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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-6271?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=13859134#comment-13859134
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Benedict commented on CASSANDRA-6271:
-------------------------------------

bq. Having consumeNextLeaf sometimes consume one node per call and sometimes 
two is seriously confusing. Should fix that, I doubt this pseudo-loop-unroll 
saves much.
I don't see a scenario where it consumes more than one leaf? Could you give me 
an example sequence of events?

bq. Edit: maybe the first if was supposed to be a while? But then the while in 
count() becomes redundant.
If it isn't a leaf, a single call to successor() is enough to guarantee we are 
in a leaf, since there is a child either side of each branch key.



> Replace SnapTree in AtomicSortedColumns
> ---------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: CASSANDRA-6271
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-6271
>             Project: Cassandra
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>            Reporter: Benedict
>            Assignee: Benedict
>              Labels: performance
>         Attachments: oprate.svg
>
>
> On the write path a huge percentage of time is spent in GC (>50% in my tests, 
> if accounting for slow down due to parallel marking). SnapTrees are both GC 
> unfriendly due to their structure and also very expensive to keep around - 
> each column name in AtomicSortedColumns uses > 100 bytes on average 
> (excluding the actual ByteBuffer).
> I suggest using a sorted array; changes are supplied at-once, as opposed to 
> one at a time, and if < 10% of the keys in the array change (and data equal 
> to < 10% of the size of the key array) we simply overlay a new array of 
> changes only over the top. Otherwise we rewrite the array. This method should 
> ensure much less GC overhead, and also save approximately 80% of the current 
> memory overhead.
> TreeMap is similarly difficult object for the GC, and a related task might be 
> to remove it where not strictly necessary, even though we don't keep them 
> hanging around for long. TreeMapBackedSortedColumns, for instance, seems to 
> be used in a lot of places where we could simply sort the columns.



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