Actually I thought Young America was the boat with the forward rudder. old age 
is terrible as I can’t recall the skipper’s name - very famous and talented 
fellow.  Conners went with a 2nd Stars & Stripes.

John

> On May 1, 2016, at 12:37 PM, Chuck S via CnC-List <cnc-list@cnc-list.com> 
> wrote:
> 
> Agree, 
> John Bertrand wrote a book that described the design process of the 
> Australian winged keel, the controversy around it, and he stated the keel was 
> chosen to get more sail area within the rule, and the hull was very fast and 
> another keel might have improved it further.  That keel was weird, long along 
> the bottom and narrow where it met the hull.  Bertrand did a Herculean job 
> overcoming several breakdowns including his bowman breaking his arm while 
> aloft, which were all forgotten when the keel was unveiled.  Liberty was a 
> slower boat and Conners was challenged to defend the cup with his superior 
> crew but inferior boat.  Years later, Conners won the preliminary Cup races, 
> and then switched to a faster boat.  I think it was Young America.  
> 
> Later, Hunter and Catalina produced many production boats with short winged 
> keels.  The Rob Ball winged keel of the 1988 to 1995 vintage has much thicker 
> wings and the PHRF ratings prove better performance.  He managed to get the 
> weight very low without increasing the displacement very much.
> 
> 
> Chuck
> Resolute
> 1990 C&C 34R
> Broad Creek, Magothy River, Md
> 
> From: "John Pennie via CnC-List" <cnc-list@cnc-list.com>
> To: cnc-list@cnc-list.com
> Cc: "John Pennie" <j...@svpaws.net>
> Sent: Sunday, May 1, 2016 12:03:43 PM
> Subject: Re: Stus-List Wing Keel Lift?
> 
> Your dates are right but I don’t believe there was any magic to the wing keel 
> - other than a way around the 12 meter measurement rule,  I believe they 
> referred to them as winglets.  The also used a film on top of the keel called 
> “riblets”- really.
> 
> John
> 
> 
> 
> On May 1, 2016, at 11:35 AM, robert via CnC-List <cnc-list@cnc-list.com 
> <mailto:cnc-list@cnc-list.com>> wrote:
> 
> The America's Cup left the NYYC in 1983 but I believe Dennis Conner won it 
> back in Perth, Aus, in 1987.   
> 
> So, correct, it did not return to New York City but I am confident the 
> Americans won it back with an even different keel......I have a book 
> somewhere on the keel he used in Perth......it's like a fin keel with an 
> extension that goes back.....there a name for it.....they kept it under raps 
> until after the races.  I'll look it up later.
> 
> Conner's tested it in Hawaii before bringing it to Perth......it worked.
> 
> Rob Abbott
> AZURA
> C&C 32 -84 
> Halifax, N.S.
> 
> On 2016-04-30 4:27 PM, Jerome Tauber via CnC-List wrote:
> (Sorry - first posted this as reply to wrong posting).   Keel lift is a 
> horizontal, not vertical force.   Keels are hydrodynamic foils - when they 
> are moved through water they cause both lift and drag forces to develop. Lift 
> is the positive lateral force that allows a boat to move to windward - drag 
> is the negative, resisting force.  A good sailboat keel design has a high 
> lift-to-drag ratio.  Wing keels were developed by the Australians to win the 
> 1983 America's Cup (first U.S. loss) by getting around the keel depth rules.  
> When the boat heels, the wings increase the draft of the keel creating 
> additional lift.   This being said, I'm sure the angle at which the wing cuts 
> into the water does have an effect but that is not what is meant by keel 
> lift.   The America's Cup left NY in 1983 never to return but this May there 
> will be some preliminary cup races in NY Harbor with boats that truly do lift 
> out of the water.    Jerry
> 
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Lorne Serpa via CnC-List <cnc-list@cnc-list.com> 
> <mailto:cnc-list@cnc-list.com>
> To: cnc-list <cnc-list@cnc-list.com> <mailto:cnc-list@cnc-list.com>
> Cc: Lorne Serpa <lorne.se...@gmail.com> <mailto:lorne.se...@gmail.com>
> Sent: Sat, Apr 30, 2016 2:47 pm
> Subject: Stus-List Wing Keel Lift?
> 
> So, working on buying my 1st sailboat greater than 15'.  It's a 1988 30MkII.
> It has a wing keel.  I read somewhere that a wing keel generates some lift.
> So....
> Does a wing keel create lift?
> Should I have more heavy stuff at the back of the boat for increased angle of 
> attack on the keel?
> Or..
> don't be silly.. its a 8,000lb boat going 5 knots.  It does nothing.
>  
> Lorne
> _______________________________________________
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> This list is supported by the generous donations of our members. If you like 
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> This list is supported by the generous donations of our members. If you like 
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