On 09/08/2017 01:31 PM, hw wrote:
Mark Haney wrote:
I/O is not heavy in that sense, that´s why I said that´s not the
application.
There is I/O which, as tests have shown, benefits greatly from low
latency, which
is where the idea to use SSDs for the relevant data has arisen from.
This I/O
only involves a small amount of data and is not sustained over long
periods of time.
What exactly the problem is with the application being slow with
spinning disks is
unknown because I don´t have the sources, and the maker of the
application refuses
to deal with the problem entirely.
Since the data requiring low latency will occupy about 5% of the
available space on
the SSDs and since they are large enough to hold the mail spool for
about 10 years at
its current rate of growth besides that data, these SSDs could be well
used to hold
that mail spool.
See, this is the kind of information that would have made this thread
far shorter. (Maybe.) The one thing that you didn't explain is whether
this application is the one /using/ the mail spool or if you're adding
Cyrus to that system to be a mail server.
BTRFS isn't going to impact I/O any more significantly than, say, XFS.
But mdadm does, the impact is severe. I know there are ppl saying
otherwise,
but I´ve seen the impact myself, and I definitely don´t want it on that
particular server because it would likely interfere with other
services. I don´t
know if the software RAID of btrfs is better in that or not, though,
but I´m
seeing btrfs on SSDs being fast, and testing with the particular
application has
shown a speedup of factor 20--30.
I never said anything about MD RAID. I trust that about as far as I
could throw it. And having had 5 surgeries on my throwing shoulder
wouldn't be far.
How else would I create a RAID with these SSDs?
I´ve been using md-RAID for years, and it always worked fine.
That is the crucial improvement. If the hardware RAID delivers
that, I´ll use
that and probably remove the SSDs from the machine as it wouldn´t
even make sense
to put temporary data onto them because that would involve software
RAID.
Again, if the idea is to have fast primary storage, there are pretty
large SSDs available now and I've hardware RAIDED SSDs before without
trouble, though not for any heavy lifting, it's my test servers at
home. Without an idea of the expected mail traffic, this is all
speculation.
The SSDs don´t need to be large, and they aren´t. They are already
greatly oversized at
512GB nominal capacity.
There´s only a few hundred emails per day. There is no special
requirement for their
storage, but there is a lot of free space on these SSDs, and since the
email traffic is
mostly read-only, it won´t wear out the SSDs. It simply would make
sense to put the
mail spool onto these SSDs.
It does have serious stability/data integrity issues that XFS
doesn't have. There's no reason not to use SSDs for storage of
immediate data and mechanical drives for archival data storage.
As for VMs we run a huge Zimbra cluster in VMs on VPC with large
primary SSD volumes and even larger (and slower) secondary volumes
for archived mail. It's all CentOS 6 and works very well. We
process 600 million emails a month on that virtual cluster. All
EXT4 inside LVM.
Do you use hardware RAID with SSDs?
We do not here where I work, but that was setup LONG before I arrived.
Probably with the very expensive SSDs suited for this ...
Possibly, but that's somewhat irrelevant. I've taken off the shelf SSDs
and hardware RAID'd them. If they work for the hell I put them through
(processing weather data), they'll work for the type of service you're
saying you have.
If the SSDs you have aren't suitable for hardware RAID, then they
aren't good for production level mail spools, IMHO. I mean, you're
talking like you're expecting a metric buttload of mail traffic, so
it stands to reason you'll need really beefy hardware. I don't think
you can do what you seem to need on budget hardware. Personally, and
solely based on this thread alone, if I was building this in-house,
I'd get a decent server cluster together and build a FC or iSCSI SAN
to a Nimble storage array with Flash/SSD front ends and large HDDs in
the back end. This solves virtually all your problems. The servers
will have tiny SSD boot drives (which I prefer over booting from the
SAN) and then everything else gets handled by the storage back-end.
If SSDs not suitable for RAID usage aren´t suitable for production
use, then basically
all SSDs not suitable for RAID usage are SSDs that can´t be used for
anything that
requires something less volatile than a ramdisk. Experience with such
SSDs contradicts
this so far.
Not true at all. Maybe 5 years ago SSDs were hit or miss with hardware
RAID. Not anymore. It's just another drive to the system, the
controllers don't know the difference between a SATA HDD and a SATA SSD.
Couple that with the low volume of mail, and you should be fine for HW
RAID.
There is no "storage backend" but a file server, which, instead of
99.95% idling, is
being asisgned additional tasks, and since it is difficult to put a
cyrus mail spool
on remote storage, the email server is one of these tasks.
Again, you never mentioned the volume of mail expected, and your
previous threads seemed to indicate you were expecting enough to cause
issues with SSDs and BTRFS.
In IT when we get a 'my printer is broken', we ask for more info since
that's not descriptive enough. If this server as is asleep and you
(now) make it sound, BTRFS might be fine. Though, personally, I'd avoid
it regardless.
In effect this is how our mail servers are setup here. And they are
virtual.
You have entirely different requirements.
I know that now. Previously, you made it sound the your mail flow would
be a lot closer to 'heavy' than what you've finally described. I can
only offer thoughts based on what information I'm given.
I stay away from LVM because that just sucks. It wouldn´t even have
any advantage
in this case.
LVM is a joke. It's always been something I've avoided like the plague.
I´ve also avoided it until I had an application where it would have
been advantageous
if it actually provided the benefits it seems supposed to provide. It
turned out that
it didn´t and only made things much worse, and I continue to stay away
from it.
After all, you´re saying it´s a bad idea to use these SSDs, especially
with btrfs.
I don´t feel good about it, either, and I´ll try to avoid using them.
No, I'm not saying not to use your SSDs. I'm saying that BTRFS is not
worth using in any server. The SSD question, prompted by you, was
whether the SSDs could:
1) be hardware RAID'd
2) handle the load of mail you were expecting.
512GB SSDs are new enough to probably be HW RAID'd fine, assuming they
are weird ones from a third party no one has really heard of. I know
because my last company bought some inexpensive (I call them knockoffs)
third party SSDs that were utter crap from the moment an OS was
installed on them.
If yours are from Seagate, WG, or other bigname drive maker, I would be
surprised if they choked being on a hardware RAID card. A setup like
yours doesn't appear to need 'Enterprise' level hardware, SMB hardware
appears would work for you just as well.
Just not with BTRFS. On any drive. Ever.
--
Mark Haney
Network Engineer at NeoNova
919-460-3330 option 1
mark.ha...@neonova.net
www.neonova.net
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