developing countries where poor communities or informal settlements and slums
are often targeted. People are evicted to make way for development and
infrastructure projects, large international events like the Olympic games and
urban redevelopment and beautification initiatives. Sometimes political
conflict, ethnic cleansing and war are factors. However, “development” is the
most common justification in all countries, including Cambodia.
Surprisingly, almost all regions have experienced forced evictions including
Africa, Europe, the Americas and the Asia-Pacific region. According to a global
survey by the Center on Housing Rights and Evictions, covering 80 countries
from 1998 to 2008, more than 18 million people were victims of forced
evictions. Of this number, 47 percent occurred in Asia and the Pacific,
followed by 44 percent in Africa, 8 percent in the Americas and 1 percent in
Europe. The data showed that nearly 2 million people face eviction annually.
Cambodia ranks first among Asian countries in the number of evictions. These
occur because of five key factors: 1) illegal construction and occupation of
the land; 2) city development and beautification; 3) property market forces,
gentrification and private development; 4) the granting of economic land
concessions; and 5) the granting of social land concessions.
While the government justifies evictions for the sake of beautifying and
developing the cities, there are many eviction cases where violence and legal
abuses have occurred while little or no actual development has taken place.
Strikingly, most of the areas that have been cleared to make way for
development projects have been turned over to private companies owned or
chaired by high-ranking officials and affiliated powerful businessmen.
Many areas cleared for the sake of “development” are yet to be developed. For
example, the Sombok Chap area, from which more than 6,000 people were evicted
in 2006, is still undeveloped. The same is true of the Monivong Hospital site,
from which 168 families were forcibly evicted to make way for commercial
development. This area is now being used for a parking lot and carwash.
There have been a few model resettlement cases, like that of Veng Sreng, where
people were given enough time and allowed to choose their place of relocation.
In this case there was close collaboration among the authorities, the community
and local and international organizations in planning and coordinating a
resettlement scheme. This positive approach meets the needs of the people and
the government, while addressing the government poverty reduction program and
advancing the millennium development goals.
In cases where the government urgently needs an area for development or
investment projects, this model should be applied so that human security risks
are avoided. The government’s current pursuit of development has often brought
legal abuses and violations of peoples’ rights and produced little or no actual
development. Thus it is important that the government reevaluate its
development criteria.
Different people may define development differently. In traditional economic
terms, it is strictly based on the capacity of a national economy valued in
terms of gross national product. However, development as introduced by Michael.
Todaro and Stepen C. Smith must “represent the whole gamut of change by which
an entire social system, tuned to the diverse basic needs and desires of
individuals and social groups within that system, moves away from a condition
of life widely perceived as unsatisfactory toward a situation or condition of
life regarded as materially and spiritually better.”
This concept includes three basic components of development: 1) Sustenance, or
meeting basic needs including food, shelter, health and protection; 2)
Self-esteem, or a sense of worth and self-respect; and 3) Freedom from
servitude, including access to choices with minimal external constraints.
Based on these criteria, development must bring about certain goals. It must
increase sustenance or life-sustaining goods including food, shelter, health
and protection. It must raise living standards including the provision of more
jobs, better education and greater attention to cultural and human values,
contributing to greater individual and national self-esteem. And it must expand
the range of economic and social choices.
In this context, the Cambodian and other governments that justify forced
evictions for the sake of “national development” must reevaluate their
development agenda in order to faithfully address the core values and
objectives of development.
--
(Chak Sopheap is a graduate student of peace studies at the International
University of Japan. She runs a blog, www.sopheapfocus.com, in which she shares
her impressions of both Japan and her homeland, Cambodia. She was previously
advocacy officer of the Cambodian Center for Human Rights.)
Kaing Kek Iev, aka Duch, was arrested in 1999. According to the Morphology
study on race and forensic data analysis ,Kaing Kek Iev, aka Duch is A
VIETNAMESE.
100 TORTURE CENTERS across CAMBODIA.
Vietnam's occupation of Cambodia 1979-1989 under Le Duc Tho rule.
An estimated 460 000 innocent Cambodians died , killed , tortured, etc...
100 Torture centers were established across Cambodia. (Methods of torture
described to Amnesty International).
Methods of torture described to Amnesty International as being used by the
Vietnamese forces of invasion and occupation of Cambodia under Le Duc Tho's
rule, from 1979-1989, through the CPP/HUN SEN regime.( an estimated 460 000
innocent Cambodians died during that period)
1. Beatings with truncheons, sharp-edged wooden staves, and iron bars and
whippings
with chains and rubber hoses.( Methods of torture described to Amnesty
International)
2. Near-suffocation with plastic bags,( Methods of torture described to Amnesty
International)
3. Near-drowning in vats of water,( Methods of torture described to Amnesty
International(Methods of torture described to Amnesty International)
4. Burial alive, and(Methods of torture described to Amnesty International)
5. Forced ingestion of irritant liquids have also been reported to the
organization ( Amnesty International report)
6. Electric shocks .In addition, former prisoners have testified that their
interrogators administered electric shocks,( Methods of torture described to
Amnesty International)
7.Burned them with hot irons, and (Methods of torture described to Amnesty
International)
8.Forced them into petrol drums, which were then covered and repeatedly struck
from the outside. The high noise level causes pain and disorientation. (Methods
of torture described to Amnesty International).
FOR CAMBODIA ?
Vietnam, has not respected the UN CHARTER, the Paris Peace agreement with the
US .
A.. VIETNAM INVASION AND OCCUPATION OF CAMBODIA 1978-2009.
December 25, 1978 Invasion of Cambodia. Some 100,000 Vietnamese with 20,000
KUFNS troops, under the direction of Gen. Van Tien Dung, launch an invasion of
Cambodia.
B.. CHINESE INVASION OF VIETNAM (SHORT)
Feb.. 17, 1979 "Teaching a lesson". Some 170,000 Chinese troops with 700
warplanes, and 250-300 tanks launched an invasion of Vietnam to punish it for
invading of Cambodia.
THE WORDS OF THE VIETNAMESE ARE PURE LIES : Study these words made by by PHAM
VAN DONG, the Prime Minister of North Vietnam, his public statement, his
promises made to Prince Sihanouk and his orders to launch an invasion of
Cambodia. It reflects the Vietnamese culture of lies. It reflects also the
Vietnamese race and national character based on dishonesty ,deception , and
pure lies. .
VIETNAM WORDS OF LIES :
June 8, 1967 North VN PM Pham Van Dong makes a declaration of recognizing
Cambodian independence, neutrality, sovereignty and territorial integrity. The
declaration makes in response to Prince Sihanouk's appeal for the recognition
and respect of Cambodia��s territorial integrity.
VIETNAM CRIMES AGAINST CAMBODIA : VIETNAM INVASION OF CAMBODIA 1978. Dec. 25,
1978 PM Pham Van Dong launched an invasion of Cambodia. Some 100,000 Vietnamese
with 20,000 KUFNS troops, under the direction of Gen.Van Tien Dung, launch an
invasion of Cambodia.
VIETNAM OCCUPATION OF CAMBODIA :
Under Vietnam occupation of Cambodia in 10 years 1979-1989 :
Under Le Duc Tho rule alone 1979-1989 an estimate 460 000 innocent Cambodian
had died through TORTURE, BURIED ALIVE, SIMPLE EXECUTION, foced labor,famine
,stravation, malnutrition and sponsor starvation by the CPP regime recorded by
Amnestry international and others.
IT CONFIRMS BY THIS BOOK : on the behavior and character of a Vietnamese.
BOOK " GIAI PHONG " by T Terzani.
It describes a Vietnamese as THIEF, A LIAR, A KILLER, A DECEIVER , a sleeper
......
And this proof shows how 116 UN member countries condemned the Vietnamese
leaders as liars.
VIETNAM INVASION & OCCUPATION OF CAMBODIA IS CONDEMNED:
Oct. 21, 1986 The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution A/RES/41/6, by vote
of 116-21 with 13 abstentions, calling for a withdrawal of Vietnamese forces
from Cambodia.
Again Vietnam, has not respected the 10 UN resolutions calling Vietnam to cease
her occupation of Cambodia and remove all her troops from the country.
America too, she sees the Vietnamese leaders as liars expressed in this
statement made by the US President Reagan.
US president Reagan calls Vietnam to restore Cambodia Independence .
President Reagan's address to the 43d Session of the United Nations General
Assembly in New York, New York,September 26, 1988.
"Mr. Secretary-General, there are new hopes for Cambodia, a nation whose
freedom and independence we seek just as avidly as we sought the freedom and
independence of Afghanistan. We urge the rapid removal of all Vietnamese troops
...."
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