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davsclaus pushed a commit to branch fix/CAMEL-23692
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/camel.git

commit fa3f97208e4692c5f08d43bb6221a6c4a586ec74
Author: Claus Ibsen <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Fri Jun 5 07:43:01 2026 +0200

    CAMEL-23692: BacklogTracer captures late-arriving async branch events
    
    When a multicast sends to multiple async endpoints (e.g. Kafka/SEDA),
    the second branch may fire its trace events after a new exchange has
    already claimed the provisional history queue. These late events were
    silently dropped because they matched neither the new exchange nor the
    append-mode conditions.
    
    Add a fallback clause that appends events matching
    lastCompletedBreadcrumbId directly to completeHistoryQueue, ensuring
    all async branches appear in the message history.
    
    Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <[email protected]>
    Signed-off-by: Claus Ibsen <[email protected]>
---
 .../apache/camel/impl/debugger/BacklogTracer.java  |   5 +
 ...cklogTracerMessageHistoryMulticastSedaTest.java | 103 +++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 108 insertions(+)

diff --git 
a/core/camel-base-engine/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/impl/debugger/BacklogTracer.java
 
b/core/camel-base-engine/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/impl/debugger/BacklogTracer.java
index 873e31e628d1..2f3ee0d12726 100644
--- 
a/core/camel-base-engine/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/impl/debugger/BacklogTracer.java
+++ 
b/core/camel-base-engine/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/impl/debugger/BacklogTracer.java
@@ -245,6 +245,11 @@ public class BacklogTracer extends ServiceSupport 
implements org.apache.camel.sp
                     }
                     provisionalHistoryQueue.clear();
                 }
+            } else if (lastCompletedBreadcrumbId != null && 
event.getBreadcrumbId() != null
+                    && 
event.getBreadcrumbId().equals(lastCompletedBreadcrumbId)) {
+                // late-arriving event from a downstream route (e.g. second 
branch of a multicast via Kafka/SEDA)
+                // that arrived after the provisional queue was claimed by a 
new exchange
+                completeHistoryQueue.add(event);
             }
         }
         if (!enabled) {
diff --git 
a/core/camel-management/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/management/BacklogTracerMessageHistoryMulticastSedaTest.java
 
b/core/camel-management/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/management/BacklogTracerMessageHistoryMulticastSedaTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5759a2c2673a
--- /dev/null
+++ 
b/core/camel-management/src/test/java/org/apache/camel/management/BacklogTracerMessageHistoryMulticastSedaTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.camel.management;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import javax.management.MBeanServer;
+import javax.management.ObjectName;
+
+import org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder;
+import org.apache.camel.spi.BacklogTracerEventMessage;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.DisabledOnOs;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.OS;
+
+import static org.awaitility.Awaitility.await;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+@DisabledOnOs(OS.AIX)
+public class BacklogTracerMessageHistoryMulticastSedaTest extends 
ManagementTestSupport {
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Test
+    public void testLateArrivingAsyncBranchCaptured() throws Exception {
+        MBeanServer mbeanServer = getMBeanServer();
+        ObjectName on
+                = new ObjectName(
+                        "org.apache.camel:context=" + 
context.getManagementName() + ",type=tracer,name=BacklogTracer");
+        assertNotNull(on);
+        assertTrue(mbeanServer.isRegistered(on));
+
+        mbeanServer.setAttribute(on, new 
javax.management.Attribute("RemoveOnDump", Boolean.FALSE));
+
+        getMockEndpoint("mock:fast").expectedMessageCount(2);
+        getMockEndpoint("mock:slow").expectedMessageCount(2);
+
+        // send two exchanges in quick succession so the second claims the 
provisional queue
+        // before the slow branch of the first exchange finishes
+        template.sendBody("direct:start", "First");
+        template.sendBody("direct:start", "Second");
+
+        assertMockEndpointsSatisfied();
+
+        // wait for the slow seda branch to complete and verify history 
includes both branches
+        await().atMost(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS).untilAsserted(() -> {
+            List<BacklogTracerEventMessage> events
+                    = (List<BacklogTracerEventMessage>) mbeanServer.invoke(on, 
"dumpLatestMessageHistory", null, null);
+            assertNotNull(events);
+            assertTrue(events.size() > 0, "Should have history events");
+
+            Set<String> routeIds = events.stream()
+                    .map(BacklogTracerEventMessage::getRouteId)
+                    .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+            assertTrue(routeIds.contains("main"), "Should contain main route 
events");
+            assertTrue(routeIds.contains("fast-route"), "Should contain 
fast-route events");
+            assertTrue(routeIds.contains("slow-route"),
+                    "Should contain slow-route events (late-arriving async 
branch)");
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected RouteBuilder createRouteBuilder() {
+        return new RouteBuilder() {
+            @Override
+            public void configure() {
+                context.setUseBreadcrumb(true);
+                context.setBacklogTracing(true);
+                context.setMessageHistory(true);
+
+                from("direct:start").routeId("main")
+                        .multicast().parallelProcessing()
+                        .to("seda:fast", "seda:slow")
+                        .end();
+
+                from("seda:fast").routeId("fast-route")
+                        .to("mock:fast");
+
+                from("seda:slow").routeId("slow-route")
+                        .delay(500)
+                        .to("mock:slow");
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+}

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