Hi!!
OSPF uses hello packets as keepalive message.This is exchanged periodically
at regular intervals between the neighbors to check if the link is
alive.Suppose if the link goes down then the neighbor will not receive hello
packets which means there is some problem in the link.If the neighbor does
not receive 4 consecutive hello packets at the intervals defined ,then the
neighbor is considere dead.
After sometime if the neighbor again comes up,the router has to again
establish the neighbor relationship.
Hope this helps you
Cheers
ss
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