zabetak commented on a change in pull request #1020: [CALCITE-2812] Add 
algebraic operators to allow expressing recursive queries (Ruben Quesada Lopez)
URL: https://github.com/apache/calcite/pull/1020#discussion_r276237088
 
 

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 File path: core/src/main/java/org/apache/calcite/rel/core/RepeatUnion.java
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 @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.calcite.rel.core;
+
+import org.apache.calcite.linq4j.function.Experimental;
+import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelOptCluster;
+import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitSet;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.BiRel;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelWriter;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.metadata.RelMetadataQuery;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
+import org.apache.calcite.util.Util;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Relational expression that computes a Repeat Union (a.k.a. Recursive Union 
in SQL terminology).
+ *
+ * The structure of a Recursive Union is always: non-recursive term + UNION 
[ALL] + recursive term,
+ * where only the recursive term can contain a reference to the query's own 
output.
+ * (TODO only UNION ALL is supported for the moment)
+ *
+ * Such an operation is executed as follows:
+ *   - Evaluate the non-recursive term once. For UNION (but not UNION ALL), 
discard duplicate
+ *   results.
+ *   - (Re)Evaluate the recursive term over and over until it produces no more 
results. For UNION
+ *   (but not UNION ALL), discard duplicate results.
+ * Note: strictly speaking, this process is iteration not recursion, but 
RECURSIVE is the
+ * terminology chosen by the SQL standards committee.
+ *
+ * In this RepeatUnion relational expression, the left part will represent the 
non-recursive
+ * term (or "seed" relational expression), and the right part will represent 
the recursive term
+ * (or "iterative" relational expression).
+ *
+ * <p>NOTE: The current API is experimental and subject to change without 
notice.</p>
+ */
+@Experimental
+public abstract class RepeatUnion extends BiRel {
+
+  protected final boolean all = true; // TODO for the moment only RepeatUnion 
'all' is supported
+
+  // maximum number of times to repeat the iterative relational expression,
+  // -1 means no limit, 0 means only seed will be evaluated
+  protected final int maxRep;
+
+  //~ Constructors -----------------------------------------------------------
+  protected RepeatUnion(
+          int maxRep,
+          RelOptCluster cluster,
+          RelTraitSet traitSet,
+          RelNode seed,
+          RelNode iterative) {
+
+    super(cluster, traitSet, seed, iterative);
+    if (maxRep < -1) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Wrong maxRep value");
+    }
+    this.maxRep = maxRep;
+  }
+
+
+  @Override public double estimateRowCount(RelMetadataQuery mq) {
+    // TODO implement a more accurate row count?
+    double seedRowCount = getSeedRel().estimateRowCount(mq);
+    if (maxRep == 0) {
+      return seedRowCount;
+    }
+    return seedRowCount
+              + getIterativeRel().estimateRowCount(mq) * (maxRep != -1 ? 
maxRep : 10);
+  }
+
+  @Override public RelWriter explainTerms(RelWriter pw) {
+    super.explainTerms(pw);
+    if (maxRep != -1) {
+      pw.item("maxRep", maxRep);
+    }
+    return pw.item("all", all);
+  }
+
+  public int getMaxRep() {
 
 Review comment:
   Make the field public and remove getter?

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