I got an answer from the CCO Q&A Forum but I'm still completely lost. Here is what they said: "With voip, you can enable FRF.12 fragmentation, which sets up a dual FIFO queue at the interface level. The high priority queue takes in the PQ traffic from all pvcs, the low priority queue takes in the rest of the traffic. " Okay. I'm not sure what that means. What the heck does FRF have to do with dual FIFO queues??? Good grief! If I configure LLQ, there are already two queues: a Priority Queue, with the rest of the traffic serviced using WFQ. The PQ must also be a FIFO queue, but what about the WFQ? What happens when I already have LLQ configured and then add FRF? What exactly is different about the queueing mechanisms? What happens to the WFQ? Does it get converted to a FIFO queue, even though it still shows up as WFQ in the config? That wouldn't make any sense. I'm wondering if we're dealing with queues inside of queues and that's where the confusion lies? Hmmm... Another engineer at Cisco said he could explain this to me. Perhaps I'll send him an email right now. Regards, John Message Posted at: http://www.groupstudy.com/form/read.php?f=7&i=19974&t=19974 -------------------------------------------------- FAQ, list archives, and subscription info: http://www.groupstudy.com/list/cisco.html Report misconduct and Nondisclosure violations to [EMAIL PROTECTED]