Protocol call sites build an inline cache to optimize dispatch.  The 
benchmark is running many times and reaping benefit from the cache. 
 satisfies? looks up the object's class in the protocol's implementation 
map [1], and the benchmark is stressing this.  You'll see that code checks 
if the protocol has the backing interface first, then checks for the 
object's class, then if necessary walks up the superclass chain.

[1] 
https://github.com/clojure/clojure/blob/master/src/clj/clojure/core_deftype.clj#L507-L516



On Thursday, January 22, 2015 at 8:36:23 PM UTC-5, Michael Blume wrote:
>
> Extends seems to be defeated by superclassing. ie:
>
> (extends? my-protocol (class {})) => false
>
> because my-protocol is extended to IPersistentMap and (class {}) isn't 
> IPersistentMap it's PersistentArrayMap (which implements IPersistentMap but 
> extends? doesn't care)
>
> On Thu Jan 22 2015 at 5:28:30 PM Timothy Baldridge <tbald...@gmail.com 
> <javascript:>> wrote:
>
>> The logic of extends? is much simpler, so try that. IIRC it's something 
>> like "extends? returns true if any method on the protocol is implemented by 
>> x", "satisfies? returns true if all methods of a protocol are implemented 
>> by x". 
>>
>> The docs don't seem to give much help here, so play with it in the repl a 
>> bit. 
>>
>> Timothy
>>
>> On Thu, Jan 22, 2015 at 6:14 PM, Michael Blume <blume...@gmail.com 
>> <javascript:>> wrote:
>>
>>> (defprotocol my-protocol
>>>   (foo [this]))
>>>
>>> (extend-protocol my-protocol
>>>   clojure.lang.IPersistentMap
>>>   (foo [this] "hello from map"))
>>>
>>> (criterium.core/quick-bench
>>>   (satisfies? my-protocol {}))
>>>
>>> (criterium.core/quick-bench
>>>   (foo {}))
>>>
>>> Simply calling foo on an empty map takes 7 ns,
>>> but checking whether the map satisfies my-protocol takes 22 µs, 3000 
>>> times longer.
>>>
>>> It seems like to call foo, some mechanism has to look up an 
>>> implementation of my-protocol for maps -- how is it we can do that so 
>>> quickly for a call and so slowly for satisfies?
>>>
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>>
>>
>>
>> -- 
>> “One of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire was that–lacking 
>> zero–they had no way to indicate successful termination of their C 
>> programs.”
>> (Robert Firth) 
>>  
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