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The "MemtableSSTable" page has been changed by JonathanEllis. http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/MemtableSSTable?action=diff&rev1=8&rev2=9 -------------------------------------------------- Cassandra writes are first written to the [[Durability|CommitLog]], and then to a per-!ColumnFamily structure called a Memtable. A Memtable is basically a write-back cache of data rows that can be looked up by key -- that is, unlike a write-through cache, writes are batched up in the Memtable until it is full, before being written to disk as an SSTable. - The process of turning a Memtable into a SSTable is called flushing. You can manually trigger flush via jmx (e.g. with bin/nodetool), which you may want to do before restarting nodes since it will reduce !CommitLog replay time. Memtables are sorted by key and then written out sequentially. + The process of turning a Memtable into a SSTable is called flushing. You can manually trigger flush via jmx (e.g. with bin/nodetool), which you may want to do before restarting nodes since it will reduce !CommitLog replay time. Memtables are sorted by key and then written out sequentially. Thus, writes are extremely fast, costing only a commitlog append and an amortized sequential write for the flush! - - Thus, writes are extremely fast, costing only a commitlog append and an amortized sequential write for the flush! Once flushed, SSTable files are immutable; no further writes may be done. So, on the read path, the server must (potentially, although it uses tricks like bloom filters to avoid doing so unnecessarily) combine row fragments from all the SSTables on disk, as well as any unflushed Memtables, to produce the requested data. @@ -12, +10 @@ Since the input SSTables are all sorted by key, merging can be done efficiently, still requiring no random i/o. Once compaction is finished, the old SSTable files may be deleted: note that in the worst case (a workload consisting of no overwrites or deletes) this will temporarily require 2x your existing on-disk space used. In today's world of multi-TB disks this is usually not a problem but it is good to keep in mind when you are setting alert thresholds. - SSTables that are obsoleted by a compaction are deleted asynchronously when the JVM performs a GC. You can force a GC from jconsole if necessary but this is not necessary; Cassandra will force one itself if it detects that it is low on space. A compaction marker is also added to obsolete sstables so they can be deleted on startup if the server does not perform a GC before being restarted. + SSTables that are obsoleted by a compaction are deleted asynchronously when the JVM performs a GC. You can force a GC from jconsole if necessary, but Cassandra will force one itself if it detects that it is low on space. A compaction marker is also added to obsolete sstables so they can be deleted on startup if the server does not perform a GC before being restarted. CFStoreMBean exposes sstable space used as getLiveDiskSpaceUsed (only includes size of non-obsolete files) and getTotalDiskSpaceUsed (includes everything).
