****It was posted: "System management protocols such as SNMP definitely are application layer. Routing protocols are layer management protocols of the same layer as the addresses for which they are computing routes. OSPF, ISIS, etc., are layer 3 management protocols. 802.1d is a layer 2 management protocol. This is absolutely unambiguous if one reads the correct ISO documents." ****And I would add: Or, if you read Cisco's own Networking Academy Program curriculum, which says the same thing. :-[)] Mark A. Morenz, MS Ed, CCNA, CCAI Regional CCNA Director, CNAP Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=15845&t=15755 -------------------------------------------------- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]