u70b3 commented on code in PR #66637:
URL: https://github.com/apache/doris/pull/66637#discussion_r3819287366


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fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/LanceMetadataReadExecutor.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.datasource.lance;
+
+import org.apache.doris.common.ThreadPoolManager;
+import org.apache.doris.qe.ConnectContext;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/** Runs Lance JNI metadata reads behind a finite FE concurrency and deadline 
boundary. */
+final class LanceMetadataReadExecutor {
+    private static final int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 60;
+    private static final int MAX_CONCURRENT_READS = 4;
+    private static final int MAX_QUEUED_READS = 16;
+    private static final ThreadPoolExecutor EXECUTOR = 
ThreadPoolManager.newDaemonFixedThreadPool(
+            MAX_CONCURRENT_READS,
+            MAX_QUEUED_READS,
+            "lance-metadata-read",
+            false,
+            new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
+
+    private LanceMetadataReadExecutor() {
+    }
+
+    static <T> T execute(Callable<T> task) throws Exception {
+        ConnectContext context = ConnectContext.get();
+        int queryTimeoutSeconds = context == null
+                ? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS : context.getQueryTimeoutS();
+        int timeoutSeconds = queryTimeoutSeconds > 0
+                ? Math.min(queryTimeoutSeconds, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS) : 
DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS;
+        return execute(task, EXECUTOR, timeoutSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static <T> T execute(Callable<T> task, ExecutorService executor,
+            long timeout, TimeUnit timeoutUnit) throws Exception {
+        if (timeout <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Lance metadata read timeout 
must be positive");
+        }
+        long timeoutNanos = timeoutUnit.toNanos(timeout);
+        if (timeoutNanos <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Lance metadata read timeout is 
too small");
+        }
+
+        long deadlineNanos = System.nanoTime() + timeoutNanos;
+        Future<T> future;
+        try {
+            future = executor.submit(() -> {
+                // A request can expire while waiting in the finite queue. Do 
not enter JNI for a
+                // result whose caller has already timed out.
+                if (remainingNanos(deadlineNanos) <= 0) {
+                    throw timeoutFailure(timeout, timeoutUnit);
+                }
+                return task.call();
+            });
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException e) {
+            throw new MetadataReadCapacityException(
+                    "Lance metadata read capacity is exhausted");
+        }
+
+        try {
+            long remainingNanos = remainingNanos(deadlineNanos);
+            if (remainingNanos <= 0) {
+                throw timeoutFailure(timeout, timeoutUnit);
+            }
+            return future.get(remainingNanos, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            // Deliberately do not cancel or interrupt the Future. If JNI has 
started, the worker
+            // remains the sole owner of its Dataset and allocator until the 
native call returns.

Review Comment:
   Good question — this boundary is the trade-off the pool is built around. 
Short answer: temporary exhaustion under pathological storage failure is 
possible and intentional (bounded fail-fast); permanent exhaustion is not, and 
cancelling the Future would change neither.
   
   **Why cancelling doesn't help.** `cancel(true)` only delivers 
`Thread.interrupt()`. The worker is blocked inside a synchronous JNI call; the 
Lance native runtime does not observe Java interrupts, so the thread stays 
occupied until the native call returns regardless. Cancellation would only flip 
the Future's state while the worker — the sole owner of the Dataset and its 
task-scoped 256MB allocator — is still running, re-introducing the ownership 
race this boundary exists to prevent. It doesn't even free the queue slot: a 
cancelled FutureTask stays in the queue until a worker dequeues it.
   
   **Why the pool still recovers.** A stuck native call is already time-bounded 
inside the pinned SDK (lance-core 9.1.0-beta.3 → object_store 0.13.2): every S3 
attempt terminates via `connect_timeout=5s` / `timeout=30s` defaults, and the 
retry loop stops at `max_retries=3` or `retry_timeout=180s` elapsed. So one 
object-store op returns in ≲3.5 min even against an endpoint that hangs every 
request, and one SHOW INDEX task issues only a bounded number of such ops 
(describeIndices reads the already-open snapshot's manifest). Worst-case worker 
occupancy is minutes, not forever; expired queued tasks then fail before 
entering JNI and the pool drains within one deadline.
   
   **What users see during that window.** Submissions beyond 4 running + 16 
queued fail immediately with `MetadataReadCapacityException` — deliberate 
fail-fast backpressure rather than unbounded queuing (each in-flight task owns 
a 256MB Arrow allocator, so an unbounded pool is a native-memory risk). The 
waiting caller is bounded by min(query_timeout, 60s), and the blast radius is 
limited to Lance metadata reads on this FE; query execution and other catalogs 
never touch this pool.
   
   Residual risk I consider acceptable: `file://` datasets on a hung filesystem 
(NFS hard mount) can pin a worker indefinitely — local disk I/O has no timeout, 
and no pool design, cancellation included, can reclaim a thread in 
uninterruptible sleep.
   
   If you prefer a tighter bound, we can pass an explicit 
`client_retry_timeout` (e.g. 30s) with the SHOW INDEX read options as a 
Doris-side default, so a stuck worker returns within roughly the caller 
deadline instead of the 180s SDK default. WDYT?
   



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