Dear Burkhardt and Martin I think these names are fine. I agree with providing names for graupel, hail and graupel_and_hail, so that people have a choice about how specific to be. Thanks.
Best wishes Jonathan ----- Forwarded message from Burkhardt Rockel <roc...@me.com> ----- > Date: Thu, 5 Apr 2018 16:50:03 +0200 > From: Burkhardt Rockel <roc...@me.com> > To: Martin Juckes - UKRI STFC <martin.juc...@stfc.ac.uk> > CC: "cf-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu" <cf-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu> > Subject: Re: [CF-metadata] Proposal for new standard names > X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3445.6.18) > > Dear Martin, > > here comes the next iteration. For completeness I added also the > X_fall_amount and X_fall_fluxes by using rainfall and snowfall as templates. > > Regards > Burkhardt > > > atmosphere_mass_content_of_graupel > units: kg m-2 > "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a > quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the > atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, > standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Graupel > consists of heavily rimed snow particles, often called snow pellets; often > indistinguishable from very small soft hail except when the size convention > that hail must have a diameter greater than 5 mm is adopted. Reference: > American Meteorological Society Glossary > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel > <http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel>. > > atmosphere_mass_content_of_hail > units: kg m-2 > "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a > quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the > atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, > standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Hail is > precipitation in the form of balls or irregular lumps of ice, often > restricted by a size convention to diameters of 5mm or more. Reference: > American Meteorological Society Glossary > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail > <http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail> . > > atmosphere_mass_content_of_graupel_and_hail > units: kg m-2 > "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a > quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the > atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, > standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. > > mass_fraction_of_hail_in_air > units: 1 > Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is > a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass > of Y (including X). Hail is precipitation in the form of balls or irregular > lumps of ice, often restricted by a size convention to diameters of 5mm or > more. Reference: American Meteorological Society Glossary > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail > <http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail> . > > mass_fraction_of_graupel_and_hail_in_air > units: 1 > Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is > a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass > of Y (including X). > > hail_fall_amount > units: kg m-2 > "Amount" means mass per unit area. Hail is precipitation in the form of > balls or irregular lumps of ice, often restricted by a size convention to > diameters of 5mm or more. Reference: American Meteorological Society Glossary > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail > <http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail> . > > graupel_and_hail_fall_amount > units: kg m-2 > "Amount" means mass per unit area. > > graupel_fall_flux > units: kg m-2 > In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies > per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. Graupel consists of heavily > rimed snow particles, often called snow pellets; often indistinguishable from > very small soft hail except when the size convention that hail must have a > diameter greater than 5 mm is adopted. Reference: American Meteorological > Society Glossary http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel > <http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel>. > > hail_fall_flux > units: kg m-2 > In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies > per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. Hail is precipitation in the > form of balls or irregular lumps of ice, often restricted by a size > convention to diameters of 5mm or more. Reference: American Meteorological > Society Glossary http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail <http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail> > . > > graupel_and_hail_fall_flux > units: kg m-2 > In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, "flux" implies > per unit area, called "flux density" in physics. > > > > > > Am 05.04.2018 um 16:16 schrieb Martin Juckes - UKRI STFC > > <martin.juc...@stfc.ac.uk>: > > > > Dear Burkhardt, > > > > > > We could have an additional set of standard names: > > > > atmospheric_mass_content_of_graupel_and_hail, and instruct modeling centres > > to use the one which fits their modeling approach. > > > > > > But the UM presentation implies that they have a partition of the solid > > phase between ice, snow and graupel, while the AMS has an additional > > category of "small ice pellets". > > > > > > It may be better to follow a pragmatic approach and relax the 5mm > > specification (especially as the concept of "diameter" is difficult to > > apply to an "irregular lump" of ice): > > > > "Hail is precipitation in the form of balls or irregular lumps of ice, > > often restricted by a size convention to diameters of 5mm or more. > > Reference: American Meteorological Society Glossary > > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail ." > > > > "Graupel consists of heavily rimed snow particles, often called snow > > pellets; often indistinguishable from very small soft hail except when the > > size convention that hail must have a diameter greater than 5 mm is > > adopted. Reference: American Meteorological Society Glossary > > http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel. > > > > > > For CMIP6 we have some quantities which refer to all solid phases of water > > (e.g. in > > http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/pipermail/cf-metadata/2018/059965.html : > > precipitation_flux_of_solid_water_containing_2H) which would presumably be > > snow+graupel+hail+small ice pellets, > > > > > > regards, > > > > Martin > > <http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/pipermail/cf-metadata/2018/059965.html> > > > > > > > > <http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/pipermail/cf-metadata/2018/059965.html> > > > > ________________________________ > > From: Burkhardt Rockel <roc...@me.com> > > Sent: 05 April 2018 14:42:57 > > To: Juckes, Martin (STFC,RAL,RALSP); cf-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu > > Subject: Re: [CF-metadata] Proposal for new standard names > > > > Dear Martin, > > > > thank you for your comments! > > The difference of graupel and hail is mainly by the definition of the size > > as far as I know. Graupel: diameter sizes <5mm ; hail >= 5mm. I guess > > models need to have a two-moment cloud scheme implemented to distinguish > > between graupel and hail. > > In case of single moment schemes which are the general case in most > > atmospheric climate models, there is just one category for graupel+hail (if > > a model provides this at all). From > > http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/~sws00rsp/teaching/nanjing/microphysics.pdf it > > reads that in the UM the graupel+hail is just called graupel. The naming is > > actually the same in the one moment schemes of COSMO-model and WRF. > > I agree with your proposal to extend the description of hail. > > Any idea on how to distinguish between the use of graupel definition in a > > one-moment scheme (graupel includes hail sizes) and in a two moment scheme > > (graupel < 5mm, hail >= 5mm)? > > > > atmosphere_mass_content_of_graupel > > units: kg m-2 > > "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a > > quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the > > atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, > > standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Graupel > > consists of heavily rimed snow particles, often called snow pellets; often > > indistinguishable from very small soft hail except for the size convention > > that hail must have a diameter greater than 5 mm. Reference: American > > Meteorological Society Glossary http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Graupel. > > > > atmosphere_mass_content_of_hail > > units: kg m-2 > > "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a > > quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the > > atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, > > standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. Hail is > > precipitation in the form of balls or irregular lumps of ice with a > > diameter of 5mm or more. Reference: American Meteorological Society > > Glossary http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail . > > > > mass_fraction_of_hail_in_air > > units: 1 > > Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X > > is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the > > mass of Y (including X). > > > > > > Regards > > Burkhardt > > > > > > Am 05.04.2018 um 13:32 schrieb Martin Juckes - UKRI STFC > > <martin.juc...@stfc.ac.uk<mailto:martin.juc...@stfc.ac.uk>>: > > > > Dear Burkhardt, > > > > > > the names look good to me, but I have a question about the precise > > definition of "hail", which has not previously been used in CF standard > > names. The existing name "graupel_fall_amount" cites the AMS definition > > for graupel : "Heavily rimed snow particles, often called snow pellets; > > often indistinguishable from very small soft hail except for the size > > convention that hail must have a diameter greater than 5 mm." The > > corresponding AMS definition for hail is: > > > > Precipitation in the form of balls or irregular lumps of ice, always > > produced by convective clouds, nearly always cumulonimbus. > > > > An individual unit of hail is called a hailstone. By convention, hail has a > > diameter of 5 mm or more, while smaller particles of similar origin, > > formerly called small hail, may be classed as either ice pellets or snow > > pellets. Thunderstorms that are characterized by strong updrafts, large > > liquid water contents, large cloud-drop sizes, and great vertical height > > are favorable to hail formation. The destructive effects of hailstorms upon > > plant and animal life, buildings and property, and aircraft in flight > > render them a prime object of weather modification studies. In aviation > > weather observations, hail is encoded A. > > Is this what you intend with the proposed name, including the fixed size > > threshold of 5mm? I would have considered 4mm diameter balls of ice falling > > out of the sky as hail, but the 5mm rule appears to be part of the > > scientific definition of the term. > > > > If so, we could add an abbreviated form of the AMS definition to the > > standard name descriptions: > > "Hail is precipitation in the form of balls or irregular lumps of ice with > > a diameter of 5mm or more. Reference: American Meteorological Society > > Glossary http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Hail ." > > > > regards, > > Martin > > > > > > ________________________________ > > From: CF-metadata > > <cf-metadata-boun...@cgd.ucar.edu<mailto:cf-metadata-boun...@cgd.ucar.edu>> > > on behalf of Burkhardt Rockel <roc...@me.com<mailto:roc...@me.com>> > > Sent: 04 April 2018 14:13 > > To: cf-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu<mailto:cf-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu> > > Subject: Re: [CF-metadata] Proposal for new standard names > > > > Dear Alison et al. > > > > any progress in putting the below proposed standard names into official CF > > standard name table? > > > > Regards > > Burkhardt > > > > > > Am 30.11.2017 um 19:00 schrieb Jonathan Gregory > > <j.m.greg...@reading.ac.uk<mailto:j.m.greg...@reading.ac.uk>>: > > > > Dear Burkhardt > > > > These fit existing patterns, I believe, so they should be fine. Thanks. > > > > Best wishes > > > > Jonathan > > > > ----- Forwarded message from Burkhardt Rockel > > <roc...@me.com<mailto:roc...@me.com>> ----- > > > > Date: Wed, 29 Nov 2017 14:03:14 +0100 > > From: Burkhardt Rockel <roc...@me.com<mailto:roc...@me.com>> > > To: cf-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu<mailto:cf-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu> > > Subject: [CF-metadata] Proposal for new standard names > > X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3445.4.7) > > > > I propose the following standard names: > > > > atmosphere_mass_content_of_graupel > > units: kg m-2 > > "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a > > quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the > > atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, > > standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. > > > > atmosphere_mass_content_of_hail > > units: kg m-2 > > "Content" indicates a quantity per unit area. The "atmosphere content" of a > > quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the > > atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, > > standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. > > > > mass_fraction_of_hail_in_air > > units: 1 > > Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X > > is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the > > mass of Y (including X). > > > > Regards > > Burkhardt Rockel > > > > > > ----------- > > Dr. Burkhardt Rockel > > Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht > > Institute of Coastal Research / Group Regional Atmospheric Modeling > > Max-Planck-Strasse 1 > > D-21502 Geesthacht > > Germany > > Phone: +49 4152 87 1803 > > Fax: +49 4152 87 4 1803 > > Email: Burkhardt.Rockel (at) hzg.de<http://hzg.de> <http://hzg.de/> > > www: http://rockel.staff.coast.hzg.de <http://rockel.staff.coast.hzg.de/> > > coordinates: 53.40575 N, 10.428697 E > > ----------- > > > > > > > > > > > > > > _______________________________________________ > > CF-metadata mailing list > > CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu<mailto:CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu> > > http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/mailman/listinfo/cf-metadata > > > > > > ----- End forwarded message ----- > > _______________________________________________ > > CF-metadata mailing list > > CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu<mailto:CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu> > > http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/mailman/listinfo/cf-metadata > > > > _______________________________________________ > > CF-metadata mailing list > > CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu<mailto:CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu> > > http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/mailman/listinfo/cf-metadata > > > > _______________________________________________ > CF-metadata mailing list > CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu > http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/mailman/listinfo/cf-metadata ----- End forwarded message ----- _______________________________________________ CF-metadata mailing list CF-metadata@cgd.ucar.edu http://mailman.cgd.ucar.edu/mailman/listinfo/cf-metadata
