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Subject: Grant application to remove most of the Russian Olive trees in the
Black Hole at Two Buttes in Baca County
I thought I could just provide summary info on this Russian Olive/Tamarisk
removal project but in reviewing this I find some important info further
down the application. So anyone interested in this proposed project may
want to review the rest of the info I am copying below.
SeEtta Moss
Canon City
<<Stakeholders
Lead project sponsor: Baca County Conservation District
Project partners: Colorado Parks & Wildlife
NRCS
Bent County Conservation District
History of Accomplishments
BCCD partnered with Southeast Colorado Resource Conservation and
Development, Colorado State Bank, Colorado Department of Agriculture, the
International Center for Appropriate and Sustainable Technology, Southeast
Colorado Power Association, Entegrity Wind Systems, Rocky Mountain Farmer’s
Union, Baca County Farm Bureau, and McDonald Electric on a “Advancing
Colorado’s Renewable Energy” (ACRE) grant which resulted in the first 50kw
wind turbine on a farm in Colorado. (Oct. 2009)
BCCD awarded matching grants for shelterbelts to eight Baca County
producers. As part of this project, BCCD and NRCS staff planted a
demonstration tree row along the north side of the US Forest Service
building in Springfield. The tree row demonstrated twenty different
species appropriate for our area. (Apr. 2009)
BCCD partnered with landowners and NRCS on the EQIP Invasive Species
Horse Creek Watershed project. (Nov. 2008)
BCCD partnered with landowners and NRCS on the EQIP Invasive Species
Two Buttes Creek Watershed project. (Nov. 2007)
BCCD awarded six area producers cost share funds to establish water
development practices on CRP through the Colorado State Conservation
Board’s Matching Grants program. These water development practices help
producers keep highly erodible soils in permanent vegetative cover. (May
2008)
BCCD received a High Plains Invasives grant to contain and eradicate
dalmation toadflax, diffuse knapweed, Russian knapweed, spotted knapweed,
and leafy spurge. This grant enabled BCCD to eradicate narrow-leaf
dalmation toadflax in Baca County and in Kim in neighboring Las Animas
County. (May 2008)
BCCD, partnering with NRCS, has helped producers in Baca County plant
thousands of trees, with BCCD coordinating assistance from all of our local
FFA and 4-H Chapters. (just in the last decade)
Ten producers cooperated with BCCD to control and eradicate tamarisk
and Scotch thistle on the Two Buttes Creek Watershed. (Sep. 2007)
BCCD was awarded funds from the US Forest Service to address List A & B
noxious weeds on lands adjacent to Comanche National Grasslands in Baca
County two years in a row. (2007)
On behalf of local producers, BCCD submitted a proposal to the state
NRCS office for addressing tamarisk and Russian olive on the upper Two
Buttes Creek watershed and Scotch thistle throughout Baca County. The
proposal resulted in cost share dollars made available to producers through
NRCS’s EQIP program. (Mar. 2007)
Partners’ Level of Support
NRCS technical support
Colorado Parks & Wildlife plant surveys and monitoring of project
area
Bent Co. Cons. Dist. equipment
Relevant Information Sources
Practices proposed in this grant are consistent with the practices set
forth by Colorado State University, University of Denver, Colorado
Department of Agriculture, and Denver Botanic Gardens in “Tamarisk BEST
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES in COLORADO WATERSHEDS”.
Included in this application is an “esri” map from the Tamarisk
Coalition showing the yearly distribution of the tamarisk beetle from
2007–2014. Onsite inspection of tamarisk in the area showed no tamarisk
beetle activity as of October 2015.
Staffing
BCCD estimates approximately 700 man-hours of work each year of this
project.
BCCD currently has one DCT and one Weed Technician. Between them they
can contribute 48 hours per week. The equipment for pulling small trees
and mulching will occupy our weed technician, which is included in the
man-hours for each year of work listed above.
DCT is Royce Bursch, employed since 08/2014. Weed Tech is Howard
Wilson, employed since 08/2014. First pages of their employment
applications are attached.
BCCD anticipates the need for extra manpower during the pulling,
clearing, and planting. We plan to recruit FFA and 4-H volunteers from our
four local high schools to assist in these tasks. Department of
Corrections workers may be utilized as required.
BCCD recognizes that this project will require more than one full-time
member of the project team. If this grant is awarded to us, we will hire
an additional weed technician for the first year of this project.
Resumes of the DCT and Weed Technician are included with this
application.
Match
BCCD will provide approximately $22,000 of in-kind match
(administrative expense, weed tech & DCT pay). NRCS will provide
approximately $800 of in-kind match ($20/hr. for technical assistance).
BCCD will provide cash match of $12,500 in the form of equipment, PPE,
supplies, soil testing, chemicals, Corrections labor, and other line items
not yet identified.
Education
Two Buttes Reservoir and Wildlife Area is one of two frequently visited
recreational areas in the county. We will publish status reports in the
Plainsman Herald, our local newspaper, before project kick-off, as progress
is made the first year, at completion of the first year, and after each
follow-up treatment and survey. Articles about the project will also be
included in the BCCD quarterly newsletter.
Effectiveness
This IPM plan incorporates biocontrol, chemical, and mechanical
control. It will begin with mechanical control. With the excellent canopy
of cottonwoods, pulling the Russian olive understory and tamarisk was
chosen over cut-stump to minimize chemical usage and the subsequent damage
it could cause to the cottonwoods. Hack-and-squirt will be used on the
largest Russian olives, leaving the tree structures available for nesting
in the understory. Where the cottonwoods are thickest, access will be an
issue for mechanical control. We will utilize volunteers or Corrections
labor, following with mechanical control where possible and chemical
control where mechanical control is not feasible.
Due to the excellent canopy of cottonwoods and the abundance of
moisture in the area, most of the restoration will occur passively.
However, the dominant Russian olive population has excluded much of the
native diversity. So, some restoration will need to take place. We will
plant 25 Konza Fragrant Sumacs along the top of the south cliffs to
suppress erosion into the Black Hole. We will introduce 50 McKenzie Black
Chokeberries, 25 Common Hackberries, and 10 Chokecherries into the
understory. We will do pole plantings of Willow trees wherever tamarisk
has been removed. This will assure that the high-light environment that
allowed tamarisk to establish itself is no longer present in that
location. Soil and water testing will need to take place to determine
feasibility of planting locations.
Chemical control will be used in the second and third year of the
project to control new sprouts of tamarisk and Russian olive. It is
anticipated that chemical control will need to be continued for several
years after completion of this project due to the degree of Russian olive
infestation that is currently present. This action will only take place
with CPW permission.
Project Budget and Schedule
The Tamarisk Coalition “Riparian Restoration Cost Calculator” was used
to calculate the total expense of the project. All figures are approximate
and do not include the Department of Corrections labor, the expense of
which is not included in the cost calculator. Soil testing also does not
appear to be included in the cost calculator.
Multi-objective Aspects
This project involves riparian re-vegetation, habitat improvement, and
water quality and quantity. Russian olive in the wildlife area have
diminished plant diversity in the area. Removal will allow native plants
to reestablish in the area. We will assist this passive recovery with the
active introduction of Konza Fragrant Sumacs, McKenzie Black Chokeberries,
Common Hackberries, Chokecherries, and willow trees. The removal of the
Russian olives will also improve wildlife access to the area. The Russian
olives currently have a thick underbrush monoculture that restricts both
wildlife and human access. The removal of tamarisk next to the Black Hole
and around Two Buttes Creek will improve soil and water quality by
decreasing salinity. The removal of the vast Russian olive population
should decrease water usage around the Black Hole, improving water flow
downstream.
Beyond those aspects mentioned above, this project will enable the
cottonwoods to maintain their canopy in this riparian environment.
Cottonwoods cannot sprout in total shade but Russian olive can. This means
that, given current conditions, there will be no new cottonwoods in the
future. This project will save the cottonwood canopy and should carry it
several years into the future.
Scope of Work
GRANTEE: Baca County Conservation District
PRIMARY CONTACT: Howard Wilson
ADDRESS: P.O. Box 398
Springfield, CO 81073
PHONE: 719.523.6251
PROJECT NAME: BCCD IPCP 2016
GRANT AMOUNT: $83,500
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
This project seeks to improve water quality and quantity, improve
wildlife habitat, and enhance recreational opportunity in the Two Buttes
Reservoir and Wildlife Area through:
(1) The removal of tamarisk and Russian olive from the 30 acres of
wildlife area east of the Two Buttes Dam;
(2) The introduction of different native species to the riparian ecosystem;
(3) The suppression of erosion into the Black Hole;
(4) Eradication of List weeds around Two Buttes Reservoir.
OBJECTIVES
Suppress Russian olive understory from current 70% - 80% to 10% - 20%
of understory area by June 2018.
Eradicate tamarisk from wildlife area downstream from the dam to the
property line by June 2017.
Reintroduce native willow cover in and around the Black Hole to help
prevent tamarisk reestablishment by June 2018.
Plant grass and native shrubs above the west cliffs to suppress erosion
into the Black Hole. These erosion controls are to be completed by June
2018.
TASKS
TASK 1 – Soil and Water Testing
Description of Task
Collect water sample and soil samples from the Two Buttes Wildlife
Area. Test for depth of water table.
Method/Procedure
Collect water sample from the Black Hole. Starting near the dam and
focusing on areas where restorative planting will occur, take one soil
sample approximately every 600 feet. Also, take one soil sample from above
the south cliff. Utilize techniques detailed in “How to sample soil” in
the reference “Best Management Practices for Revegetation after Tamarisk
Removal”. Use soil auger to determine water table depth above south
cliff. Send water and soil samples to the CSU lab for testing.
Deliverable
Testing results will be used to verify the selection of plants listed
in the plan. Selections of plants for the project may need to be changed
based on the results of the testing. Results of the tests will give us a
baseline of the soil and water characteristics as they exist at the
beginning of the project.
TASK 2 – Plant Survey
Description of Task
Determine plant diversity in project site. Determine percentages of
cover for existing plants on the project site.
Method/Procedure
Colorado Parks & Wildlife biologist will use best practices to conduct
surveys in and around the project area.
Deliverable
Survey results will be used to verify the selection and/or number of
plants listed in the plan. Selections and numbers of plants for the
project may need to be changed based on the results of the survey. Results
of the survey will give us a baseline of the vegetation cover at the
beginning of the project.
TASK 3 – Pull Tamarisks and Russian Olives
Description of Task
Pull tamarisks and all Russian olives that can be pulled mechanically.
Method/Procedure
Utilizing equipment leased from Bent County Conservation District, pull
all tamarisks and Russian olives that are accessible and of manageable
size. Utilizing the same equipment but a different attachment, mulch the
debris. Depending on the weather and/or CPW guidance, either burn the
mulch or haul it away.
Deliverable
Invasive will be suppressed and access will be improved for wildlife.
Understory will begin passive recovery. Plant diversity should begin to
increase. Access should now be improved for the subsequent tasks of the
project.
TASK 4 – Remove Tamarisks and Russian Olives Not Accessible in Task 2
Description of Task
Clear the remaining tamarisks and Russian olives that were not
accessible by machine.
Method/Procedure
Utilizing Department of Corrections labor, clear the inaccessible areas
within a week if possible.
Deliverable
Russian olives will be suppressed and access will be improved for
wildlife. More water will be available for native plants and wildlife.
Understory will begin passive recovery. Plant diversity should begin to
increase. Access should now be improved for the subsequent tasks of the
project.
TASK 5 – Chemically Control Remaining Russian Olive Trees
Description of Task
Apply chemical control to remaining Russian olive trees.
Method/Procedure
Utilizing the “hack-and-squirt” technique, apply undiluted Pathfinder
II to the large Russian olive trees. Using foliar spray, apply
Imazapyr as a 1% solution with 1% MSO to any remaining tamarisks or Russian
olives.
Deliverable
Russian olives will be suppressed and access will be improved for
wildlife. More water will be available for native plants and wildlife.
TASK 6 – Check Viability of Restoration Plans
Description of Task
Collect water sample and soil samples from the Two Buttes Wildlife
Area. Test for depth of water table.
Method/Procedure
Collect water sample from the Black Hole. Starting near the dam and
focusing on areas where restorative planting will occur, take one soil
sample approximately every 600 feet. Also, take one soil sample from above
the south cliff. Utilize techniques detailed in “How to sample soil” in
the reference “Best Management Practices for Revegetation after Tamarisk
Removal”. Use soil auger to determine water table depth above south
cliff. Send water and soil samples to the CSU lab for testing.
Compare results with prior testing. Make adjustments to plant
selections as the soil and moisture conditions dictate.
Deliverable
Testing results will be used to verify the selection of plants listed
in the plan. Selections of plants for the project may need to be changed
based on the results of the testing. Results of the tests will give us a
picture of the soil and water characteristics as they exist after the first
season of the project.
TASK 7 – Restoration
Description of Task
Plant Konza Fragrant Sumacs, McKenzie Black Chokeberries or Common
Hackberries or Chokecherries ,and willow trees.
Method/Procedure
Plant 25 Konza Fragrant Sumacs (Rhus aromatic serotina) 2-3’ seedlings
above the south cliffs (third year). Plant 50 McKenzie Black Chokeberries
(Aronia melanocarpa) 18-24” (first year), plant 25 Common Hackberries
(Celtis occidentalis) 2-3’ (second year), and plant 10 Chokecherries
(Prunus virginiana) 3-4’ (third year) seedlings in the larger clearings
that we created under the cottonwoods while clearing the Russian olives.
Plant willow poles scavenged from existing local willow trees to water
table depth in all locations where tamarisk was found in the wildlife area.
Deliverable
Russian olives will be suppressed and diversity will be improved for
wildlife. Tamarisk recovery will be suppressed by willow tree shade.
Forage for wildlife will be improved by the sumacs, chokeberries,
hackberries, and chokecherries. Erosion will be suppressed by the sumacs.
The chokeberries, hackberries, and chokecherries will add aesthetic
appeal/enhancement by adding white flowers, red and purple fruit, and
varied fall color to the understory.
TASK 8 – Secondary/Subsequent Weed Control
Description of Task
Apply chemical control to tamarisk and Russian olive sprouts.
Method/Procedure
This procedure should occur quarterly through the second year of the
project and semiannually thereafter. Using foliar spray, apply Imazapyr as
a 1% solution with 1% MSO to any new tamarisk or Russian olive sprouts.
Deliverable
Russian olives will be suppressed and access will be improved for
wildlife. More water will be available for native plants and wildlife.
Tamarisk will be eradicated from the Two Buttes Reservoir and Wildlife Area.
Budget & Timeline Table
Task Description Target Start Date Target Completion Date CWCB
Funds Other Funding Cash Other Funding In-Kind Total
1 Soil and Water Testing 2/1/16 2/28/16 $5,500 $0 $0
$5,500
2 Plant survey 3/1/16 3/31/16 $0 $9,500 $0 $9,500
3 Pull Tamarisks and Russian Olives 3/1/16 3/31/16 $8,000
$0 $0 $8,000
4 Remove Tamarisks and Russian Olives Not Accessible in Task 2
4/1/16 4/29/16 $8,000 $0 $0 $8,000
5 Chemically Control Remaining Russian Olive Trees 9/1/16
9/30/16 $2,000 $0 $3,382 $5,382
6 Check Viability of Restoration Plans 10/3/16 10/31/16 $0
$1,000 $0 $1,000
7 Restoration 4/3/17 4/28/17 $7,500 $0 $3,072 $10,572
3 Pull Tamarisks and Russian Olives 3/1/17 3/31/17 $8,000
$0 $0 $8,000
4 Remove Tamarisks and Russian Olives Not Accessible in Task 2
4/1/17 4/29/17 $8,000 $0 $0 $8,000
5 Chemically Control Remaining Russian Olive Trees 9/1/17
9/30/17 $2,000 $0 $3,382 $5,382
6 Check Viability of Restoration Plans 10/3/17 10/31/17 $0
$1,000 $0 $1,000
7 Restoration 4/3/18 4/28/18 $6,500 $1,000 $3,072
$10,572
3 Pull Tamarisks and Russian Olives 3/1/18 3/31/18 $8,000
$0 $5,980 $13,980
4 Remove Tamarisks and Russian Olives Not Accessible in Task 2
4/1/18 4/29/18 $8,000 $0 $0 $8,000
8 Secondary/Subsequent Weed Control 12/1/16 6/30/18 $12,000
$0 $12,000
Total $83,500.00 $12,500.00 $18,888.00 $114,888.00
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