zy-kkk commented on code in PR #68453:
URL: https://github.com/apache/doris/pull/68453#discussion_r4129039084


##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/LanceCatalogClient.java:
##########
@@ -235,68 +252,487 @@ public LanceTableMetadata loadBasicTableMetadata(String 
dbName, String tableName
     }
 
     public Schema loadTableSchema(String dbName, String tableName) {
-        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, Optional.empty(),
+        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, LanceRefSelector.latest(),
                 (dataset, access, metrics) -> metrics.measure(Stage.SCHEMA, 
dataset::getSchema));
     }
 
     public LanceTableMetadata loadTableMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
             Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot) {
-        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, tableSnapshot, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope.WITH_INDEXES);
+        return loadTableMetadata(dbName, tableName, 
LanceRefSelector.snapshot(tableSnapshot));
+    }
+
+    public LanceTableMetadata loadTableMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName, LanceRefSelector selector) {
+        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, selector, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope.WITH_INDEXES);
     }
 
     private LanceTableMetadata loadQueryMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
             Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot, 
LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope mode) {
-        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, tableSnapshot,
+        return loadQueryMetadata(dbName, tableName, 
LanceRefSelector.snapshot(tableSnapshot), mode);
+    }
+
+    private LanceTableMetadata loadQueryMetadata(String dbName, String 
tableName,
+            LanceRefSelector selector, LanceMetadataLoader.MetadataScope mode) 
{
+        return readTableSnapshot(dbName, tableName, selector,
                 (dataset, access, metrics) -> 
LanceMetadataLoader.read(dataset, access, mode, metrics));
     }
 
-    /** Pins one resource generation, resolved table access, and the Dataset 
version for the whole read. */
-    private <T> T readTableSnapshot(String dbName, String tableName, 
Optional<TableSnapshot> tableSnapshot,
+    /**
+     * Pins one resource generation, resolved table access, and the Dataset 
version for the whole read.
+     *
+     * <p>The latest version of the main chain is opened once and every other 
selector is a
+     * checkout from that handle, so the SDK resolves the ref with the same 
commit handler
+     * (the namespace's, for a managed table). A tag is resolved first to the 
chain and version it
+     * points at, so a tag created on a branch selects that branch. The two 
shortcuts that skip the
+     * latest open are an explicit version on the main chain, and the latest 
version of a managed
+     * table. For a managed table, "latest" is always the newest version the 
namespace records,
+     * never the newest manifest in storage.
+     */
+    private <T> T readTableSnapshot(String dbName, String tableName, 
LanceRefSelector selector,
             SnapshotReader<T> reader) {
-        LanceTableAccess tableAccess = null;
+        ReadState state = new ReadState(selector, dbName + "." + tableName);
         LanceMetadataMetrics metrics = 
LanceMetadataMetrics.startMetadataRead();
         try {
             T result;
             try (BufferAllocator allocator = 
namespaceAllocator.newChildAllocator(
                     "lance-metadata-read", 0, namespaceAllocator.getLimit())) {
-                tableAccess = metrics.measure(Stage.TABLE_ACCESS,
+                state.access = metrics.measure(Stage.TABLE_ACCESS,
                         () -> namespaceClient.resolveTableAccess(dbName, 
tableName));
-                OptionalLong version = OptionalLong.empty();
-                if (tableSnapshot.isPresent()) {
-                    TableSnapshot snapshot = tableSnapshot.get();
-                    if (snapshot.getType() == 
TableSnapshot.VersionType.VERSION) {
-                        version = 
OptionalLong.of(LanceSnapshotResolver.parseVersion(snapshot.getValue()));
-                    } else {
-                        long timestamp = 
TimeUtils.timeStringToLong(snapshot.getValue(), TimeUtils.getTimeZone());
-                        if (timestamp < 0) {
-                            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                                    "Cannot parse Lance FOR TIME AS OF value 
'" + snapshot.getValue() + "'");
-                        }
-                        try (Dataset latest = openDataset(allocator, 
tableAccess, OptionalLong.empty(), metrics)) {
-                            version = 
OptionalLong.of(metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE,
-                                    () -> 
LanceSnapshotResolver.getVersionAtOrBefore(latest, timestamp)));
-                        }
+                OptionalLong direct = directMainVersion(state, metrics);
+                if (direct.isPresent() || isLatestMain(selector)) {
+                    state.version = direct;
+                    try (Dataset dataset = openDataset(allocator, state, 
direct, metrics)) {
+                        result = reader.read(dataset, state.access, metrics);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    OptionalLong mainVersion = 
state.access.isManagedVersioning()
+                            ? OptionalLong.of(recordedLatestVersion(state, 
Optional.empty(), metrics))
+                            : OptionalLong.empty();
+                    try (Dataset main = openDataset(allocator, state, 
mainVersion, metrics)) {
+                        result = readFromLatest(main, state, reader, metrics);
                     }
-                }
-                try (Dataset dataset = openDataset(allocator, tableAccess, 
version, metrics)) {
-                    result = reader.read(dataset, tableAccess, metrics);
                 }
             }
             metrics.succeeded();
             return result;
+        } catch (LanceUserFacingException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e);
         } catch (Exception e) {
-            throw LanceErrorMessages.failure("Failed to load Lance table 
metadata for " + dbName + "." + tableName, e,
-                    tableAccess == null ? null : tableAccess.getDatasetUri(),
-                    tableAccess == null ? namespaceStorageOptions : 
tableAccess.getStorageOptions(), catalogSecrets);
+            LanceTableAccess access = state.access;
+            String uri = access == null ? null : access.getDatasetUri();
+            Map<String, String> options = access == null ? 
namespaceStorageOptions : access.getStorageOptions();
+            String what = state.displayName();
+            if (state.branch.isPresent() && !state.branchExists && 
isBranchNotFound(e, state.branch.get())) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Lance branch '" + 
state.branch.get() + "' of " + state.tableName
+                        + state.selector.getTag().map(tag -> " (tag '" + tag + 
"')").orElse("")
+                        + " was not found" + (isNamespaceMiss(e, "table branch 
not found") ? " in the namespace" : ""),
+                        sanitizedCause(e, uri, options));
+            }
+            if (state.version.isPresent() && isVersionNotFound(e)) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Lance version " + 
state.version.getAsLong() + " of " + what
+                        + state.selector.getTag().map(tag -> " (tag '" + tag + 
"')").orElse("")
+                        + " was not found" + (isNamespaceMiss(e, "table 
version not found") ? " in the namespace" : ""),
+                        sanitizedCause(e, uri, options));
+            }
+            String hint = access != null && access.isManagedVersioning() && 
isAccessDenied(e)
+                    ? " (reading a namespace-managed Lance table may need 
write access to finalize a staged manifest)"
+                    : "";
+            throw LanceErrorMessages.failure("Failed to load Lance table 
metadata for " + what + hint, e, uri, options,
+                    catalogSecrets);
         } finally {
             metrics.close();
         }
     }
 
-    private Dataset openDataset(BufferAllocator allocator, LanceTableAccess 
access, OptionalLong version,
+    /** What a read has resolved so far; the catch block reports errors 
against it. */
+    private static final class ReadState {
+        private final LanceRefSelector selector;
+        private final String tableName;
+        private LanceTableAccess access;
+        private Optional<String> branch;
+        /**
+         * Set once the branch is known to exist: the namespace recorded 
versions for it, or its
+         * latest version was checked out. Later failures are not reported as 
a missing branch.
+         */
+        private boolean branchExists;
+        private OptionalLong version = OptionalLong.empty();
+        /** The namespace's version list per chain ("" is main), fetched at 
most once per read. */
+        private final Map<String, List<TableVersion>> namespaceVersions = new 
HashMap<>();
+
+        private ReadState(LanceRefSelector selector, String tableName) {
+            this.selector = selector;
+            this.tableName = tableName;
+            this.branch = selector.getBranch();
+        }
+
+        private String displayName() {
+            return tableName + branch.map(name -> "@" + name).orElse("");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isLatestMain(LanceRefSelector selector) {
+        return !selector.getTag().isPresent() && 
!selector.getBranch().isPresent()
+                && !selector.getSnapshot().isPresent();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The main-chain version a selector names without looking at the latest 
manifest: an explicit
+     * version, or the latest version of a managed table, which the namespace 
records.
+     */
+    private OptionalLong directMainVersion(ReadState state, 
LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        LanceRefSelector selector = state.selector;
+        if (selector.getTag().isPresent() || selector.getBranch().isPresent()) 
{
+            return OptionalLong.empty();
+        }
+        if (!selector.getSnapshot().isPresent()) {
+            return state.access.isManagedVersioning()
+                    ? OptionalLong.of(recordedLatestVersion(state, 
Optional.empty(), metrics))
+                    : OptionalLong.empty();
+        }
+        TableSnapshot snapshot = selector.getSnapshot().get();
+        return snapshot.getType() == TableSnapshot.VersionType.VERSION
+                ? 
OptionalLong.of(LanceSnapshotResolver.parseVersion(snapshot.getValue()))
+                : OptionalLong.empty();
+    }
+
+    /** Resolves the selector against the open latest main chain and reads the 
selected snapshot. */
+    private <T> T readFromLatest(Dataset main, ReadState state, 
SnapshotReader<T> reader, LanceMetadataMetrics metrics)
+            throws Exception {
+        LanceRefSelector selector = state.selector;
+        if (selector.getTag().isPresent()) {
+            // Only this tag's file is read, however many tags the table has. 
The SDK checks the tag
+            // out on the branch of the version it points at; for a managed 
table that is an
+            // explicit version the namespace resolves, never a storage 
fallback.
+            String tag = selector.getTag().get();
+            state.version = 
OptionalLong.of(metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE, () -> tagVersion(main, 
tag, state)));
+            try (Dataset target = checkout(main, Ref.ofTag(tag), metrics)) {
+                state.branch = branchOf(target.uri(), 
state.access.getDatasetUri());
+                return reader.read(target, accessOf(target, state), metrics);
+            }
+        }
+        if (state.branch.isPresent()) {
+            String branch = state.branch.get();
+            // Check out the branch's latest version first even when a version 
is already known, so
+            // a missing branch and a missing version inside an existing 
branch are told apart.
+            Ref branchHead = Ref.ofBranch(branch);
+            if (state.access.isManagedVersioning()) {
+                branchHead = Ref.ofBranch(branch, recordedLatestVersion(state, 
Optional.of(branch), metrics));
+                state.branchExists = true;
+            }
+            try (Dataset latest = checkout(main, branchHead, metrics)) {
+                state.branchExists = true;
+                LanceTableAccess branchAccess = accessOf(latest, state);
+                if (!state.version.isPresent() && 
selector.getSnapshot().isPresent()) {
+                    state.version = resolveSnapshotVersion(latest, 
branchAccess, selector.getSnapshot().get(), state,
+                            metrics);
+                }
+                if (!state.version.isPresent()) {
+                    return reader.read(latest, branchAccess, metrics);
+                }
+                try (Dataset dataset = checkout(latest, Ref.ofBranch(branch, 
state.version.getAsLong()), metrics)) {
+                    return reader.read(dataset, branchAccess, metrics);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // FOR TIME AS OF on the main chain, resolved from manifest commit 
times.
+        state.version = resolveSnapshotVersion(main, state.access, 
selector.getSnapshot().get(), state, metrics);
+        try (Dataset dataset = checkout(main, 
Ref.ofMain(state.version.getAsLong()), metrics)) {
+            return reader.read(dataset, state.access, metrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static long tagVersion(Dataset main, String tag, ReadState state) {
+        try {
+            return main.tags().getVersion(tag);
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(e);
+            if (rootMessage != null && rootMessage.contains("tag " + tag + " 
does not exist")) {
+                throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance tag '" + tag + "' of 
" + state.tableName + " was not found");
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The branch a dataset checked out from the table root is on, from its 
root directory: the
+     * table root for main, {@code <root>/tree/<branch>} otherwise. Lance 
inserts the branch path
+     * before a URI's query string, so the query is compared apart. A URI that 
is neither is an
+     * error rather than main, which would hand the BE the wrong chain.
+     */
+    static Optional<String> branchOf(String checkedOutUri, String tableUri) {
+        String root = 
StringUtils.removeEnd(StringUtils.substringBefore(tableUri, "?"), "/");
+        String uri = 
StringUtils.removeEnd(StringUtils.substringBefore(checkedOutUri, "?"), "/");
+        if (uri.equals(root)) {
+            return Optional.empty();
+        }
+        String branchRoot = root + "/tree/";
+        if (!uri.startsWith(branchRoot) || uri.length() == 
branchRoot.length()) {
+            // The URIs may carry credentials in their query, so they stay out 
of the message.
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot tell which branch a Lance 
tag was checked out on");
+        }
+        return Optional.of(uri.substring(branchRoot.length()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The access for a dataset checked out from the table: the main chain 
keeps the table access,
+     * and a branch takes the directory the SDK checked out, which is what the 
BE opens by URI.
+     */
+    private static LanceTableAccess accessOf(Dataset dataset, ReadState state) 
{
+        return state.branch.isPresent() ? 
state.access.onBranch(state.branch.get(), dataset.uri()) : state.access;
+    }
+
+    /** A selector error whose message is user-facing as is, such as a tag 
that does not exist. */
+    private static final class LanceUserFacingException extends 
RuntimeException {
+        private LanceUserFacingException(String message) {
+            super(message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The newest version the namespace records for a managed chain. Doris 
asks for it itself:
+     * opening "latest" through the SDK falls back to the newest manifest in 
storage when the
+     * namespace records none, which would expose a version the namespace 
never published.
+     */
+    private long recordedLatestVersion(ReadState state, Optional<String> 
branch, LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        // A read that already listed the chain's versions reuses that list.
+        List<TableVersion> listed = 
state.namespaceVersions.get(branch.orElse(""));
+        OptionalLong latest = listed != null
+                ? 
listed.stream().map(TableVersion::getVersion).filter(Objects::nonNull)
+                        .mapToLong(Long::longValue).max()
+                : metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE,
+                        () -> 
namespaceClient.latestManagedVersion(state.access, branch));
+        if (!latest.isPresent()) {
+            throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance namespace lists no 
versions for " + state.tableName
+                    + branch.map(name -> "@" + name).orElse(""));
+        }
+        return latest.getAsLong();
+    }
+
+    private RuntimeException sanitizedCause(Throwable error, String uri, 
Map<String, String> options) {
+        return new RuntimeException(LanceErrorMessages.sanitize(error, uri, 
options, catalogSecrets));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks out a ref of an already open dataset. The SDK resolves the ref 
itself, from the
+     * dataset directory or, for a namespace-managed dataset, with its own 
namespace client.
+     */
+    private static Dataset checkout(Dataset dataset, Ref ref, 
LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        return metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE, () -> 
dataset.checkout(ref));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resolves a {@code FOR VERSION AS OF} / {@code FOR TIME AS OF} snapshot 
against the chain
+     * {@code latest} is checked out on: the main chain, or a branch when 
{@code access} is a
+     * branch access.
+     */
+    private OptionalLong resolveSnapshotVersion(Dataset latest, 
LanceTableAccess access, TableSnapshot snapshot,
+            ReadState state, LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        if (snapshot.getType() == TableSnapshot.VersionType.VERSION) {
+            return 
OptionalLong.of(LanceSnapshotResolver.parseVersion(snapshot.getValue()));
+        }
+        long timestamp = parseTimeTravelTimestamp(snapshot.getValue());
+        try {
+            return OptionalLong.of(resolveVersionAtOrBefore(latest, access, 
timestamp, snapshot.getValue(), state,
+                    metrics));
+        } catch (LanceSnapshotResolver.NoVersionAtOrBeforeException e) {
+            if (!access.getBranch().isPresent()) {
+                throw e;
+            }
+            // A branch's chain starts at the version it was created from and 
carries its own
+            // commit times, so an earlier timestamp has nothing to select on 
the branch.
+            throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance branch '" + 
access.getBranch().get() + "' of "
+                    + state.tableName + " has no version at or before '" + 
snapshot.getValue()
+                    + "'; a branch only holds the versions from its creation 
on");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a failed branch checkout means the branch does not exist. The 
SDK reports
+     * "branch <name> does not exist", a namespace "Table branch not found", 
or a missing manifest
+     * under the branch directory when nothing was ever committed there.
+     */
+    private static boolean isBranchNotFound(Throwable throwable, String 
branch) {
+        if (ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableBranchNotFoundException.class) >= 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        if (rootMessage == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String lower = rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        String name = branch.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        return lower.contains("table branch not found")
+                || lower.contains("branch " + name + " does not exist")
+                || (lower.contains("not found") && lower.contains("tree/" + 
name + "/"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a not-found came from the namespace rather than storage. The 
SDK surfaces a
+     * namespace error by its display text ("Table version not found: ..."), 
and the Java client
+     * by its exception type.
+     */
+    private static boolean isNamespaceMiss(Throwable throwable, String 
namespaceText) {
+        if (ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableVersionNotFoundException.class) >= 0
+                || ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableBranchNotFoundException.class) >= 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        return rootMessage != null && 
rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).contains(namespaceText);
+    }
+
+    /** An HTTP 403 as the object stores report it, or an explicit 
access-denied error. */
+    private static final Pattern ACCESS_DENIED = Pattern.compile(
+            "accessdenied|access denied|permission 
denied|forbidden|(status|http|code)\\W{0,3}403\\b");
+
+    private static boolean isAccessDenied(Throwable throwable) {
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        return rootMessage != null && 
ACCESS_DENIED.matcher(rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT)).find();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Every version the namespace records for the chain {@code access} 
addresses, listed once per
+     * read. The whole list is needed: the storage fallback filters by it, and 
neither the order a
+     * namespace returns nor monotonic commit times can be relied on to stop 
early.
+     */
+    private List<TableVersion> namespaceVersions(ReadState state, 
LanceTableAccess access,
+            LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        return 
state.namespaceVersions.computeIfAbsent(access.getBranch().orElse(""), chain -> 
{
+            List<TableVersion> versions = 
metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE,
+                    () -> namespaceClient.listManagedVersions(access));
+            if (versions.isEmpty()) {
+                throw new LanceUserFacingException("Lance namespace lists no 
versions for "
+                        + state.tableName + (chain.isEmpty() ? "" : "@" + 
chain));
+            }
+            return versions;
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resolves {@code FOR TIME AS OF} to a version on the chain {@code 
latest} is checked out on,
+     * from the commit times the manifests record, over the history {@link 
LanceSnapshotResolver}
+     * describes. A managed table only selects among the versions its 
namespace records; one
+     * missing from the storage listing because its manifest is still staged 
is checked out, which
+     * finalizes it and yields its commit time.
+     */
+    private long resolveVersionAtOrBefore(Dataset latest, LanceTableAccess 
access, long timestamp,
+            String requestedText, ReadState state, LanceMetadataMetrics 
metrics) {
+        NavigableSet<Long> recorded = access.isManagedVersioning()
+                ? namespaceVersions(state, access, 
metrics).stream().map(TableVersion::getVersion)
+                        
.filter(Objects::nonNull).collect(Collectors.toCollection(TreeSet::new))
+                : null;
+        long version = metrics.measure(Stage.VERSION_RESOLVE, () -> {
+            try {
+                return 
LanceSnapshotResolver.versionAtOrBefore(latest.listVersions(), recorded,
+                        id -> recordedVersion(latest, access, id), timestamp, 
requestedText);
+            } catch (LanceSnapshotResolver.HistoryRemovedException e) {
+                throw historyRemoved(e.getVersion(), requestedText, state);
+            }
+        });
+        LOG.debug("Resolved Lance FOR TIME AS OF '{}' to version {} from 
manifest commit times", requestedText,
+                version);
+        return version;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A namespace-recorded version checked out through the namespace, or null 
if it is gone. A
+     * still-staged manifest is finalized by the checkout.
+     */
+    private static Version recordedVersion(Dataset latest, LanceTableAccess 
access, long version) {
+        Ref ref = access.getBranch().map(name -> Ref.ofBranch(name, 
version)).orElseGet(() -> Ref.ofMain(version));
+        try (Dataset recorded = latest.checkout(ref)) {
+            return recorded.getVersion();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Also the IOException the JNI raises for a missing manifest.
+            if (!isVersionNotFound(e)) {
+                throw e;
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static LanceUserFacingException historyRemoved(long version, 
String requestedText, ReadState state) {
+        return new LanceUserFacingException("Lance cannot resolve FOR TIME AS 
OF '" + requestedText + "' on "
+                + state.displayName() + ": version " + version + ", which may 
hold the state at that time,"
+                + " no longer exists");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a {@code FOR TIME AS OF} value in the session time zone. Second 
and millisecond
+     * precision are accepted; commit times are compared at millisecond 
precision, the precision a
+     * namespace reports them in, so a timestamp in the millisecond a commit 
lands in selects it.
+     */
+    private static long parseTimeTravelTimestamp(String value) {
+        long timestamp = TimeUtils.timeStringToLong(value, 
TimeUtils.getTimeZone());
+        if (timestamp < 0) {
+            timestamp = TimeUtils.msTimeStringToLong(value, 
TimeUtils.getTimeZone());
+        }
+        if (timestamp < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot parse Lance FOR TIME AS 
OF value '" + value
+                    + "', expected 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss' or 'yyyy-MM-dd 
HH:mm:ss.SSS'");
+        }
+        return timestamp;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a failed open of an explicitly requested version means that 
version does not exist.
+     * A namespace reports it through {@link TableVersionNotFoundException}. 
The storage reader
+     * reports it as a missing manifest under {@code _versions/} or as Lance's 
own version-not-found
+     * error; a missing dataset or an unreachable store fails differently and 
keeps its message.
+     */
+    private static boolean isVersionNotFound(Throwable throwable) {
+        if (ExceptionUtils.indexOfType(throwable, 
TableVersionNotFoundException.class) >= 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        String rootMessage = ExceptionUtils.getRootCauseMessage(throwable);
+        if (rootMessage == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String lower = rootMessage.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+        return lower.contains("version not found")
+                || (lower.contains("not found") && 
lower.contains("_versions/"));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Opens the main chain of the table {@code state} resolved. For a managed 
table the SDK
+     * describes the table again and opens the location and storage options 
that describe returns,
+     * so {@code state.access} is replaced by the access for what it opened: 
the BE reads with the
+     * access this read ends up with, and must open what the FE planned. If 
the SDK did not open
+     * with exactly that access's options, the dataset is opened once more 
with them. A namespace
+     * that returns a relative location cannot be read in this mode.
+     */
+    private Dataset openDataset(BufferAllocator allocator, ReadState state, 
OptionalLong version,
             LanceMetadataMetrics metrics) {
+        if (state.access.isManagedVersioning()) {
+            LanceTableAccess access = state.access;
+            for (int attempt = 0; ; attempt++) {
+                ReadOptions readOptions = 
LanceReadOptions.forSharedSession(access.getSdkStorageOptions(), version,
+                        session);
+                LanceTableAccess requested = access;
+                Dataset dataset = metrics.measure(Stage.DATASET_OPEN,
+                        () -> namespaceClient.openManagedDataset(allocator, 
requested, readOptions, session));
+                boolean opensAsBuilt;
+                try {
+                    Map<String, String> openedOptions = 
dataset.getInitialStorageOptions();
+                    access = namespaceClient.accessOpenedBySdk(requested, 
dataset.uri(), openedOptions);
+                    opensAsBuilt = LanceNamespaceClient.opensAs(access, 
dataset.uri(), openedOptions);

Review Comment:
   Superseded by the redesign (see the PR comment): the FE no longer opens 
managed tables through the SDK's namespace client, so `LanceSdkNamespace` and 
this mechanism are gone. Both readers now open the dataset by URI with the 
options of the read's single `DescribeTable`; for a URI open Lance keys the 
native store by all of its options, credentials included.
   



##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/LanceSdkNamespace.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.datasource.lance;
+
+import org.apache.doris.datasource.lance.storage.LanceStorageOptions;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.hash.Hasher;
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.ExceptionUtils;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.lance.namespace.LanceNamespace;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableResponse;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableVersionRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableVersionResponse;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTableVersionsRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTableVersionsResponse;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+/**
+ * The namespace the Lance SDK is handed to open one namespace-managed 
dataset: the catalog's
+ * namespace, with two things the SDK gets wrong on its own.
+ *
+ * <p>The SDK opens with the options it is handed plus whatever its own 
describe vends, spelled as
+ * the namespace spells them. Lance then adds the process environment for any 
option whose
+ * canonical key is missing, so a vended {@code endpoint} next to an {@code 
AWS_ENDPOINT} in the
+ * FE environment leaves the FE on whichever endpoint object_store folds last, 
while the BE, handed
+ * the canonical {@code aws_endpoint}, keeps the vended one. {@link 
#describeTable} therefore
+ * returns the vended options in the vocabulary Doris uses for everything else.
+ *
+ * <p>The SDK also caches the object store of a namespace-opened dataset in 
the catalog Session by
+ * the namespace's id and the table id alone, ignoring the options: a read 
overlapping another one
+ * that still holds a store for the same table reuses that store, whatever 
endpoint it was built
+ * for (lance-io {@code StorageOptionsAccessor::accessor_id}, {@code 
ObjectStoreRegistry::get_store}).
+ * {@link #namespaceId} therefore also identifies the options the store is 
built with, less the
+ * credentials the SDK re-reads through its credential provider anyway.
+ *
+ * <p>A namespace Lance does not implement natively is called back through 
JNI, which reports an
+ * exception thrown by the callback only as "Java exception was thrown". The 
last one is kept for
+ * {@link #unwrapCallbackFailure}, so a missing version or branch is still 
reported as such.
+ *
+ * <p>One instance is created per open. The datasets checked out from it 
resolve versions through
+ * it, and the store the open builds refreshes credentials through it, also 
for later reads that
+ * share that store.
+ */
+final class LanceSdkNamespace implements LanceNamespace {
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LogManager.getLogger(LanceSdkNamespace.class);
+
+    /** What jni-rs reports for a Java exception a callback threw. */
+    private static final String CALLBACK_FAILURE = "Java exception was thrown";
+
+    /**
+     * The options the SDK serves to an object store through its credential 
provider, refreshing
+     * them from the namespace, rather than fixing them when the store is 
built: every spelling
+     * lance-io's {@code DynamicCredentials} conversions read for AWS, Azure 
and GCS, and the
+     * refresh deadline. OSS credentials are not refreshed, but are left out 
as well: a store is
+     * shared across credentials as it was before, and a namespace that vends 
new credentials on
+     * every describe would otherwise leave one registry entry behind per read.
+     */
+    private static final Set<String> CREDENTIAL_OPTIONS = ImmutableSet.of(
+            "aws_access_key_id", "access_key_id", "aws_secret_access_key", 
"secret_access_key",
+            "aws_session_token", "aws_token", "aws_security_token", 
"session_token", "token",
+            "azure_storage_sas_token", "azure_storage_sas_key", "sas_token", 
"sas_key",
+            "azure_storage_token", "bearer_token", 
"azure_storage_account_key", "azure_storage_access_key",
+            "azure_storage_master_key", "access_key", "master_key", 
"account_key",
+            "google_storage_token",
+            "oss_access_key_id", "oss_secret_access_key", "oss_security_token",
+            "expires_at_millis");
+
+    private final LanceNamespace catalogNamespace;
+    private final Map<String, String> sdkStorageOptions;
+    private final AtomicReference<RuntimeException> callbackFailure = new 
AtomicReference<>();
+    /** The thread that opens the dataset and issues the SDK's describe; every 
other call is a JNI callback. */
+    private final Thread openingThread = Thread.currentThread();
+    /** Set by the SDK's own describe while it opens the dataset. */
+    private volatile String storeIdentity;
+
+    /**
+     * @param sdkStorageOptions the options the SDK is handed in its read 
options, which it opens
+     *     with under what its describe vends
+     */
+    LanceSdkNamespace(LanceNamespace catalogNamespace, Map<String, String> 
sdkStorageOptions) {
+        this.catalogNamespace = catalogNamespace;
+        this.sdkStorageOptions = sdkStorageOptions;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void initialize(Map<String, String> configProperties, 
BufferAllocator allocator) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("A Lance SDK namespace wraps 
an initialized catalog namespace");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read by the SDK once, when it opens the dataset: Lance 12 describes the 
table in
+     * {@code OpenDatasetBuilder.buildFromNamespaceClient} first and reads the 
id when the JNI
+     * wraps this namespace. It keys the store cache, through the credential 
provider the SDK
+     * builds from this namespace.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String namespaceId() {
+        String identity = storeIdentity;
+        if (identity == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The Lance SDK read the namespace 
id before describing the table");
+        }
+        return "DorisSdkNamespace[" + catalogNamespace.namespaceId() + ", 
store=" + identity + "]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The catalog namespace's describe, with the vended options normalized. 
The first call is the
+     * SDK's own describe while it opens the dataset, whose options the store 
is built with; later
+     * ones refresh credentials.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public DescribeTableResponse describeTable(DescribeTableRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> {
+            DescribeTableResponse response = 
catalogNamespace.describeTable(request);
+            Map<String, String> vended = 
LanceStorageOptions.normalizeVendedStorageOptions(
+                    response.getLocation(), response.getStorageOptions());
+            // Left null when nothing was vended: a credential refresh then 
keeps the options it has.
+            if (response.getStorageOptions() != null) {
+                response.setStorageOptions(vended);
+            }
+            if (storeIdentity == null) {
+                Map<String, String> opened = new HashMap<>(sdkStorageOptions);
+                opened.putAll(vended);
+                storeIdentity = storeIdentity(opened);
+            }
+            return response;
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ListTableVersionsResponse 
listTableVersions(ListTableVersionsRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> catalogNamespace.listTableVersions(request));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public DescribeTableVersionResponse 
describeTableVersion(DescribeTableVersionRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> catalogNamespace.describeTableVersion(request));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The exception a failed SDK call reported as a failed callback, in place 
of that report, or
+     * {@code sdkError} itself. Each kept exception is handed out once.
+     */
+    Exception unwrapCallbackFailure(Exception sdkError) {
+        if (!isCallbackFailure(sdkError)) {
+            return sdkError;
+        }
+        RuntimeException failure = callbackFailure.getAndSet(null);
+        if (failure == null) {
+            return sdkError;
+        }
+        failure.addSuppressed(sdkError);
+        return failure;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isCallbackFailure(Throwable error) {
+        return ExceptionUtils.getThrowableList(error).stream()
+                .anyMatch(cause -> cause.getMessage() != null && 
cause.getMessage().contains(CALLBACK_FAILURE));
+    }
+
+    private <T> T record(Supplier<T> call) {
+        try {
+            return call.get();
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            callbackFailure.set(e);
+            if (Thread.currentThread() != openingThread) {
+                // The JNI leaves the exception pending on a thread it 
attached only for this call,
+                // and the JVM reports it as uncaught when that thread 
detaches. It is not: it
+                // reaches the read through unwrapCallbackFailure.
+                Thread.currentThread().setUncaughtExceptionHandler(
+                        (thread, error) -> LOG.debug("Lance namespace callback 
failed", error));
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A digest of every option that fixes where and how a store connects. The 
options can name
+     * endpoints and account names, so only the digest reaches the id, which 
Lance logs.
+     */
+    static String storeIdentity(Map<String, String> options) {
+        Hasher hasher = Hashing.sha256().newHasher();
+        new TreeMap<>(options).forEach((key, value) -> {
+            if (!CREDENTIAL_OPTIONS.contains(key)) {

Review Comment:
   Superseded by the redesign (see the PR comment): the FE no longer opens 
managed tables through the SDK's namespace client, so `LanceSdkNamespace` and 
this mechanism are gone. Both readers now open the dataset by URI with the 
options of the read's single `DescribeTable`; for a URI open Lance keys the 
native store by all of its options, credentials included.
   



##########
fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/lance/LanceSdkNamespace.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.datasource.lance;
+
+import org.apache.doris.datasource.lance.storage.LanceStorageOptions;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.hash.Hasher;
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.ExceptionUtils;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.lance.namespace.LanceNamespace;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableResponse;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableVersionRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.DescribeTableVersionResponse;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTableVersionsRequest;
+import org.lance.namespace.model.ListTableVersionsResponse;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+/**
+ * The namespace the Lance SDK is handed to open one namespace-managed 
dataset: the catalog's
+ * namespace, with two things the SDK gets wrong on its own.
+ *
+ * <p>The SDK opens with the options it is handed plus whatever its own 
describe vends, spelled as
+ * the namespace spells them. Lance then adds the process environment for any 
option whose
+ * canonical key is missing, so a vended {@code endpoint} next to an {@code 
AWS_ENDPOINT} in the
+ * FE environment leaves the FE on whichever endpoint object_store folds last, 
while the BE, handed
+ * the canonical {@code aws_endpoint}, keeps the vended one. {@link 
#describeTable} therefore
+ * returns the vended options in the vocabulary Doris uses for everything else.
+ *
+ * <p>The SDK also caches the object store of a namespace-opened dataset in 
the catalog Session by
+ * the namespace's id and the table id alone, ignoring the options: a read 
overlapping another one
+ * that still holds a store for the same table reuses that store, whatever 
endpoint it was built
+ * for (lance-io {@code StorageOptionsAccessor::accessor_id}, {@code 
ObjectStoreRegistry::get_store}).
+ * {@link #namespaceId} therefore also identifies the options the store is 
built with, less
+ * credentials that carry an expiry, which the store refreshes from the 
namespace anyway.
+ *
+ * <p>A namespace Lance does not implement natively is called back through 
JNI, which reports an
+ * exception thrown by the callback only as "Java exception was thrown". The 
last one is kept for
+ * {@link #unwrapCallbackFailure}, so a missing version or branch is still 
reported as such.
+ *
+ * <p>One instance is created per open. The datasets checked out from it 
resolve versions through
+ * it, and the store the open builds refreshes credentials through it, also 
for later reads that
+ * share that store.
+ */
+final class LanceSdkNamespace implements LanceNamespace {
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LogManager.getLogger(LanceSdkNamespace.class);
+
+    /** What jni-rs reports for a Java exception a callback threw. */
+    private static final String CALLBACK_FAILURE = "Java exception was thrown";
+
+    private static final String EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS = "expires_at_millis";
+
+    /**
+     * The credentials a store takes from its credential provider rather than 
fixing them when it
+     * is built: every spelling lance-io's {@code DynamicCredentials} 
conversions read for AWS,
+     * Azure and GCS, the OSS keys its dynamic OpenDAL store re-reads, and the 
refresh deadline.
+     * The provider refreshes them from the namespace only when they carry
+     * {@value #EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS}; see {@link #storeIdentity}.
+     */
+    private static final Set<String> CREDENTIAL_OPTIONS = ImmutableSet.of(
+            "aws_access_key_id", "access_key_id", "aws_secret_access_key", 
"secret_access_key",
+            "aws_session_token", "aws_token", "aws_security_token", 
"session_token", "token",
+            "azure_storage_sas_token", "azure_storage_sas_key", "sas_token", 
"sas_key",
+            "azure_storage_token", "bearer_token", 
"azure_storage_account_key", "azure_storage_access_key",
+            "azure_storage_master_key", "access_key", "master_key", 
"account_key",
+            "google_storage_token",
+            "oss_access_key_id", "oss_secret_access_key", "oss_security_token",
+            EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS);
+
+    /** Keys the store digest, so an id in a log cannot be checked against 
guessed credentials. */
+    private static final byte[] IDENTITY_KEY = new byte[32];
+
+    static {
+        new SecureRandom().nextBytes(IDENTITY_KEY);
+    }
+
+    private final LanceNamespace catalogNamespace;
+    private final Map<String, String> sdkStorageOptions;
+    private final AtomicReference<RuntimeException> callbackFailure = new 
AtomicReference<>();
+    /** The thread that opens the dataset and issues the SDK's describe; every 
other call is a JNI callback. */
+    private final Thread openingThread = Thread.currentThread();
+    /** Set by the SDK's own describe while it opens the dataset. */
+    private volatile String storeIdentity;
+
+    /**
+     * @param sdkStorageOptions the options the SDK is handed in its read 
options, which it opens
+     *     with under what its describe vends
+     */
+    LanceSdkNamespace(LanceNamespace catalogNamespace, Map<String, String> 
sdkStorageOptions) {
+        this.catalogNamespace = catalogNamespace;
+        this.sdkStorageOptions = sdkStorageOptions;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void initialize(Map<String, String> configProperties, 
BufferAllocator allocator) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("A Lance SDK namespace wraps 
an initialized catalog namespace");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read by the SDK once, when it opens the dataset: Lance 12 describes the 
table in
+     * {@code OpenDatasetBuilder.buildFromNamespaceClient} first and reads the 
id when the JNI
+     * wraps this namespace. It keys the store cache, through the credential 
provider the SDK
+     * builds from this namespace.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String namespaceId() {
+        String identity = storeIdentity;
+        if (identity == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The Lance SDK read the namespace 
id before describing the table");
+        }
+        return "DorisSdkNamespace[" + catalogNamespace.namespaceId() + ", 
store=" + identity + "]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The catalog namespace's describe, with the vended options normalized. 
The first call is the
+     * SDK's own describe while it opens the dataset, whose options the store 
is built with; later
+     * ones refresh credentials.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public DescribeTableResponse describeTable(DescribeTableRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> {
+            DescribeTableResponse response = 
catalogNamespace.describeTable(request);
+            Map<String, String> vended = 
LanceStorageOptions.normalizeVendedStorageOptions(
+                    response.getLocation(), response.getStorageOptions());
+            // Left null when nothing was vended: a credential refresh then 
keeps the options it has.
+            if (response.getStorageOptions() != null) {
+                response.setStorageOptions(vended);
+            }
+            if (storeIdentity == null) {
+                Map<String, String> opened = new HashMap<>(sdkStorageOptions);
+                opened.putAll(vended);
+                storeIdentity = storeIdentity(opened);
+            }
+            return response;
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ListTableVersionsResponse 
listTableVersions(ListTableVersionsRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> catalogNamespace.listTableVersions(request));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public DescribeTableVersionResponse 
describeTableVersion(DescribeTableVersionRequest request) {
+        return record(() -> catalogNamespace.describeTableVersion(request));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The exception a failed SDK call reported as a failed callback, in place 
of that report, or
+     * {@code sdkError} itself. Each kept exception is handed out once.
+     */
+    Exception unwrapCallbackFailure(Exception sdkError) {
+        if (!isCallbackFailure(sdkError)) {
+            return sdkError;
+        }
+        RuntimeException failure = callbackFailure.getAndSet(null);
+        if (failure == null) {
+            return sdkError;
+        }
+        failure.addSuppressed(sdkError);
+        return failure;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isCallbackFailure(Throwable error) {
+        return ExceptionUtils.getThrowableList(error).stream()
+                .anyMatch(cause -> cause.getMessage() != null && 
cause.getMessage().contains(CALLBACK_FAILURE));
+    }
+
+    private <T> T record(Supplier<T> call) {
+        try {
+            return call.get();
+        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+            callbackFailure.set(e);
+            if (Thread.currentThread() != openingThread) {
+                // The JNI leaves the exception pending on a thread it 
attached only for this call,
+                // and the JVM reports it as uncaught when that thread 
detaches. It is not: it
+                // reaches the read through unwrapCallbackFailure.
+                Thread.currentThread().setUncaughtExceptionHandler(
+                        (thread, error) -> LOG.debug("Lance namespace callback 
failed", error));
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A digest of every option that fixes where and how a store connects. The 
options can name
+     * endpoints and account names, so only the digest reaches the id, which 
Lance logs.
+     *
+     * <p>Credentials that carry an expiry are left out: the store refreshes 
them from the namespace
+     * before they expire, and a namespace that vends new ones on every 
describe would otherwise
+     * leave one registry entry behind per read. Without an expiry the store 
never refreshes, and
+     * keeps the credentials it was built with for as long as any read holds 
it, so they count, as
+     * they do for a store Lance opens without a namespace.
+     */
+    static String storeIdentity(Map<String, String> options) {
+        boolean refreshed = options.containsKey(EXPIRES_AT_MILLIS);

Review Comment:
   Superseded by the redesign (see the PR comment): the FE no longer opens 
managed tables through the SDK's namespace client, so `LanceSdkNamespace` and 
this mechanism are gone. Both readers now open the dataset by URI with the 
options of the read's single `DescribeTable`; for a URI open Lance keys the 
native store by all of its options, credentials included.
   



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