github-actions[bot] commented on code in PR #63192:
URL: https://github.com/apache/doris/pull/63192#discussion_r3253166929


##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/rules/rewrite/AccessPathPlanCollector.java:
##########
@@ -254,6 +259,9 @@ public Void visitLogicalProject(LogicalProject<? extends 
Plan> project, Statemen
                             )
                     );
                 }
+            } else if (collectWholeVariantOutput && output instanceof Alias && 
output.child(0) instanceof Slot
+                    && collectWholeVariantOutput((Slot) output.child(0))) {
+                continue;
             } else {
                 exprCollector.collect(output);
             }

Review Comment:
   Collecting project expressions here still misses non-literal VARIANT 
subscripts, which are unprunable and must force a full root read. For example, 
`SELECT v[cast(id AS string)] FROM t WHERE v['k'] IS NOT NULL` reaches 
`visitElementAt()` with a VARIANT first argument but a non-literal key, falls 
through to the default visitor, and visits `SlotReference v` with an empty 
builder; `visitSlotReference()` records no root `[v]` path. The filter can 
still record only `[v, k]`, so the scan may prune siblings even though the 
dynamic lookup can access any key. This is distinct from the existing 
full-value-expression thread because the full-column requirement comes from a 
dynamic `ElementAt`, not `cast(v)` or a bare slot projection. Please make 
non-literal VARIANT subscripts record a root access path and add coverage with 
a nested predicate present at the same scan.



##########
be/src/format/parquet/parquet_variant_reader.cpp:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,951 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#include "format/parquet/parquet_variant_reader.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <deque>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <limits>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "core/column/column_variant.h"
+#include "core/value/jsonb_value.h"
+#include "exec/common/variant_util.h"
+
+namespace doris::parquet {
+
+std::string format_variant_uuid(const uint8_t* ptr) {
+    static constexpr char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+    std::string uuid;
+    uuid.reserve(36);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
+        if (i == 4 || i == 6 || i == 8 || i == 10) {
+            uuid.push_back('-');
+        }
+        uuid.push_back(hex[ptr[i] >> 4]);
+        uuid.push_back(hex[ptr[i] & 0x0f]);
+    }
+    return uuid;
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+struct VariantMetadata {
+    std::vector<std::string> dictionary;
+};
+
+struct VariantObjectLayout {
+    std::vector<uint64_t> field_ids;
+    std::vector<uint64_t> field_offsets;
+    std::vector<uint64_t> field_ends;
+    const uint8_t* fields = nullptr;
+    uint64_t total_size = 0;
+};
+
+struct VariantArrayLayout {
+    std::vector<uint64_t> field_offsets;
+    const uint8_t* fields = nullptr;
+    uint64_t total_size = 0;
+};
+
+uint64_t read_unsigned_le(const uint8_t* ptr, int size) {
+    uint64_t value = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+        value |= static_cast<uint64_t>(ptr[i]) << (i * 8);
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+
+int64_t read_signed_le(const uint8_t* ptr, int size) {
+    uint64_t value = read_unsigned_le(ptr, size);
+    if (size < 8) {
+        uint64_t sign_bit = uint64_t {1} << (size * 8 - 1);
+        if ((value & sign_bit) != 0) {
+            uint64_t mask = ~((uint64_t {1} << (size * 8)) - 1);
+            value |= mask;
+        }
+    }
+    return static_cast<int64_t>(value);
+}
+
+__int128 read_signed_int128_le(const uint8_t* ptr) {
+    unsigned __int128 unsigned_value = 0;
+    for (int i = 15; i >= 0; --i) {
+        unsigned_value <<= 8;
+        unsigned_value |= ptr[i];
+    }
+    static constexpr unsigned __int128 sign_bit = static_cast<unsigned 
__int128>(1) << 127;
+    if ((unsigned_value & sign_bit) == 0) {
+        return static_cast<__int128>(unsigned_value);
+    }
+    static constexpr __int128 signed_half_range = static_cast<__int128>(1) << 
126;
+    return (static_cast<__int128>(unsigned_value & (sign_bit - 1)) - 
signed_half_range) -
+           signed_half_range;
+}
+
+Status require_available(const uint8_t* ptr, const uint8_t* end, size_t size,
+                         std::string_view context) {
+    if (ptr > end) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT {} encoding", 
context);
+    }
+    if (size > static_cast<size_t>(end - ptr)) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT {} encoding", 
context);
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status require_available_entries(const uint8_t* ptr, const uint8_t* end, 
uint64_t entries,
+                                 size_t entry_size, std::string_view context) {
+    if (entries > std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() / entry_size) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT {} encoding", 
context);
+    }
+    return require_available(ptr, end, static_cast<size_t>(entries) * 
entry_size, context);
+}
+
+bool variant_string_less(std::string_view lhs, std::string_view rhs) {
+    return std::lexicographical_compare(
+            lhs.begin(), lhs.end(), rhs.begin(), rhs.end(), [](char left, char 
right) {
+                return static_cast<unsigned char>(left) < static_cast<unsigned 
char>(right);
+            });
+}
+
+bool is_valid_utf8(std::string_view value) {
+    const auto* data = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(value.data());
+    const auto* end = data + value.size();
+    while (data < end) {
+        const uint8_t first = *data++;
+        if (first <= 0x7f) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        uint32_t code_point = 0;
+        size_t continuation_bytes = 0;
+        if (first >= 0xc2 && first <= 0xdf) {
+            code_point = first & 0x1f;
+            continuation_bytes = 1;
+        } else if (first >= 0xe0 && first <= 0xef) {
+            code_point = first & 0x0f;
+            continuation_bytes = 2;
+        } else if (first >= 0xf0 && first <= 0xf4) {
+            code_point = first & 0x07;
+            continuation_bytes = 3;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (static_cast<size_t>(end - data) < continuation_bytes) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < continuation_bytes; ++i) {
+            const uint8_t byte = *data++;
+            if ((byte & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            code_point = (code_point << 6) | (byte & 0x3f);
+        }
+
+        if ((continuation_bytes == 2 && code_point < 0x800) ||
+            (continuation_bytes == 3 && code_point < 0x10000) ||
+            (code_point >= 0xd800 && code_point <= 0xdfff) || code_point > 
0x10ffff) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+Status require_valid_utf8(std::string_view value, std::string_view context) {
+    if (!is_valid_utf8(value)) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT {} UTF-8 string", 
context);
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status validate_array_field_offsets(const std::vector<uint64_t>& 
field_offsets, uint64_t total_size,
+                                    std::string_view context) {
+    if (field_offsets.empty() || field_offsets.front() != 0) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT {} field offsets", 
context);
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < field_offsets.size(); ++i) {
+        if (field_offsets[i] > total_size) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT {} field offset 
{}", context,
+                                      field_offsets[i]);
+        }
+        if (i > 0 && field_offsets[i] < field_offsets[i - 1]) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT {} field 
offsets", context);
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status compute_object_field_ends(const std::vector<uint64_t>& field_offsets, 
uint64_t total_size,
+                                 std::vector<uint64_t>* field_ends) {
+    if (field_offsets.empty()) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object field 
offsets");
+    }
+    size_t num_elements = field_offsets.size() - 1;
+    if (num_elements == 0) {
+        if (total_size != 0) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object field 
offsets");
+        }
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<uint64_t, size_t>> physical_offsets;
+    physical_offsets.reserve(num_elements);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_elements; ++i) {
+        if (field_offsets[i] >= total_size) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object field 
offset {}",
+                                      field_offsets[i]);
+        }
+        physical_offsets.emplace_back(field_offsets[i], i);
+    }
+    std::sort(physical_offsets.begin(), physical_offsets.end());
+    if (physical_offsets.front().first != 0) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object field 
offsets");
+    }
+
+    field_ends->assign(num_elements, 0);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < physical_offsets.size(); ++i) {
+        if (i > 0 && physical_offsets[i].first == physical_offsets[i - 
1].first) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object field 
offsets");
+        }
+        uint64_t child_end =
+                i + 1 < physical_offsets.size() ? physical_offsets[i + 
1].first : total_size;
+        (*field_ends)[physical_offsets[i].second] = child_end;
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+void append_json_string(std::string_view value, std::string* json) {
+    json->push_back('"');
+    static constexpr char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+    for (unsigned char c : value) {
+        switch (c) {
+        case '"':
+            json->append("\\\"");
+            break;
+        case '\\':
+            json->append("\\\\");
+            break;
+        case '\b':
+            json->append("\\b");
+            break;
+        case '\f':
+            json->append("\\f");
+            break;
+        case '\n':
+            json->append("\\n");
+            break;
+        case '\r':
+            json->append("\\r");
+            break;
+        case '\t':
+            json->append("\\t");
+            break;
+        default:
+            if (c < 0x20) {
+                json->append("\\u00");
+                json->push_back(hex[c >> 4]);
+                json->push_back(hex[c & 0x0f]);
+            } else {
+                json->push_back(static_cast<char>(c));
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    json->push_back('"');
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Status append_floating_json(T value, std::string* json) {
+    if (!std::isfinite(value)) {
+        return Status::NotSupported(
+                "Parquet VARIANT non-finite floating point value is not 
supported");
+    }
+    std::ostringstream oss;
+    oss << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<T>::max_digits10) << value;
+    json->append(oss.str());
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+std::string int128_to_string(__int128 value) {
+    if (value == 0) {
+        return "0";
+    }
+    bool negative = value < 0;
+    unsigned __int128 unsigned_value = negative ? static_cast<unsigned 
__int128>(-(value + 1)) + 1
+                                                : static_cast<unsigned 
__int128>(value);
+    std::string digits;
+    while (unsigned_value > 0) {
+        digits.push_back(static_cast<char>('0' + unsigned_value % 10));
+        unsigned_value /= 10;
+    }
+    if (negative) {
+        digits.push_back('-');
+    }
+    std::reverse(digits.begin(), digits.end());
+    return digits;
+}
+
+void append_decimal_json(__int128 unscaled, int scale, std::string* json) {
+    std::string value = int128_to_string(unscaled);
+    bool negative = !value.empty() && value[0] == '-';
+    std::string digits = negative ? value.substr(1) : value;
+    if (scale == 0) {
+        json->append(value);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (scale > 0) {
+        if (digits.size() <= static_cast<size_t>(scale)) {
+            digits.insert(0, static_cast<size_t>(scale) + 1 - digits.size(), 
'0');
+        }
+        digits.insert(digits.end() - scale, '.');
+        if (negative) {
+            json->push_back('-');
+        }
+        json->append(digits);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (negative) {
+        json->push_back('-');
+    }
+    json->append(digits);
+    json->append(static_cast<size_t>(-scale), '0');
+}
+
+Status decode_primitive(uint8_t primitive_header, const uint8_t* ptr, const 
uint8_t* end,
+                        std::string* json, const uint8_t** next);
+Status decode_value(const uint8_t* ptr, const uint8_t* end, const 
VariantMetadata& metadata,
+                    std::string* json, const uint8_t** next);
+
+void append_uuid_json(const uint8_t* ptr, std::string* json) {
+    json->push_back('"');
+    json->append(format_variant_uuid(ptr));
+    json->push_back('"');
+}
+
+Status make_jsonb_field(std::string_view json, FieldWithDataType* value) {
+    JsonBinaryValue jsonb_value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(jsonb_value.from_json_string(json.data(), json.size()));
+    value->field =
+            Field::create_field<TYPE_JSONB>(JsonbField(jsonb_value.value(), 
jsonb_value.size()));
+    value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_JSONB;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status insert_empty_object_marker(const PathInData& path, VariantMap* values) {
+    FieldWithDataType value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(make_jsonb_field("{}", &value));
+    (*values)[path] = std::move(value);
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status parse_json_to_variant_map(std::string_view json, const PathInData& 
prefix,
+                                 VariantMap* values) {
+    auto parsed_column = ColumnVariant::create(0, false);
+    ParseConfig parse_config;
+    StringRef json_ref(json.data(), json.size());
+    RETURN_IF_CATCH_EXCEPTION(
+            variant_util::parse_json_to_variant(*parsed_column, json_ref, 
nullptr, parse_config));
+    Field parsed = (*parsed_column)[0];
+    if (parsed.is_null()) {
+        (*values)[prefix] = FieldWithDataType {.field = Field()};
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    PathInDataBuilder path;
+    path.append(prefix.get_parts(), false);
+    for (auto& [parsed_path, value] : parsed.get<TYPE_VARIANT>()) {
+        path.append(parsed_path.get_parts(), false);
+        (*values)[path.build()] = std::move(value);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < parsed_path.get_parts().size(); ++i) {
+            path.pop_back();
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+void fill_field_type_info(FieldWithDataType* value) {
+    FieldInfo info;
+    variant_util::get_field_info(value->field, &info);
+    value->base_scalar_type_id = info.scalar_type_id;
+    value->num_dimensions = static_cast<uint8_t>(info.num_dimensions);
+    value->precision = info.precision;
+    value->scale = info.scale;
+}
+
+Status read_array_layout(uint8_t value_header, const uint8_t* ptr, const 
uint8_t* end,
+                         VariantArrayLayout* layout) {
+    int field_offset_size = (value_header & 0x03) + 1;
+    int num_elements_size = (value_header & 0x04) != 0 ? 4 : 1;
+
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available(ptr, end, num_elements_size, "array 
element count"));
+    uint64_t num_elements = read_unsigned_le(ptr, num_elements_size);
+    ptr += num_elements_size;
+
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available_entries(ptr, end, num_elements + 1, 
field_offset_size,
+                                              "array field offsets"));
+    layout->field_offsets.resize(num_elements + 1);
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i <= num_elements; ++i) {
+        layout->field_offsets[i] = read_unsigned_le(ptr, field_offset_size);
+        ptr += field_offset_size;
+    }
+
+    layout->total_size = layout->field_offsets.back();
+    layout->fields = ptr;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(
+            require_available(layout->fields, end, layout->total_size, "array 
field values"));
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(
+            validate_array_field_offsets(layout->field_offsets, 
layout->total_size, "array"));
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status read_object_layout(uint8_t value_header, const uint8_t* ptr, const 
uint8_t* end,
+                          const VariantMetadata& metadata, 
VariantObjectLayout* layout) {
+    int field_offset_size = (value_header & 0x03) + 1;
+    int field_id_size = ((value_header >> 2) & 0x03) + 1;
+    int num_elements_size = (value_header & 0x10) != 0 ? 4 : 1;
+
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available(ptr, end, num_elements_size, "object 
element count"));
+    uint64_t num_elements = read_unsigned_le(ptr, num_elements_size);
+    ptr += num_elements_size;
+
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(
+            require_available_entries(ptr, end, num_elements, field_id_size, 
"object field ids"));
+    layout->field_ids.resize(num_elements);
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < num_elements; ++i) {
+        layout->field_ids[i] = read_unsigned_le(ptr, field_id_size);
+        ptr += field_id_size;
+        if (layout->field_ids[i] >= metadata.dictionary.size()) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object field id 
{}",
+                                      layout->field_ids[i]);
+        }
+        if (i > 0 && 
!variant_string_less(metadata.dictionary[layout->field_ids[i - 1]],
+                                          
metadata.dictionary[layout->field_ids[i]])) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object field 
names");
+        }
+    }
+
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available_entries(ptr, end, num_elements + 1, 
field_offset_size,
+                                              "object field offsets"));
+    layout->field_offsets.resize(num_elements + 1);
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i <= num_elements; ++i) {
+        layout->field_offsets[i] = read_unsigned_le(ptr, field_offset_size);
+        ptr += field_offset_size;
+    }
+
+    layout->total_size = layout->field_offsets.back();
+    layout->fields = ptr;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(
+            require_available(layout->fields, end, layout->total_size, "object 
field values"));
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(compute_object_field_ends(layout->field_offsets, 
layout->total_size,
+                                              &layout->field_ends));
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status decode_value_to_variant_map(const uint8_t* ptr, const uint8_t* end,
+                                   const VariantMetadata& metadata, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                   VariantMap* values, 
std::deque<std::string>* string_values,
+                                   const uint8_t** next);
+
+Status decode_primitive_to_variant_map(uint8_t primitive_header, const 
uint8_t* ptr,
+                                       const uint8_t* end, const 
VariantMetadata&,
+                                       PathInDataBuilder* path, VariantMap* 
values,
+                                       std::deque<std::string>* string_values,
+                                       const uint8_t** next) {
+    if (primitive_header == 15) {
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available(ptr, end, 4, "binary length"));
+        uint64_t size = read_unsigned_le(ptr, 4);
+        ptr += 4;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available(ptr, end, size, "binary value"));
+        string_values->emplace_back(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(ptr), 
static_cast<size_t>(size));
+        (*values)[path->build()] = FieldWithDataType {
+                .field = 
Field::create_field<TYPE_VARBINARY>(StringView(string_values->back())),
+                .base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_VARBINARY};
+        *next = ptr + size;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    std::string json;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(decode_primitive(primitive_header, ptr, end, &json, next));
+    return parse_json_to_variant_map(json, path->build(), values);
+}
+
+Status decode_object_to_variant_map(uint8_t value_header, const uint8_t* ptr, 
const uint8_t* end,
+                                    const VariantMetadata& metadata, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                    VariantMap* values, 
std::deque<std::string>* string_values,
+                                    const uint8_t** next) {
+    VariantObjectLayout layout;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(read_object_layout(value_header, ptr, end, metadata, 
&layout));
+
+    if (layout.field_ids.empty()) {
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(insert_empty_object_marker(path->build(), values));
+    }
+
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < layout.field_ids.size(); ++i) {
+        const uint8_t* child_begin = layout.fields + layout.field_offsets[i];
+        const uint8_t* child_end = layout.fields + layout.field_ends[i];
+        const uint8_t* child_next = nullptr;
+        path->append(metadata.dictionary[layout.field_ids[i]], false);
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(decode_value_to_variant_map(child_begin, child_end, 
metadata, path, values,
+                                                    string_values, 
&child_next));
+        path->pop_back();
+        if (child_next != child_end) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT object child 
value length");
+        }
+    }
+    *next = layout.fields + layout.total_size;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+Status decode_scalar_array_element_to_field(const uint8_t* ptr, const uint8_t* 
end,
+                                            const VariantMetadata& metadata,
+                                            FieldWithDataType* value,
+                                            std::deque<std::string>* 
string_values,
+                                            const uint8_t** next) {
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available(ptr, end, 1, "array child value"));
+    const uint8_t value_metadata = *ptr++;
+    const uint8_t basic_type = value_metadata & 0x03;
+    const uint8_t value_header = value_metadata >> 2;
+    if (basic_type == 0 && value_header == 0) {
+        value->field = Field();
+        *next = ptr;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (basic_type == 0 && value_header == 15) {
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available(ptr, end, 4, "binary length"));
+        uint64_t size = read_unsigned_le(ptr, 4);
+        ptr += 4;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(require_available(ptr, end, size, "binary value"));
+        string_values->emplace_back(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(ptr), 
static_cast<size_t>(size));
+        value->field = 
Field::create_field<TYPE_VARBINARY>(StringView(string_values->back()));
+        value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_VARBINARY;
+        *next = ptr + size;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (basic_type != 0 && basic_type != 1) {
+        return Status::NotSupported("Parquet VARIANT residual array contains 
complex element");

Review Comment:
   This scalar-only residual array path still rejects valid arrays whose 
elements are complex values containing binary primitives. For example, a 
residual value like `[{"b": binary(0xff)}]` enters 
`decode_array_to_variant_map()`, reaches this branch for the object element, 
returns `NotSupported`, then falls back to JSON decoding; that fallback still 
fails when `decode_primitive()` sees the binary primitive inside the object. 
The same binary object works outside an array via 
`decode_object_to_variant_map()`, so this is a distinct remaining array-element 
case from the existing `[binary(...)]` thread. Please decode complex array 
elements into `VariantMap` without the JSON fallback (or otherwise make 
binary-aware complex array reconstruction work) and add coverage for an array 
containing an object with a binary field.



##########
be/src/format/parquet/vparquet_column_reader.cpp:
##########
@@ -103,6 +127,1480 @@ static void fill_array_offset(FieldSchema* field, 
ColumnArray::Offsets64& offset
     }
 }
 
+static constexpr int64_t UNIX_EPOCH_DAYNR = 719528;
+static constexpr int64_t MICROS_PER_SECOND = 1000000;
+
+static int64_t variant_date_value(const VecDateTimeValue& value) {
+    return value.daynr() - UNIX_EPOCH_DAYNR;
+}
+
+static int64_t variant_date_value(const DateV2Value<DateV2ValueType>& value) {
+    return value.daynr() - UNIX_EPOCH_DAYNR;
+}
+
+static int64_t variant_datetime_value(const VecDateTimeValue& value) {
+    int64_t timestamp = 0;
+    value.unix_timestamp(&timestamp, cctz::utc_time_zone());
+    return timestamp * MICROS_PER_SECOND;
+}
+
+static int64_t variant_datetime_value(const DateV2Value<DateTimeV2ValueType>& 
value) {
+    int64_t timestamp = 0;
+    value.unix_timestamp(&timestamp, cctz::utc_time_zone());
+    return timestamp * MICROS_PER_SECOND + value.microsecond();
+}
+
+static int64_t variant_datetime_value(const TimestampTzValue& value) {
+    int64_t timestamp = 0;
+    value.unix_timestamp(&timestamp, cctz::utc_time_zone());
+    return timestamp * MICROS_PER_SECOND + value.microsecond();
+}
+
+static int find_child_idx(const FieldSchema& field, std::string_view name) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < field.children.size(); ++i) {
+        if (field.children[i].lower_case_name == name) {
+            return i;
+        }
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static bool is_variant_wrapper_typed_value_child(const FieldSchema& field) {
+    auto type = remove_nullable(field.data_type);
+    return type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_STRUCT || 
type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_ARRAY;
+}
+
+static bool is_variant_wrapper_field(const FieldSchema& field,
+                                     bool 
allow_scalar_typed_value_only_wrapper) {
+    auto type = remove_nullable(field.data_type);
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() != TYPE_STRUCT && 
type->get_primitive_type() != TYPE_VARIANT) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    bool has_metadata = false;
+    bool has_value = false;
+    const FieldSchema* typed_value = nullptr;
+    for (const auto& child : field.children) {
+        if (child.lower_case_name == "metadata") {
+            if (child.physical_type != tparquet::Type::BYTE_ARRAY) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            has_metadata = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (child.lower_case_name == "value") {
+            if (child.physical_type != tparquet::Type::BYTE_ARRAY) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            has_value = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (child.lower_case_name == "typed_value") {
+            typed_value = &child;
+            continue;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (has_metadata && has_value) {
+        return type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_VARIANT || typed_value != 
nullptr;
+    }
+    if (has_value) {
+        return typed_value != nullptr;
+    }
+    return typed_value != nullptr && (allow_scalar_typed_value_only_wrapper ||
+                                      
is_variant_wrapper_typed_value_child(*typed_value));
+}
+
+static bool is_value_only_variant_wrapper_candidate(const FieldSchema& field) {
+    auto type = remove_nullable(field.data_type);
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() != TYPE_STRUCT && 
type->get_primitive_type() != TYPE_VARIANT) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    bool has_value = false;
+    for (const auto& child : field.children) {
+        if (child.lower_case_name == "value" && child.physical_type == 
tparquet::Type::BYTE_ARRAY) {
+            has_value = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    return has_value;
+}
+
+static Status get_binary_field(const Field& field, std::string* value, bool* 
present) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *present = false;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    *present = true;
+    switch (field.get_type()) {
+    case TYPE_STRING:
+        *value = field.get<TYPE_STRING>();
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_CHAR:
+        *value = field.get<TYPE_CHAR>();
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_VARCHAR:
+        *value = field.get<TYPE_VARCHAR>();
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_VARBINARY: {
+        auto ref = field.get<TYPE_VARBINARY>().to_string_ref();
+        value->assign(ref.data, ref.size);
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    default:
+        return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT binary field has unexpected 
Doris type {}",
+                                  field.get_type_name());
+    }
+}
+
+static PathInData append_path(const PathInData& prefix, const PathInData& 
suffix) {
+    if (prefix.empty()) {
+        return suffix;
+    }
+    if (suffix.empty()) {
+        return prefix;
+    }
+    PathInDataBuilder builder;
+    builder.append(prefix.get_parts(), false);
+    builder.append(suffix.get_parts(), false);
+    return builder.build();
+}
+
+static Status make_jsonb_field(std::string_view json, FieldWithDataType* 
value) {
+    JsonBinaryValue jsonb_value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(jsonb_value.from_json_string(json.data(), json.size()));
+    value->field =
+            Field::create_field<TYPE_JSONB>(JsonbField(jsonb_value.value(), 
jsonb_value.size()));
+    value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_JSONB;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status make_empty_object_field(Field* field) {
+    FieldWithDataType value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(make_jsonb_field("{}", &value));
+    *field = std::move(value.field);
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status insert_jsonb_value(const PathInData& path, std::string_view json,
+                                 VariantMap* values) {
+    FieldWithDataType value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(make_jsonb_field(json, &value));
+    (*values)[path] = std::move(value);
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status insert_empty_object_marker(const PathInData& path, VariantMap* 
values) {
+    return insert_jsonb_value(path, "{}", values);
+}
+
+static bool is_empty_object_marker(const FieldWithDataType& value) {
+    if (value.field.get_type() != TYPE_JSONB) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const auto& jsonb = value.field.get<TYPE_JSONB>();
+    const JsonbDocument* document = nullptr;
+    Status st =
+            JsonbDocument::checkAndCreateDocument(jsonb.get_value(), 
jsonb.get_size(), &document);
+    if (!st.ok() || document == nullptr || document->getValue() == nullptr ||
+        !document->getValue()->isObject()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return document->getValue()->unpack<ObjectVal>()->numElem() == 0;
+}
+
+static Status collect_empty_object_markers(const rapidjson::Value& value, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                           VariantMap* values) {
+    if (!value.IsObject()) {
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (value.MemberCount() == 0) {
+        return insert_empty_object_marker(path->build(), values);
+    }
+    for (auto it = value.MemberBegin(); it != value.MemberEnd(); ++it) {
+        if (it->value.IsObject()) {
+            path->append(std::string_view(it->name.GetString(), 
it->name.GetStringLength()), false);
+            RETURN_IF_ERROR(collect_empty_object_markers(it->value, path, 
values));
+            path->pop_back();
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status add_empty_object_markers_from_json(const std::string& json, 
const PathInData& prefix,
+                                                 VariantMap* values) {
+    if (json.find("{}") == std::string::npos) {
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    rapidjson::Document document;
+    document.Parse(json.data(), json.size());
+    if (document.HasParseError()) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Invalid Parquet VARIANT decoded JSON");
+    }
+    PathInDataBuilder path;
+    path.append(prefix.get_parts(), false);
+    return collect_empty_object_markers(document, &path, values);
+}
+
+static Status parse_json_to_variant_map(const std::string& json, const 
PathInData& prefix,
+                                        VariantMap* values) {
+    auto parsed_column = ColumnVariant::create(0, false);
+    ParseConfig parse_config;
+    StringRef json_ref(json.data(), json.size());
+    RETURN_IF_CATCH_EXCEPTION(
+            variant_util::parse_json_to_variant(*parsed_column, json_ref, 
nullptr, parse_config));
+    Field parsed = (*parsed_column)[0];
+    if (!parsed.is_null()) {
+        auto& parsed_values = parsed.get<TYPE_VARIANT>();
+        for (auto& [path, value] : parsed_values) {
+            (*values)[append_path(prefix, path)] = std::move(value);
+        }
+    }
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(add_empty_object_markers_from_json(json, prefix, values));
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status variant_map_to_json(VariantMap values, std::string* json) {
+    auto variant_column = ColumnVariant::create(0, false);
+    RETURN_IF_CATCH_EXCEPTION(
+            
variant_column->insert(Field::create_field<TYPE_VARIANT>(std::move(values))));
+    DataTypeSerDe::FormatOptions options;
+    variant_column->serialize_one_row_to_string(0, json, options);
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static bool path_has_prefix(const PathInData& path, const PathInData& prefix) {
+    const auto& parts = path.get_parts();
+    const auto& prefix_parts = prefix.get_parts();
+    if (parts.size() < prefix_parts.size()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < prefix_parts.size(); ++i) {
+        if (parts[i] != prefix_parts[i]) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool has_descendant_path(const VariantMap& values, const PathInData& 
prefix) {
+    const size_t prefix_size = prefix.get_parts().size();
+    return std::ranges::any_of(values, [&](const auto& entry) {
+        const auto& path = entry.first;
+        return path.get_parts().size() > prefix_size && path_has_prefix(path, 
prefix);
+    });
+}
+
+static void erase_shadowed_empty_object_markers(VariantMap* values,
+                                                const VariantMap& 
shadowing_values) {
+    for (auto it = values->begin(); it != values->end();) {
+        if (is_empty_object_marker(it->second) &&
+            (has_descendant_path(*values, it->first) ||
+             has_descendant_path(shadowing_values, it->first))) {
+            it = values->erase(it);
+            continue;
+        }
+        ++it;
+    }
+}
+
+static void erase_shadowed_empty_object_markers(VariantMap* value_values,
+                                                VariantMap* typed_values) {
+    erase_shadowed_empty_object_markers(value_values, *typed_values);
+    erase_shadowed_empty_object_markers(typed_values, *value_values);
+}
+
+static Status check_no_shredded_value_typed_duplicates(const VariantMap& 
value_values,
+                                                       const VariantMap& 
typed_values,
+                                                       const PathInData& 
prefix) {
+    const size_t prefix_size = prefix.get_parts().size();
+    for (const auto& value_entry : value_values) {
+        const auto& value_path = value_entry.first;
+        if (!path_has_prefix(value_path, prefix)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (value_path.get_parts().size() == prefix_size) {
+            if (is_empty_object_marker(value_entry.second) &&
+                !has_descendant_path(typed_values, value_path)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!typed_values.empty()) {
+                return Status::Corruption(
+                        "Parquet VARIANT residual value conflicts with 
typed_value at path {}",
+                        value_path.get_path());
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        for (const auto& typed_entry : typed_values) {
+            const auto& typed_path = typed_entry.first;
+            if (!path_has_prefix(typed_path, prefix)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (typed_path.get_parts().size() == prefix_size) {
+                if (is_empty_object_marker(typed_entry.second) &&
+                    !has_descendant_path(value_values, typed_path)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                return Status::Corruption(
+                        "Parquet VARIANT residual value and typed_value 
contain duplicate field {}",
+                        value_path.get_parts()[prefix_size].key);
+            }
+            if (value_path.get_parts()[prefix_size] == 
typed_path.get_parts()[prefix_size]) {
+                if (value_path == typed_path && 
is_empty_object_marker(value_entry.second) &&
+                    is_empty_object_marker(typed_entry.second)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                return Status::Corruption(
+                        "Parquet VARIANT residual value and typed_value 
contain duplicate field {}",
+                        value_path.get_parts()[prefix_size].key);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static bool has_direct_typed_parent_null(const std::vector<const NullMap*>& 
null_maps, size_t row) {
+    return std::ranges::any_of(null_maps, [&](const NullMap* null_map) {
+        DCHECK_LT(row, null_map->size());
+        return (*null_map)[row];
+    });
+}
+
+static void insert_direct_typed_leaf_range(const IColumn& column, size_t 
start, size_t rows,
+                                           const std::vector<const NullMap*>& 
parent_null_maps,
+                                           IColumn* variant_leaf) {
+    auto& nullable_leaf = assert_cast<ColumnNullable&>(*variant_leaf);
+    const IColumn* value_column = &column;
+    const NullMap* leaf_null_map = nullptr;
+    if (const auto* nullable_column = 
check_and_get_column<ColumnNullable>(&column)) {
+        value_column = &nullable_column->get_nested_column();
+        leaf_null_map = &nullable_column->get_null_map_data();
+    }
+
+    nullable_leaf.get_nested_column().insert_range_from(*value_column, start, 
rows);
+    auto& null_map = nullable_leaf.get_null_map_data();
+    null_map.reserve(null_map.size() + rows);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
+        const size_t row = start + i;
+        const bool leaf_is_null = leaf_null_map != nullptr && 
(*leaf_null_map)[row];
+        null_map.push_back(leaf_is_null || 
has_direct_typed_parent_null(parent_null_maps, row));
+    }
+}
+
+static bool is_temporal_variant_leaf_type(PrimitiveType type) {
+    switch (type) {
+    case TYPE_TIMEV2:
+    case TYPE_DATE:
+    case TYPE_DATETIME:
+    case TYPE_DATEV2:
+    case TYPE_DATETIMEV2:
+    case TYPE_TIMESTAMPTZ:
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+static bool is_uuid_typed_value_field(const FieldSchema& field_schema);
+static bool contains_uuid_typed_value_field(const FieldSchema& field_schema);
+
+static DataTypePtr direct_variant_leaf_type(const DataTypePtr& data_type) {
+    const auto& type = remove_nullable(data_type);
+    if (is_temporal_variant_leaf_type(type->get_primitive_type())) {
+        return std::make_shared<DataTypeInt64>();
+    }
+    return type;
+}
+
+static DataTypePtr direct_variant_leaf_type(const FieldSchema& field_schema) {
+    if (is_uuid_typed_value_field(field_schema)) {
+        return std::make_shared<DataTypeString>();
+    }
+    return direct_variant_leaf_type(field_schema.data_type);
+}
+
+static bool contains_temporal_variant_leaf_type(const DataTypePtr& data_type) {
+    const auto& type = remove_nullable(data_type);
+    if (is_temporal_variant_leaf_type(type->get_primitive_type())) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_ARRAY) {
+        return contains_temporal_variant_leaf_type(
+                assert_cast<const 
DataTypeArray*>(type.get())->get_nested_type());
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static int64_t direct_temporal_variant_value(PrimitiveType type, const 
IColumn& column,
+                                             size_t row) {
+    switch (type) {
+    case TYPE_TIMEV2:
+        return static_cast<int64_t>(
+                std::llround(assert_cast<const 
ColumnTimeV2&>(column).get_data()[row]));
+    case TYPE_DATE:
+        return variant_date_value(assert_cast<const 
ColumnDate&>(column).get_data()[row]);
+    case TYPE_DATETIME:
+        return variant_datetime_value(assert_cast<const 
ColumnDateTime&>(column).get_data()[row]);
+    case TYPE_DATEV2:
+        return variant_date_value(assert_cast<const 
ColumnDateV2&>(column).get_data()[row]);
+    case TYPE_DATETIMEV2:
+        return variant_datetime_value(assert_cast<const 
ColumnDateTimeV2&>(column).get_data()[row]);
+    case TYPE_TIMESTAMPTZ:
+        return variant_datetime_value(
+                assert_cast<const ColumnTimeStampTz&>(column).get_data()[row]);
+    default:
+        DORIS_CHECK(false);
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static void insert_direct_typed_temporal_leaf_range(
+        PrimitiveType type, const IColumn& column, size_t start, size_t rows,
+        const std::vector<const NullMap*>& parent_null_maps, IColumn* 
variant_leaf) {
+    auto& nullable_leaf = assert_cast<ColumnNullable&>(*variant_leaf);
+    const IColumn* value_column = &column;
+    const NullMap* leaf_null_map = nullptr;
+    if (const auto* nullable_column = 
check_and_get_column<ColumnNullable>(&column)) {
+        value_column = &nullable_column->get_nested_column();
+        leaf_null_map = &nullable_column->get_null_map_data();
+    }
+
+    auto& data = 
assert_cast<ColumnInt64&>(nullable_leaf.get_nested_column()).get_data();
+    data.reserve(data.size() + rows);
+    auto& null_map = nullable_leaf.get_null_map_data();
+    null_map.reserve(null_map.size() + rows);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
+        const size_t row = start + i;
+        data.push_back(direct_temporal_variant_value(type, *value_column, 
row));
+        const bool leaf_is_null = leaf_null_map != nullptr && 
(*leaf_null_map)[row];
+        null_map.push_back(leaf_is_null || 
has_direct_typed_parent_null(parent_null_maps, row));
+    }
+}
+
+static Status insert_direct_typed_uuid_leaf_range(
+        const IColumn& column, size_t start, size_t rows,
+        const std::vector<const NullMap*>& parent_null_maps, IColumn* 
variant_leaf) {
+    auto& nullable_leaf = assert_cast<ColumnNullable&>(*variant_leaf);
+    const IColumn* value_column = &column;
+    const NullMap* leaf_null_map = nullptr;
+    if (const auto* nullable_column = 
check_and_get_column<ColumnNullable>(&column)) {
+        value_column = &nullable_column->get_nested_column();
+        leaf_null_map = &nullable_column->get_null_map_data();
+    }
+
+    auto& data = assert_cast<ColumnString&>(nullable_leaf.get_nested_column());
+    auto& null_map = nullable_leaf.get_null_map_data();
+    null_map.reserve(null_map.size() + rows);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
+        const size_t row = start + i;
+        const bool leaf_is_null = leaf_null_map != nullptr && 
(*leaf_null_map)[row];
+        const bool is_null = leaf_is_null || 
has_direct_typed_parent_null(parent_null_maps, row);
+        if (is_null) {
+            data.insert_default();
+            null_map.push_back(1);
+            continue;
+        }
+        StringRef bytes = value_column->get_data_at(row);
+        if (bytes.size != 16) {
+            return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT UUID typed_value has 
invalid length {}",
+                                      bytes.size);
+        }
+        std::string uuid =
+                parquet::format_variant_uuid(reinterpret_cast<const 
uint8_t*>(bytes.data));
+        data.insert_data(uuid.data(), uuid.size());
+        null_map.push_back(0);
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static void append_json_string(std::string_view value, std::string* json) {
+    auto column = ColumnString::create();
+    VectorBufferWriter writer(*column);
+    writer.write_json_string(value);
+    writer.commit();
+    json->append(column->get_data_at(0).data, column->get_data_at(0).size);
+}
+
+static bool is_column_selected(const FieldSchema& field_schema,
+                               const std::set<uint64_t>& column_ids) {
+    return column_ids.empty() || column_ids.find(field_schema.get_column_id()) 
!= column_ids.end();
+}
+
+static bool has_selected_column(const FieldSchema& field_schema,
+                                const std::set<uint64_t>& column_ids) {
+    if (is_column_selected(field_schema, column_ids)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return std::any_of(field_schema.children.begin(), 
field_schema.children.end(),
+                       [&column_ids](const FieldSchema& child) {
+                           return has_selected_column(child, column_ids);
+                       });
+}
+
+static bool is_direct_variant_leaf_type(const DataTypePtr& data_type) {
+    const auto& type = remove_nullable(data_type);
+    switch (type->get_primitive_type()) {
+    case TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+    case TYPE_TINYINT:
+    case TYPE_SMALLINT:
+    case TYPE_INT:
+    case TYPE_BIGINT:
+    case TYPE_LARGEINT:
+    case TYPE_DECIMALV2:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL32:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL64:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL128I:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL256:
+    case TYPE_STRING:
+    case TYPE_CHAR:
+    case TYPE_VARCHAR:
+    case TYPE_VARBINARY:
+        return true;
+    case TYPE_TIMEV2:
+    case TYPE_DATE:
+    case TYPE_DATETIME:
+    case TYPE_DATEV2:
+    case TYPE_DATETIMEV2:
+    case TYPE_TIMESTAMPTZ:
+        return true;
+    case TYPE_ARRAY: {
+        const auto* array_type = assert_cast<const DataTypeArray*>(type.get());
+        return 
!contains_temporal_variant_leaf_type(array_type->get_nested_type()) &&
+               is_direct_variant_leaf_type(array_type->get_nested_type());
+    }
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+static bool can_direct_read_typed_value(const FieldSchema& field_schema, bool 
allow_variant_wrapper,
+                                        const std::set<uint64_t>& column_ids) {
+    if (!has_selected_column(field_schema, column_ids)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (allow_variant_wrapper && is_variant_wrapper_field(field_schema, 
false)) {
+        const int value_idx = find_child_idx(field_schema, "value");
+        const int typed_value_idx = find_child_idx(field_schema, 
"typed_value");
+        return (value_idx < 0 ||
+                !has_selected_column(field_schema.children[value_idx], 
column_ids)) &&
+               typed_value_idx >= 0 &&
+               
can_direct_read_typed_value(field_schema.children[typed_value_idx], false,
+                                           column_ids);
+    }
+
+    const auto& type = remove_nullable(field_schema.data_type);
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_STRUCT) {
+        return std::all_of(field_schema.children.begin(), 
field_schema.children.end(),
+                           [&column_ids](const FieldSchema& child) {
+                               return can_direct_read_typed_value(child, true, 
column_ids);
+                           });
+    }
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_ARRAY && 
contains_uuid_typed_value_field(field_schema)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return is_direct_variant_leaf_type(field_schema.data_type);
+}
+
+static bool has_selected_direct_typed_leaf(const FieldSchema& field_schema,
+                                           bool allow_variant_wrapper,
+                                           const std::set<uint64_t>& 
column_ids) {
+    if (!has_selected_column(field_schema, column_ids)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (allow_variant_wrapper && is_variant_wrapper_field(field_schema, 
false)) {
+        const int typed_value_idx = find_child_idx(field_schema, 
"typed_value");
+        DCHECK_GE(typed_value_idx, 0);
+        return 
has_selected_direct_typed_leaf(field_schema.children[typed_value_idx], false,
+                                              column_ids);
+    }
+
+    const auto& type = remove_nullable(field_schema.data_type);
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_STRUCT) {
+        return std::any_of(field_schema.children.begin(), 
field_schema.children.end(),
+                           [&column_ids](const FieldSchema& child) {
+                               return has_selected_direct_typed_leaf(child, 
true, column_ids);
+                           });
+    }
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_ARRAY && 
contains_uuid_typed_value_field(field_schema)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return is_direct_variant_leaf_type(field_schema.data_type);
+}
+
+static bool can_use_direct_typed_only_value(const FieldSchema& variant_field,
+                                            const std::set<uint64_t>& 
column_ids) {
+    const int value_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "value");
+    const int typed_value_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "typed_value");
+    return (value_idx < 0 || 
!has_selected_column(variant_field.children[value_idx], column_ids)) &&
+           typed_value_idx >= 0 &&
+           
has_selected_direct_typed_leaf(variant_field.children[typed_value_idx], false,
+                                          column_ids) &&
+           
can_direct_read_typed_value(variant_field.children[typed_value_idx], false, 
column_ids);
+}
+
+static DataTypePtr make_variant_struct_reader_type(const FieldSchema& field) {
+    DataTypes child_types;
+    Strings child_names;
+    child_types.reserve(field.children.size());
+    child_names.reserve(field.children.size());
+    for (const auto& child : field.children) {
+        child_types.push_back(make_nullable(child.data_type));
+        child_names.push_back(child.name);
+    }
+    return std::make_shared<DataTypeStruct>(child_types, child_names);
+}
+
+static ColumnPtr make_variant_struct_read_column(const FieldSchema& field,
+                                                 const DataTypePtr& 
variant_struct_type) {
+    if (field.data_type->is_nullable()) {
+        return make_nullable(variant_struct_type)->create_column();
+    }
+    return variant_struct_type->create_column();
+}
+
+static void fill_variant_field_info(FieldWithDataType* value) {
+    FieldInfo info;
+    variant_util::get_field_info(value->field, &info);
+    DCHECK_LE(info.num_dimensions, std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max());
+    value->base_scalar_type_id = info.scalar_type_id;
+    value->num_dimensions = static_cast<uint8_t>(info.num_dimensions);
+}
+
+static void fill_variant_leaf_type_info(const DataTypePtr& data_type, 
FieldWithDataType* value) {
+    auto leaf_type = remove_nullable(data_type);
+    while (leaf_type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_ARRAY) {
+        leaf_type = remove_nullable(
+                assert_cast<const 
DataTypeArray*>(leaf_type.get())->get_nested_type());
+    }
+    if (is_decimal(leaf_type->get_primitive_type())) {
+        value->precision = leaf_type->get_precision();
+        value->scale = leaf_type->get_scale();
+    }
+}
+
+template <PrimitiveType Primitive>
+static Status fill_floating_point_variant_field(const Field& field, 
FieldWithDataType* value) {
+    const auto typed_value = field.get<Primitive>();
+    if (!std::isfinite(typed_value)) {
+        return Status::NotSupported(
+                "Parquet VARIANT non-finite floating point typed_value is not 
supported");
+    }
+    value->field = field;
+    fill_variant_field_info(value);
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static bool is_uuid_typed_value_field(const FieldSchema& field_schema) {
+    return field_schema.parquet_schema.__isset.logicalType &&
+           field_schema.parquet_schema.logicalType.__isset.UUID;
+}
+
+static bool contains_uuid_typed_value_field(const FieldSchema& field_schema) {
+    return is_uuid_typed_value_field(field_schema) ||
+           std::any_of(
+                   field_schema.children.begin(), field_schema.children.end(),
+                   [](const FieldSchema& child) { return 
contains_uuid_typed_value_field(child); });
+}
+
+static Status uuid_field_to_string(const Field& field, std::string* uuid) {
+    StringRef bytes;
+    switch (field.get_type()) {
+    case TYPE_STRING:
+        bytes = StringRef(field.get<TYPE_STRING>());
+        break;
+    case TYPE_CHAR:
+        bytes = StringRef(field.get<TYPE_CHAR>());
+        break;
+    case TYPE_VARCHAR:
+        bytes = StringRef(field.get<TYPE_VARCHAR>());
+        break;
+    case TYPE_VARBINARY:
+        bytes = field.get<TYPE_VARBINARY>().to_string_ref();
+        break;
+    default:
+        return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT UUID typed_value has 
unexpected Doris type {}",
+                                  field.get_type_name());
+    }
+    if (bytes.size != 16) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT UUID typed_value has 
invalid length {}",
+                                  bytes.size);
+    }
+    *uuid = parquet::format_variant_uuid(reinterpret_cast<const 
uint8_t*>(bytes.data));
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status fill_uuid_variant_field(const Field& field, FieldWithDataType* 
value) {
+    std::string uuid;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(uuid_field_to_string(field, &uuid));
+    value->field = Field::create_field<TYPE_STRING>(std::move(uuid));
+    value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_STRING;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static uint8_t direct_array_dimensions(const DataTypePtr& data_type) {
+    uint8_t num_dimensions = 0;
+    auto type = remove_nullable(data_type);
+    while (type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_ARRAY) {
+        ++num_dimensions;
+        type = remove_nullable(assert_cast<const 
DataTypeArray*>(type.get())->get_nested_type());
+    }
+    return num_dimensions;
+}
+
+static Status convert_uuid_array_value(const FieldSchema& field_schema, const 
Field& field,
+                                       Field* converted) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *converted = Field();
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    const auto& type = remove_nullable(field_schema.data_type);
+    if (type->get_primitive_type() == TYPE_ARRAY) {
+        if (field_schema.children.empty()) {
+            return Status::Corruption(
+                    "Parquet VARIANT UUID array typed_value has no element 
schema");
+        }
+        Array converted_elements;
+        const auto& elements = field.get<TYPE_ARRAY>();
+        converted_elements.reserve(elements.size());
+        for (const auto& element : elements) {
+            Field converted_element;
+            RETURN_IF_ERROR(convert_uuid_array_value(field_schema.children[0], 
element,
+                                                     &converted_element));
+            converted_elements.push_back(std::move(converted_element));
+        }
+        *converted = 
Field::create_field<TYPE_ARRAY>(std::move(converted_elements));
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    if (!is_uuid_typed_value_field(field_schema)) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT UUID array has non-UUID 
element schema");
+    }
+    FieldWithDataType value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(fill_uuid_variant_field(field, &value));
+    *converted = std::move(value.field);
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status fill_uuid_array_variant_field(const FieldSchema& field_schema, 
const Field& field,
+                                            FieldWithDataType* value, bool* 
present) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *present = false;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    *present = true;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(convert_uuid_array_value(field_schema, field, 
&value->field));
+    value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_STRING;
+    value->num_dimensions = direct_array_dimensions(field_schema.data_type);
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status field_to_variant_field(const FieldSchema& field_schema, const 
Field& field,
+                                     FieldWithDataType* value, bool* present) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *present = false;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    *present = true;
+    if (is_uuid_typed_value_field(field_schema)) {
+        return fill_uuid_variant_field(field, value);
+    }
+    const DataTypePtr& type = remove_nullable(field_schema.data_type);
+    switch (type->get_primitive_type()) {
+    case TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+    case TYPE_TINYINT:
+    case TYPE_SMALLINT:
+    case TYPE_INT:
+    case TYPE_BIGINT:
+    case TYPE_LARGEINT:
+    case TYPE_DECIMALV2:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL32:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL64:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL128I:
+    case TYPE_DECIMAL256:
+    case TYPE_STRING:
+    case TYPE_CHAR:
+    case TYPE_VARCHAR:
+    case TYPE_VARBINARY:
+    case TYPE_ARRAY:
+        value->field = field;
+        fill_variant_field_info(value);
+        fill_variant_leaf_type_info(type, value);
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_FLOAT:
+        return fill_floating_point_variant_field<TYPE_FLOAT>(field, value);
+    case TYPE_DOUBLE:
+        return fill_floating_point_variant_field<TYPE_DOUBLE>(field, value);
+    case TYPE_TIMEV2:
+        value->field = Field::create_field<TYPE_BIGINT>(
+                static_cast<int64_t>(std::llround(field.get<TYPE_TIMEV2>())));
+        value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_BIGINT;
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_DATE:
+        value->field = 
Field::create_field<TYPE_BIGINT>(variant_date_value(field.get<TYPE_DATE>()));
+        value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_BIGINT;
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_DATETIME:
+        value->field = Field::create_field<TYPE_BIGINT>(
+                variant_datetime_value(field.get<TYPE_DATETIME>()));
+        value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_BIGINT;
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_DATEV2:
+        value->field =
+                
Field::create_field<TYPE_BIGINT>(variant_date_value(field.get<TYPE_DATEV2>()));
+        value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_BIGINT;
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_DATETIMEV2:
+        value->field = Field::create_field<TYPE_BIGINT>(
+                variant_datetime_value(field.get<TYPE_DATETIMEV2>()));
+        value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_BIGINT;
+        return Status::OK();
+    case TYPE_TIMESTAMPTZ:
+        value->field = Field::create_field<TYPE_BIGINT>(
+                variant_datetime_value(field.get<TYPE_TIMESTAMPTZ>()));
+        value->base_scalar_type_id = TYPE_BIGINT;
+        return Status::OK();
+    default:
+        return Status::Corruption("Unsupported Parquet VARIANT typed_value 
Doris type {}",
+                                  type->get_name());
+    }
+}
+
+static Status typed_value_to_json(const FieldSchema& typed_value_field, const 
Field& field,
+                                  const std::string& metadata, std::string* 
json, bool* present);
+
+static Status serialize_field_to_json(const DataTypePtr& data_type, const 
Field& field,
+                                      std::string* json) {
+    MutableColumnPtr column = data_type->create_column();
+    column->insert(field);
+
+    auto json_column = ColumnString::create();
+    VectorBufferWriter writer(*json_column);
+    auto serde = data_type->get_serde();
+    DataTypeSerDe::FormatOptions options;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(serde->serialize_one_cell_to_json(*column, 0, writer, 
options));
+    writer.commit();
+    *json = json_column->get_data_at(0).to_string();
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status scalar_typed_value_to_json(const FieldSchema& field_schema, 
const Field& field,
+                                         std::string* json, bool* present) {
+    FieldWithDataType value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(field_to_variant_field(field_schema, field, &value, 
present));
+    if (!*present) {
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (value.field.is_null()) {
+        *json = "null";
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (!is_uuid_typed_value_field(field_schema) &&
+        remove_nullable(field_schema.data_type)->get_primitive_type() == 
TYPE_VARBINARY) {
+        return Status::NotSupported(
+                "Parquet VARIANT binary typed_value cannot be serialized to 
JSON");
+    }
+
+    DataTypePtr json_type;
+    if (value.base_scalar_type_id != PrimitiveType::INVALID_TYPE) {
+        json_type = 
DataTypeFactory::instance().create_data_type(value.base_scalar_type_id, false,
+                                                                 
value.precision, value.scale);
+    } else {
+        json_type = remove_nullable(field_schema.data_type);
+    }
+    return serialize_field_to_json(json_type, value.field, json);
+}
+
+static Status resolve_variant_metadata(const FieldSchema& variant_field, const 
Struct& fields,
+                                       const std::string* inherited_metadata, 
std::string* metadata,
+                                       bool* has_metadata) {
+    *has_metadata = false;
+    if (inherited_metadata != nullptr) {
+        *metadata = *inherited_metadata;
+        *has_metadata = true;
+    }
+
+    const int metadata_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "metadata");
+    if (metadata_idx >= 0) {
+        bool metadata_present = false;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(get_binary_field(fields[metadata_idx], metadata, 
&metadata_present));
+        *has_metadata = metadata_present;
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status variant_typed_value_to_json(const FieldSchema& variant_field, 
const Struct& fields,
+                                          const std::string& metadata, 
std::string* typed_json,
+                                          bool* typed_present) {
+    *typed_present = false;
+    const int typed_value_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "typed_value");
+    if (typed_value_idx < 0) {
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    return typed_value_to_json(variant_field.children[typed_value_idx], 
fields[typed_value_idx],
+                               metadata, typed_json, typed_present);
+}
+
+static Status variant_residual_value_to_json(const FieldSchema& variant_field, 
const Struct& fields,
+                                             const std::string& metadata, bool 
has_metadata,
+                                             std::string* value_json, bool* 
value_present) {
+    *value_present = false;
+    const int value_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "value");
+    if (value_idx < 0) {
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    std::string value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(get_binary_field(fields[value_idx], &value, 
value_present));
+    if (!*value_present) {
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (!has_metadata) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT value is present without 
metadata");
+    }
+    return parquet::decode_variant_to_json(StringRef(metadata.data(), 
metadata.size()),
+                                           StringRef(value.data(), 
value.size()), value_json);
+}
+
+static Status merge_variant_value_and_typed_json(const std::string& value_json,
+                                                 const std::string& 
typed_json, std::string* json) {
+    VariantMap value_values;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(parse_json_to_variant_map(value_json, PathInData(), 
&value_values));
+    VariantMap typed_values;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(parse_json_to_variant_map(typed_json, PathInData(), 
&typed_values));
+    erase_shadowed_empty_object_markers(&value_values, &typed_values);
+    auto root_value = value_values.find(PathInData());
+    if (root_value != value_values.end() && 
!is_empty_object_marker(root_value->second)) {
+        return Status::Corruption(
+                "Parquet VARIANT has conflicting non-object value and 
typed_value");
+    }
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(
+            check_no_shredded_value_typed_duplicates(value_values, 
typed_values, PathInData()));
+    value_values.merge(std::move(typed_values));
+    return variant_map_to_json(std::move(value_values), json);
+}
+
+static Status variant_to_json(const FieldSchema& variant_field, const Field& 
field,
+                              const std::string* inherited_metadata, 
std::string* json,
+                              bool* present) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *present = false;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    const auto& fields = field.get<TYPE_STRUCT>();
+    std::string metadata;
+    bool has_metadata = false;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(resolve_variant_metadata(variant_field, fields, 
inherited_metadata, &metadata,
+                                             &has_metadata));
+
+    std::string typed_json;
+    bool typed_present = false;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(variant_typed_value_to_json(variant_field, fields, 
metadata, &typed_json,
+                                                &typed_present));
+
+    std::string value_json;
+    bool value_present = false;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(variant_residual_value_to_json(variant_field, fields, 
metadata, has_metadata,
+                                                   &value_json, 
&value_present));
+
+    if (value_present && typed_present) {
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(merge_variant_value_and_typed_json(value_json, 
typed_json, json));
+        *present = true;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    if (typed_present) {
+        *json = std::move(typed_json);
+        *present = true;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (value_present) {
+        *json = std::move(value_json);
+        *present = true;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    *present = false;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status shredded_field_to_json(const FieldSchema& field_schema, const 
Field& field,
+                                     const std::string& metadata, std::string* 
json, bool* present,
+                                     bool 
allow_scalar_typed_value_only_wrapper) {
+    if (is_variant_wrapper_field(field_schema, 
allow_scalar_typed_value_only_wrapper)) {
+        return variant_to_json(field_schema, field, &metadata, json, present);
+    }
+    if (is_value_only_variant_wrapper_candidate(field_schema)) {
+        Status st = variant_to_json(field_schema, field, &metadata, json, 
present);
+        if (st.ok()) {
+            return st;
+        }
+        if (!st.is<ErrorCode::CORRUPTION>()) {
+            return st;
+        }
+    }
+    return typed_value_to_json(field_schema, field, metadata, json, present);
+}
+
+static Status typed_array_to_json(const FieldSchema& typed_value_field, const 
Field& field,
+                                  const std::string& metadata, std::string* 
json, bool* present) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *present = false;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (typed_value_field.children.empty()) {
+        return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT array typed_value has no 
element schema");
+    }
+
+    const auto& elements = field.get<TYPE_ARRAY>();
+    const auto& element_schema = typed_value_field.children[0];
+    json->clear();
+    json->push_back('[');
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < elements.size(); ++i) {
+        if (i != 0) {
+            json->push_back(',');
+        }
+        std::string element_json;
+        bool element_present = false;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(shredded_field_to_json(element_schema, elements[i], 
metadata, &element_json,
+                                               &element_present, true));
+        if (element_present) {
+            json->append(element_json);
+        } else {
+            json->append("null");
+        }
+    }
+    json->push_back(']');
+    *present = true;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status typed_struct_to_json(const FieldSchema& typed_value_field, const 
Field& field,
+                                   const std::string& metadata, std::string* 
json, bool* present) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *present = false;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+    const auto& fields = field.get<TYPE_STRUCT>();
+    json->clear();
+    json->push_back('{');
+    bool first = true;
+    for (int i = 0; i < typed_value_field.children.size(); ++i) {
+        std::string child_json;
+        bool child_present = false;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(shredded_field_to_json(typed_value_field.children[i], 
fields[i], metadata,
+                                               &child_json, &child_present, 
false));
+        if (!child_present) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!first) {
+            json->push_back(',');
+        }
+        append_json_string(typed_value_field.children[i].name, json);
+        json->push_back(':');
+        json->append(child_json);
+        first = false;
+    }
+    json->push_back('}');
+    *present = true;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status typed_value_to_json(const FieldSchema& typed_value_field, const 
Field& field,
+                                  const std::string& metadata, std::string* 
json, bool* present) {
+    const DataTypePtr& typed_type = 
remove_nullable(typed_value_field.data_type);
+    switch (typed_type->get_primitive_type()) {
+    case TYPE_STRUCT:
+        return typed_struct_to_json(typed_value_field, field, metadata, json, 
present);
+    case TYPE_ARRAY:
+        return typed_array_to_json(typed_value_field, field, metadata, json, 
present);
+    default:
+        return scalar_typed_value_to_json(typed_value_field, field, json, 
present);
+    }
+}
+
+static Status typed_value_to_variant_map(const FieldSchema& typed_value_field, 
const Field& field,
+                                         const std::string& metadata, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                         VariantMap* values, bool* present,
+                                         std::deque<std::string>* 
string_values);
+
+static Status variant_to_variant_map(const FieldSchema& variant_field, const 
Field& field,
+                                     const std::string* inherited_metadata, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                     VariantMap* values, bool* present,
+                                     std::deque<std::string>* string_values) {
+    if (field.is_null()) {
+        *present = false;
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    const auto& fields = field.get<TYPE_STRUCT>();
+    const int metadata_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "metadata");
+    const int value_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "value");
+    const int typed_value_idx = find_child_idx(variant_field, "typed_value");
+
+    std::string metadata;
+    bool has_metadata = false;
+    if (inherited_metadata != nullptr) {
+        metadata = *inherited_metadata;
+        has_metadata = true;
+    }
+    if (metadata_idx >= 0) {
+        bool metadata_present = false;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(get_binary_field(fields[metadata_idx], &metadata, 
&metadata_present));
+        has_metadata = metadata_present;
+    }
+
+    VariantMap value_values;
+    bool value_present = false;
+    const PathInData current_path = path->build();
+    if (value_idx >= 0) {
+        std::string value;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(get_binary_field(fields[value_idx], &value, 
&value_present));
+        if (value_present) {
+            if (!has_metadata) {
+                return Status::Corruption("Parquet VARIANT value is present 
without metadata");
+            }
+            RETURN_IF_ERROR(parquet::decode_variant_to_variant_map(
+                    StringRef(metadata.data(), metadata.size()),
+                    StringRef(value.data(), value.size()), current_path, 
&value_values,
+                    string_values));
+        }
+    }
+
+    VariantMap typed_values;
+    bool typed_present = false;
+    if (typed_value_idx >= 0) {
+        
RETURN_IF_ERROR(typed_value_to_variant_map(variant_field.children[typed_value_idx],
+                                                   fields[typed_value_idx], 
metadata, path,
+                                                   &typed_values, 
&typed_present, string_values));
+    }
+
+    erase_shadowed_empty_object_markers(&value_values, &typed_values);
+    auto current_value = value_values.find(current_path);
+    if (value_present && typed_present && current_value != value_values.end() 
&&
+        !is_empty_object_marker(current_value->second)) {
+        return Status::Corruption(
+                "Parquet VARIANT has conflicting non-object value and 
typed_value");
+    }
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(
+            check_no_shredded_value_typed_duplicates(value_values, 
typed_values, current_path));
+    values->merge(std::move(value_values));
+    values->merge(std::move(typed_values));
+    *present = value_present || typed_present;
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status shredded_field_to_variant_map(const FieldSchema& field_schema, 
const Field& field,
+                                            const std::string& metadata, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                            VariantMap* values, bool* present,
+                                            std::deque<std::string>* 
string_values) {
+    if (is_variant_wrapper_field(field_schema, false)) {
+        return variant_to_variant_map(field_schema, field, &metadata, path, 
values, present,
+                                      string_values);
+    }
+    if (is_value_only_variant_wrapper_candidate(field_schema)) {
+        Status st = variant_to_variant_map(field_schema, field, &metadata, 
path, values, present,
+                                           string_values);
+        if (st.ok()) {
+            return st;
+        }
+        if (!st.is<ErrorCode::CORRUPTION>()) {
+            return st;
+        }
+    }
+    return typed_value_to_variant_map(field_schema, field, metadata, path, 
values, present,
+                                      string_values);
+}
+
+static Status append_typed_field_to_variant_map(const FieldSchema& 
typed_value_field,
+                                                const Field& field, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                                VariantMap* values, bool* 
present) {
+    FieldWithDataType value;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(field_to_variant_field(typed_value_field, field, &value, 
present));
+    if (*present) {
+        (*values)[path->build()] = std::move(value);
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+}
+
+static Status typed_array_to_variant_map(const FieldSchema& typed_value_field, 
const Field& field,
+                                         const std::string& metadata, 
PathInDataBuilder* path,
+                                         VariantMap* values, bool* present,
+                                         std::deque<std::string>*) {
+    if (contains_uuid_typed_value_field(typed_value_field) &&
+        is_direct_variant_leaf_type(typed_value_field.data_type)) {
+        FieldWithDataType value;
+        RETURN_IF_ERROR(fill_uuid_array_variant_field(typed_value_field, 
field, &value, present));
+        if (*present) {
+            (*values)[path->build()] = std::move(value);
+        }
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+    if (is_direct_variant_leaf_type(typed_value_field.data_type)) {
+        return append_typed_field_to_variant_map(typed_value_field, field, 
path, values, present);
+    }
+
+    std::string value_json;
+    RETURN_IF_ERROR(typed_value_to_json(typed_value_field, field, metadata, 
&value_json, present));
+    if (*present) {

Review Comment:
   This row-wise typed array path still serializes non-direct typed arrays 
through JSON, which rejects valid typed binary leaves nested inside array 
elements. A typed-only VARIANT such as `typed_value: array<struct<payload: 
binary>>` cannot use the direct leaf path, so full projection calls 
`typed_value_to_json()` for the array; the nested `payload` then reaches 
`scalar_typed_value_to_json()` and returns `NotSupported("Parquet VARIANT 
binary typed_value cannot be serialized to JSON")`. Valid typed binary data 
should be preserved just like the object-field test does outside arrays. This 
is separate from the existing decimal array type-fidelity issue because it is a 
hard failure for binary leaves inside complex typed arrays. Please build the 
array `VariantMap` recursively without a JSON round trip, or otherwise handle 
binary nested leaves, and add a regression/unit case for 
`array<struct<varbinary>>`.



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