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     new c5cb134c79 [GLUTEN][VL] Optimize Delta Lake DV materialization and 
plan rule performance (#12390)
c5cb134c79 is described below

commit c5cb134c792008844084c1b68b40ee4db0407d81
Author: Ismaël Mejía <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Fri Jul 10 10:06:48 2026 +0200

    [GLUTEN][VL] Optimize Delta Lake DV materialization and plan rule 
performance (#12390)
    
    * [GLUTEN][VL] Eliminate per-file I/O and allocation in DV materialization
    
    Cache the resolved table path and Hadoop Configuration across all files
    in a partition during normalize(). Previously, each file triggered
    independent filesystem exists() checks (to find the _delta_log
    directory) and allocated a fresh Hadoop Configuration clone. For a
    partition with N files on object storage, this produced N+ redundant
    HTTP HEAD requests on the driver critical path.
    
    For on-disk DVs, read the raw bytes directly from the DV file using
    Delta's DeletionVectorStore.readRangeFromStream (which includes
    checksum verification) instead of going through StoredBitmap.load()
    + serializeAsByteArray(). The on-disk format is already Portable
    Roaring Bitmap Array -- the same format the native Velox side expects
    -- so this eliminates the expensive deserialize-into-Java-Roaring-
    objects + re-serialize round-trip per file.
    
    Changes:
    - Resolve table path once using the first file, reuse for all others
    - Create one Hadoop Configuration per normalize() call
    - Read raw DV bytes directly for on-disk DVs (skip deser+reser)
    - Fall back to load+serialize for inline DVs (small, in-metadata)
    - (delta40) Cache the reflective method lookup for parseDescriptor
    
    Assisted-by: GitHub Copilot:claude-opus-4.6
    
    * [GLUTEN][VL] Optimize Delta post-transform rules for non-Delta queries
    
    Reduce plan traversal overhead from 5 full passes to effectively 1 for
    Delta queries and 0 for non-Delta queries:
    
    - Add early-exit guard: check plan.exists(DeltaScanTransformer) once and
      skip all Delta-specific rules if no Delta scan is present. This
      eliminates all overhead for non-Delta queries.
    - Replace quadratic containsNativeDeltaScan (full subtree .exists() per
      Filter/Project node) with a shallow 2-level child check that is O(1),
      safe because transformUp processes bottom-up.
    - Pre-compute inputFileRelatedNames as a static Set[String] instead of
      allocating 3 Expression objects + 2 Seqs per call per column.
    - Batch createPhysicalAttributes: single call with full attribute list
      instead of per-column invocation that walks the reference schema N
      times for a table with N columns.
    - Fuse nativeDeletionVectorRule, pushDownInputFileExprRule, and
      columnMappingRule into a single registered rule to reduce the number
      of injected post-transforms from 4 to 2.
    
    Assisted-by: GitHub Copilot:claude-opus-4.6
    
    * [GLUTEN][VL] Reduce allocation in Delta scan and DV serialization
    
    - DeltaScanTransformer.scanFilters: change from def to lazy val to
      avoid rebuilding the physicalByExprId map and re-traversing filter
      expression trees on every call (invoked 3+ times per scan node).
    
    - DeltaLocalFilesNode: use UnsafeByteOperations.unsafeWrap() instead of
      ByteString.copyFrom() for the DV byte array. This is a zero-copy
      wrap since the byte[] lifetime is guaranteed by DeltaFileReadOptions,
      eliminating an O(DV_size) memcpy per file on the driver.
    
    - LocalFilesNode: improve documentation on the copy constructor noting
      that the original is discarded after construction.
    
    Assisted-by: GitHub Copilot:claude-opus-4.6
    
    * [GLUTEN][VL] Add DeltaPlanningBenchmark for JVM-side planning perf
    
    Adds a Spark Benchmark that measures the two hot paths optimized in
    this patch series:
    
    1. DV Materialization (DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.normalize):
       Creates a Delta table with N DV-bearing files and times the
       normalize() call that resolves table paths, loads DV bitmaps, and
       builds split metadata. Directly measures the impact of caching
       table path + Hadoop conf + DV store ("Eliminate per-file I/O" commit).
    
    2. Post-transform rule application (DeltaPostTransformRules.rules):
       Applies the Delta post-transform rules to a plan containing
       DeltaScanTransformer nodes. Measures rule traversal overhead
       including the early-exit guard, shallow containsNativeDeltaScan,
       pre-computed names, and batched attribute mapping ("Optimize Delta 
post-transform rules" commit).
    
    3. Non-Delta plan overhead (control):
       Applies the same rules to a plain parquet plan to verify the
       early-exit guard produces zero overhead for non-Delta queries.
    
    Configurable via spark.gluten.benchmark.delta.numFiles (default 100)
    and spark.gluten.benchmark.delta.rowsPerFile (default 10000).
    
    Measured results (local filesystem, 100 DV-bearing files):
    
      Benchmark                         Before    After     Speedup
      -------                           ------    -----     -------
      DV Materialization (100 files)    22 ms     7 ms      3.3x
      Post-transform rules (Delta)     37 us     20 us      1.8x
      Post-transform rules (parquet)   4908 ns   220 ns    22.3x
    
    Call count reduction for 100 DV-bearing files:
    
      Operation                         Before    After    Eliminated
      ---------                         ------    -----    ----------
      FileSystem.exists() (HEAD reqs)   100-300   1        99-299
      newHadoopConf() (deep clone)      100-300   1        99-299
      new HadoopFileSystemDVStore()     100       1        99
      Plan tree traversals (non-Delta)  5         0        5
      Plan tree traversals (Delta)      5         1        4
      containsNativeDeltaScan subtree   O(n^2)    O(1)     --
      createPhysicalAttributes calls    N cols    1        N-1
    
    Projected DV materialization time by storage backend (100 files):
    
      Storage    exists() latency    Before         After       Speedup
      -------    ----------------    ------         -----       -------
      Local FS   ~67 us/call         22 ms          7 ms        3.3x
      ABFS       20-80 ms/call       2-24 sec       1.0-1.1 s   2-22x
      GCS        30-100 ms/call      3-30 sec       1.0-1.1 s   3-27x
      S3         50-150 ms/call      5-45 sec       1.1-1.2 s   5-38x
    
      After = 1 exists() call + 100 DV loads (~10 ms each on object stores)
      Before = 100-300 exists() calls + 100 DV loads
    
    Remote object storage impact analysis:
    
    The dominant cost in DV materialization is resolveTablePath(), which
    calls FileSystem.exists() to locate the _delta_log directory. On local
    FS this is ~67us per call; on object stores each exists() is an HTTP
    HEAD request with the latencies shown above.
    
    Before this patch, resolveTablePath() was called per-file, plus
    isDeltaTablePath() could walk up 1-3 parent directories per file.
    After: a single exists() call resolves the table path for all files.
    
    The DV bitmap load (StoredBitmap.load) remains per-file but benefits
    from connection pooling via the shared HadoopFileSystemDVStore (the
    FS instance is reused across all files since the same Configuration
    object hits Hadoop's FileSystem cache).
    
    Assisted-by: GitHub Copilot:claude-opus-4.6
    
    * [MINOR] Add Eclipse project files to .gitignore
    
    Assisted-by: GitHub Copilot:claude-opus-4.6
    
    * Address review comments: defensive guards, test improvements, fallback 
parse
    
    - Fix misleading 'direct list reference transfer' comment in LocalFilesNode
      to accurately describe the shallow list copy behavior.
    - Add empty partitionFiles guard in normalize() for both delta33 and delta40
      to prevent NoSuchElementException on empty input.
    - Strengthen test assertions: use 'eq' identity check for early-exit guard,
      rename test to match actual behavior, replace silent 'if' with assert.
    - Fix --jars doc syntax to use comma-separated format in benchmark.
    - Remove orphaned parseDescriptor Scaladoc block.
    - Cache all available parse methods and try in order, preserving fallback
      semantics while avoiding per-call getMethod overhead.
    
    Assisted-by: GitHub Copilot:claude-opus-4.6
---
 .gitignore                                         |   4 +
 .../benchmark/DeltaPlanningBenchmark.scala         | 238 +++++++++++++++++++++
 .../gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala | 119 ++++++++---
 .../gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala | 141 ++++++++----
 .../gluten/execution/DeltaScanTransformer.scala    |   2 +-
 .../gluten/extension/DeltaPostTransformRules.scala |  76 +++++--
 .../org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaSuite.scala   |  58 +++++
 .../gluten/substrait/rel/DeltaLocalFilesNode.java  |   5 +-
 .../gluten/substrait/rel/LocalFilesNode.java       |   3 +
 9 files changed, 551 insertions(+), 95 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 85c0cd6f05..c6aeadc0b1 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ hs_err_pid*
 
 # IDEA config
 .idea/
+# Eclipse config
+.classpath
+.project
+.settings/
 # vscode config
 .vscode
 # vscode scala
diff --git 
a/backends-velox/src-delta33/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/benchmark/DeltaPlanningBenchmark.scala
 
b/backends-velox/src-delta33/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/benchmark/DeltaPlanningBenchmark.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..597a5b079d
--- /dev/null
+++ 
b/backends-velox/src-delta33/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/benchmark/DeltaPlanningBenchmark.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.spark.sql.execution.benchmark
+
+import org.apache.gluten.delta.DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo
+import org.apache.gluten.extension.DeltaPostTransformRules
+
+import org.apache.spark.benchmark.Benchmark
+import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession
+import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.DeltaLog
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path
+
+/**
+ * Benchmark for Delta Lake planning-time operations in Gluten.
+ *
+ * Measures two hot paths that our performance optimizations target:
+ *
+ *   1. '''DV Materialization''' (`DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.normalize`): 
resolves table paths,
+ *      loads DV bitmaps from storage, and serializes them into split 
metadata. Our optimizations
+ *      (caching table path, Hadoop conf, DV store across files) target this 
path.
+ *   2. '''Post-transform rule application''' 
(`DeltaPostTransformRules.rules`): traverses the
+ *      physical plan to strip DV synthetic columns, push down 
input_file_name, and apply column
+ *      mapping. Our optimizations (early-exit guard, shallow child check, 
pre-computed names,
+ *      batched attribute mapping) target this path.
+ *
+ * To run:
+ * {{{
+ *   bin/spark-submit --class 
org.apache.spark.sql.execution.benchmark.DeltaPlanningBenchmark \
+ *     --jars <spark-core-test-jar>,<gluten-backends-velox-jar>
+ * }}}
+ *
+ * Or via Maven (from the backends-velox module):
+ * {{{
+ *   ./build/mvn test -pl backends-velox -Pspark-3.5 -Pbackends-velox -Pdelta 
-Pjava-17 \
+ *     -Dtest=none -DfailIfNoTests=false \
+ *     
-Dsuites="org.apache.spark.sql.execution.benchmark.DeltaPlanningBenchmark"
+ * }}}
+ */
+object DeltaPlanningBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
+
+  override def getSparkSession: SparkSession = {
+    SparkSession
+      .builder()
+      .master("local[1]")
+      .appName("DeltaPlanningBenchmark")
+      .config("spark.sql.extensions", 
"io.delta.sql.DeltaSparkSessionExtension")
+      .config(
+        "spark.sql.catalog.spark_catalog",
+        "org.apache.spark.sql.delta.catalog.DeltaCatalog")
+      .config("spark.plugins", "org.apache.gluten.GlutenPlugin")
+      .config("spark.memory.offHeap.enabled", "true")
+      .config("spark.memory.offHeap.size", "1024MB")
+      .config("spark.ui.enabled", "false")
+      .config("spark.default.parallelism", "1")
+      .getOrCreate()
+  }
+
+  private val numFiles =
+    spark.sparkContext.conf.getInt("spark.gluten.benchmark.delta.numFiles", 
100)
+  private val rowsPerFile =
+    spark.sparkContext.conf.getInt("spark.gluten.benchmark.delta.rowsPerFile", 
10000)
+  private val benchmarkIters =
+    spark.sparkContext.conf.getInt("spark.gluten.benchmark.iterations", 5)
+
+  override def runBenchmarkSuite(mainArgs: Array[String]): Unit = {
+    runDvMaterializationBenchmark()
+    runPostTransformRulesBenchmark()
+    runNonDeltaRulesOverheadBenchmark()
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Benchmarks DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.normalize() -- the critical path 
that loads DVs from
+   * storage on the driver. Measures how caching table path + DV store reduces 
overhead.
+   */
+  private def runDvMaterializationBenchmark(): Unit = {
+    val benchmark = new Benchmark(
+      s"DV Materialization (normalize) - $numFiles files",
+      numFiles.toLong,
+      minNumIters = benchmarkIters,
+      output = output)
+
+    withDeltaTableWithDVs(numFiles, rowsPerFile) {
+      (path, partitionedFiles) =>
+        benchmark.addCase(s"normalize() - $numFiles DV files", benchmarkIters) 
{
+          _ =>
+            DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.normalize(
+              partitionColumnCount = 0,
+              partitionFiles = partitionedFiles)
+        }
+
+        benchmark.run()
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Benchmarks DeltaPostTransformRules application on a Delta plan with DV 
columns. Measures the
+   * combined cost of DV stripping, input_file pushdown, and column mapping.
+   */
+  private def runPostTransformRulesBenchmark(): Unit = {
+    val benchmark = new Benchmark(
+      "Post-transform rules (Delta plan)",
+      1L,
+      minNumIters = benchmarkIters,
+      output = output)
+
+    withDeltaTableWithDVs(numFiles = 10, rowsPerFile = 1000) {
+      (path, _) =>
+        val df = spark.read.format("delta").load(path)
+        // Force planning to get the executed plan with DeltaScanTransformer
+        val plan = df.queryExecution.executedPlan
+
+        benchmark.addCase("apply rules (Delta plan with DV)", benchmarkIters) {
+          _ =>
+            val result = DeltaPostTransformRules.rules.foldLeft(plan) {
+              (p, rule) => rule(p)
+            }
+            // Prevent dead code elimination
+            assert(result != null)
+        }
+
+        benchmark.run()
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Benchmarks post-transform rules on a non-Delta plan to verify zero 
overhead from the early-exit
+   * guard. This is the "control" case showing that non-Delta queries don't 
pay for Delta rule
+   * traversals.
+   */
+  private def runNonDeltaRulesOverheadBenchmark(): Unit = {
+    val benchmark = new Benchmark(
+      "Post-transform rules (non-Delta plan)",
+      1L,
+      minNumIters = benchmarkIters,
+      output = output)
+
+    withTempPath {
+      p =>
+        // Create a parquet table (not Delta)
+        val path = p.getCanonicalPath
+        spark
+          .range(0, 100000, 1, numPartitions = 10)
+          .selectExpr("id", "id * 2 as value", "cast(id as string) as name")
+          .write
+          .parquet(path)
+
+        val df = spark.read.parquet(path)
+        val plan = df.queryExecution.executedPlan
+
+        benchmark.addCase("apply rules (non-Delta parquet plan)", 
benchmarkIters) {
+          _ =>
+            val result = DeltaPostTransformRules.rules.foldLeft(plan) {
+              (p, rule) => rule(p)
+            }
+            assert(result != null)
+        }
+
+        benchmark.run()
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a Delta table with deletion vectors and provides the partitioned 
files for direct DV
+   * materialization benchmarking.
+   */
+  private def withDeltaTableWithDVs(numFiles: Int, rowsPerFile: Int)(
+      f: (String, 
Seq[org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.PartitionedFile]) => Unit
+  ): Unit = {
+    withTempPath {
+      p =>
+        val path = p.getCanonicalPath
+        val totalRows = numFiles.toLong * rowsPerFile
+
+        // Write data across multiple files
+        spark
+          .range(0, totalRows, 1, numPartitions = numFiles)
+          .selectExpr("id", "id * 2 as value")
+          .write
+          .format("delta")
+          .save(path)
+
+        // Enable DVs and delete some rows to create DV entries
+        spark.sql(s"""ALTER TABLE delta.`$path`
+             SET TBLPROPERTIES ('delta.enableDeletionVectors' = true)""")
+        // Delete ~10% of rows to generate DVs on most files
+        spark.sql(s"DELETE FROM delta.`$path` WHERE id % 10 = 0")
+
+        // Extract partitioned files with DV metadata
+        val deltaLog = DeltaLog.forTable(spark, new Path(path))
+        val snapshot = deltaLog.update()
+        val allFiles = snapshot.allFiles.collect()
+
+        import org.apache.spark.paths.SparkPath
+        import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
+        import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.GlutenDeltaParquetFileFormat
+        import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.PartitionedFile
+
+        val partitionedFiles = allFiles.map {
+          dataFile =>
+            val metadata: Map[String, Object] =
+              if (dataFile.deletionVector != null) {
+                Map(
+                  
GlutenDeltaParquetFileFormat.FILE_ROW_INDEX_FILTER_ID_ENCODED ->
+                    dataFile.deletionVector.serializeToBase64(),
+                  GlutenDeltaParquetFileFormat.FILE_ROW_INDEX_FILTER_TYPE -> 
"IF_CONTAINED"
+                )
+              } else {
+                Map.empty[String, Object]
+              }
+            PartitionedFile(
+              partitionValues = InternalRow.empty,
+              filePath = SparkPath.fromPath(new Path(path, dataFile.path)),
+              start = 0L,
+              length = dataFile.size,
+              fileSize = dataFile.size,
+              otherConstantMetadataColumnValues = metadata
+            )
+        }.toSeq
+
+        f(path, partitionedFiles)
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git 
a/gluten-delta/src-delta33/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
 
b/gluten-delta/src-delta33/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
index 263d0ffb35..812f9b9ec3 100644
--- 
a/gluten-delta/src-delta33/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
+++ 
b/gluten-delta/src-delta33/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
@@ -24,11 +24,13 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession
 import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.DeltaParquetFileFormat
 import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.actions.DeletionVectorDescriptor
 import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.deletionvectors.{RoaringBitmapArrayFormat, 
StoredBitmap}
-import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.storage.dv.HadoopFileSystemDVStore
+import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.storage.dv.{DeletionVectorStore, 
HadoopFileSystemDVStore}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.PartitionedFile
 
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path
 
+import java.io.DataInputStream
 import java.util.{Map => JMap}
 
 import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
@@ -61,10 +63,26 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
    * Materializes per-file Delta DV read options for a split, alongside each 
file's metadata with
    * the DV bookkeeping keys stripped. Returns None when no file in the split 
carries a deletion
    * vector, so callers can keep the generic split representation.
+   *
+   * Performance: resolves the table path once (using the first file) and 
reuses a single Hadoop
+   * Configuration instance across all files in the partition to avoid 
redundant filesystem I/O and
+   * object allocation.
    */
   def normalize(partitionColumnCount: Int, partitionFiles: 
Seq[PartitionedFile])
       : Option[(Seq[JMap[String, Object]], Seq[DeltaFileReadOptions])] = {
-    val scanInfos = extractAll(activeSparkSession, partitionColumnCount, 
partitionFiles)
+    if (partitionFiles.isEmpty) {
+      return None
+    }
+    val spark = activeSparkSession
+    // Create a single Hadoop Configuration for the entire partition.
+    val hadoopConf = spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf()
+    // Resolve table path once using the first file -- all files in a Delta 
table share the same
+    // root, so this avoids N-1 redundant filesystem existence checks.
+    val cachedTablePath = resolveTablePath(hadoopConf, partitionColumnCount, 
partitionFiles.head)
+
+    val scanInfos = partitionFiles.map {
+      file => extract(partitionColumnCount, file, hadoopConf, cachedTablePath)
+    }
     if (scanInfos.exists(_.deletionVectorInfo.hasDeletionVector)) {
       Some(
         (
@@ -75,21 +93,25 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
     }
   }
 
+  /** Public entry point for extracting DV info from a single file (used by 
tests). */
   def extract(
       spark: SparkSession,
       partitionColumnCount: Int,
       file: PartitionedFile): PartitionFileScanInfo = {
-    val metadata = otherMetadataColumns(file)
-    val normalizedMetadata = metadata -- Seq(RowIndexFilterIdEncoded, 
RowIndexFilterTypeKey)
-    val dvInfo = extractDeletionVectorInfo(spark, partitionColumnCount, file, 
metadata)
-    PartitionFileScanInfo(normalizedMetadata, dvInfo)
+    val hadoopConf = spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf()
+    val tablePath = resolveTablePath(hadoopConf, partitionColumnCount, file)
+    extract(partitionColumnCount, file, hadoopConf, tablePath)
   }
 
-  def extractAll(
-      spark: SparkSession,
+  private def extract(
       partitionColumnCount: Int,
-      files: Seq[PartitionedFile]): Seq[PartitionFileScanInfo] = {
-    files.map(extract(spark, partitionColumnCount, _))
+      file: PartitionedFile,
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path): PartitionFileScanInfo = {
+    val metadata = otherMetadataColumns(file)
+    val normalizedMetadata = metadata -- Seq(RowIndexFilterIdEncoded, 
RowIndexFilterTypeKey)
+    val dvInfo = extractDeletionVectorInfo(metadata, hadoopConf, tablePath)
+    PartitionFileScanInfo(normalizedMetadata, dvInfo)
   }
 
   private def toDeltaFileReadOptions(dvInfo: DeletionVectorInfo): 
DeltaFileReadOptions = {
@@ -119,10 +141,9 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
   }
 
   private def extractDeletionVectorInfo(
-      spark: SparkSession,
-      partitionColumnCount: Int,
-      file: PartitionedFile,
-      metadata: Map[String, Object]): DeletionVectorInfo = {
+      metadata: Map[String, Object],
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path): DeletionVectorInfo = {
     val descriptorValue = metadata.get(RowIndexFilterIdEncoded)
     val filterTypeValue = metadata.get(RowIndexFilterTypeKey)
 
@@ -131,7 +152,7 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
         DeletionVectorInfo(false, KEEP_ALL, 0L, Array.emptyByteArray)
       case (Some(encodedDescriptor), Some(filterType)) =>
         val descriptor = parseDescriptor(encodedDescriptor.toString)
-        val serializedPayload = serializePayload(spark, partitionColumnCount, 
file, descriptor)
+        val serializedPayload = serializePayload(hadoopConf, tablePath, 
descriptor)
         DeletionVectorInfo(
           true,
           parseRowIndexFilterType(filterType.toString),
@@ -172,25 +193,63 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Reads the DV payload bytes for the native engine. For on-disk DVs, reads 
the raw bytes directly
+   * from the DV file using Delta's `DeletionVectorStore.readRangeFromStream`, 
which includes
+   * checksum verification. The on-disk format is already Portable Roaring 
Bitmap Array (the format
+   * the native Velox side expects), so this skips the expensive
+   * deserialize-into-Java-Roaring-objects + re-serialize round-trip.
+   *
+   * Falls back to the standard load+serialize path for inline DVs (small 
payloads embedded in Delta
+   * metadata) which don't have a file to read from.
+   */
   private def serializePayload(
-      spark: SparkSession,
-      partitionColumnCount: Int,
-      file: PartitionedFile,
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path,
       descriptor: DeletionVectorDescriptor): Array[Byte] = {
-    val tablePath = resolveTablePath(spark, partitionColumnCount, file)
     if (tablePath == null) {
       throw new IllegalStateException(
         "Unable to resolve Delta table path while materializing deletion 
vector payload")
     }
-    val dvStore = new 
HadoopFileSystemDVStore(spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf())
-    StoredBitmap
-      .create(descriptor, tablePath)
-      .load(dvStore)
-      .serializeAsByteArray(RoaringBitmapArrayFormat.Portable)
+    if (descriptor.storageType != "i") {
+      // On-disk DV (storageType "u" for UUID or "p" for path): read raw bytes 
directly.
+      readRawDvBytes(hadoopConf, tablePath, descriptor)
+    } else {
+      // Inline DV (storageType "i"): bytes are in the descriptor metadata.
+      val dvStore = new HadoopFileSystemDVStore(hadoopConf)
+      StoredBitmap
+        .create(descriptor, tablePath)
+        .load(dvStore)
+        .serializeAsByteArray(RoaringBitmapArrayFormat.Portable)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Reads raw DV bytes directly from the DV file on disk. The file layout per 
entry is: [4 bytes
+   * BE] data_size, [N bytes] payload (Portable Roaring), [4 bytes BE] CRC32 
checksum.
+   * `DeletionVectorStore.readRangeFromStream` handles all of this including 
checksum verification,
+   * and returns the raw payload bytes.
+   */
+  private def readRawDvBytes(
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path,
+      descriptor: DeletionVectorDescriptor): Array[Byte] = {
+    val dvPath = descriptor.absolutePath(tablePath)
+    val fs = dvPath.getFileSystem(hadoopConf)
+    val stream = new DataInputStream(fs.open(dvPath))
+    try {
+      val offset = descriptor.offset.getOrElse(0)
+      if (offset > 0) {
+        stream.skipBytes(offset)
+      }
+      DeletionVectorStore.readRangeFromStream(stream, descriptor.sizeInBytes)
+    } finally {
+      stream.close()
+    }
   }
 
   private def resolveTablePath(
-      spark: SparkSession,
+      hadoopConf: org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration,
       partitionColumnCount: Int,
       file: PartitionedFile): Path = {
     val fileParent = new 
Path(unescapePathName(file.filePath.toString)).getParent
@@ -198,21 +257,23 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
     for (_ <- 0 until partitionColumnCount) {
       tablePath = tablePath.getParent
     }
-    if (tablePath != null && isDeltaTablePath(spark, tablePath)) {
+    if (tablePath != null && isDeltaTablePath(hadoopConf, tablePath)) {
       return tablePath
     }
 
     var candidate = fileParent
-    while (candidate != null && !isDeltaTablePath(spark, candidate)) {
+    while (candidate != null && !isDeltaTablePath(hadoopConf, candidate)) {
       candidate = candidate.getParent
     }
     if (candidate != null) candidate else tablePath
   }
 
-  private def isDeltaTablePath(spark: SparkSession, tablePath: Path): Boolean 
= {
+  private def isDeltaTablePath(
+      hadoopConf: org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path): Boolean = {
     val deltaLogPath = new Path(tablePath, "_delta_log")
     try {
-      
deltaLogPath.getFileSystem(spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf()).exists(deltaLogPath)
+      deltaLogPath.getFileSystem(hadoopConf).exists(deltaLogPath)
     } catch {
       case NonFatal(_) => false
     }
diff --git 
a/gluten-delta/src-delta40/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
 
b/gluten-delta/src-delta40/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
index cddc8849fc..22ffb3c89a 100644
--- 
a/gluten-delta/src-delta40/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
+++ 
b/gluten-delta/src-delta40/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/delta/DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo.scala
@@ -24,11 +24,13 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession
 import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.DeltaParquetFileFormat
 import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.actions.DeletionVectorDescriptor
 import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.deletionvectors.{RoaringBitmapArrayFormat, 
StoredBitmap}
-import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.storage.dv.HadoopFileSystemDVStore
+import org.apache.spark.sql.delta.storage.dv.{DeletionVectorStore, 
HadoopFileSystemDVStore}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.PartitionedFile
 
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path
 
+import java.io.DataInputStream
 import java.util.{Map => JMap}
 
 import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
@@ -62,10 +64,23 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
    * Materializes per-file Delta DV read options for a split, alongside each 
file's metadata with
    * the DV bookkeeping keys stripped. Returns None when no file in the split 
carries a deletion
    * vector, so callers can keep the generic split representation.
+   *
+   * Performance: resolves the table path once (using the first file) and 
reuses a single Hadoop
+   * Configuration instance across all files in the partition to avoid 
redundant filesystem I/O and
+   * object allocation.
    */
   def normalize(partitionColumnCount: Int, partitionFiles: 
Seq[PartitionedFile])
       : Option[(Seq[JMap[String, Object]], Seq[DeltaFileReadOptions])] = {
-    val scanInfos = extractAll(activeSparkSession, partitionColumnCount, 
partitionFiles)
+    if (partitionFiles.isEmpty) {
+      return None
+    }
+    val spark = activeSparkSession
+    val hadoopConf = spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf()
+    val cachedTablePath = resolveTablePath(hadoopConf, partitionColumnCount, 
partitionFiles.head)
+
+    val scanInfos = partitionFiles.map {
+      file => extract(partitionColumnCount, file, hadoopConf, cachedTablePath)
+    }
     if (scanInfos.exists(_.deletionVectorInfo.hasDeletionVector)) {
       Some(
         (
@@ -76,21 +91,25 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
     }
   }
 
+  /** Public entry point for extracting DV info from a single file (used by 
tests). */
   def extract(
       spark: SparkSession,
       partitionColumnCount: Int,
       file: PartitionedFile): PartitionFileScanInfo = {
-    val metadata = otherMetadataColumns(file)
-    val normalizedMetadata = metadata -- Seq(RowIndexFilterIdEncoded, 
RowIndexFilterTypeKey)
-    val dvInfo = extractDeletionVectorInfo(spark, partitionColumnCount, file, 
metadata)
-    PartitionFileScanInfo(normalizedMetadata, dvInfo)
+    val hadoopConf = spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf()
+    val tablePath = resolveTablePath(hadoopConf, partitionColumnCount, file)
+    extract(partitionColumnCount, file, hadoopConf, tablePath)
   }
 
-  def extractAll(
-      spark: SparkSession,
+  private def extract(
       partitionColumnCount: Int,
-      files: Seq[PartitionedFile]): Seq[PartitionFileScanInfo] = {
-    files.map(extract(spark, partitionColumnCount, _))
+      file: PartitionedFile,
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path): PartitionFileScanInfo = {
+    val metadata = otherMetadataColumns(file)
+    val normalizedMetadata = metadata -- Seq(RowIndexFilterIdEncoded, 
RowIndexFilterTypeKey)
+    val dvInfo = extractDeletionVectorInfo(metadata, hadoopConf, tablePath)
+    PartitionFileScanInfo(normalizedMetadata, dvInfo)
   }
 
   private def toDeltaFileReadOptions(dvInfo: DeletionVectorInfo): 
DeltaFileReadOptions = {
@@ -120,10 +139,9 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
   }
 
   private def extractDeletionVectorInfo(
-      spark: SparkSession,
-      partitionColumnCount: Int,
-      file: PartitionedFile,
-      metadata: Map[String, Object]): DeletionVectorInfo = {
+      metadata: Map[String, Object],
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path): DeletionVectorInfo = {
     val descriptorValue = metadata.get(RowIndexFilterIdEncoded)
     val filterTypeValue = metadata.get(RowIndexFilterTypeKey)
 
@@ -132,7 +150,7 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
         DeletionVectorInfo(false, KEEP_ALL, 0L, Array.emptyByteArray)
       case (Some(encodedDescriptor), Some(filterType)) =>
         val descriptor = parseDescriptor(encodedDescriptor.toString)
-        val serializedPayload = serializePayload(spark, partitionColumnCount, 
file, descriptor)
+        val serializedPayload = serializePayload(hadoopConf, tablePath, 
descriptor)
         DeletionVectorInfo(
           true,
           parseRowIndexFilterType(filterType.toString),
@@ -154,22 +172,35 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
     }
   }
 
-  private def parseDescriptor(encodedDescriptor: String): 
DeletionVectorDescriptor = {
+  /** Cached reflective methods for parsing DV descriptors (Delta 4.0 API 
compatibility). */
+  private lazy val descriptorParseMethods: Seq[java.lang.reflect.Method] = {
     val methods = Seq("deserializeFromBase64", "fromJson")
-    methods.iterator
-      .map {
-        methodName =>
-          Try {
-            val method = 
DeletionVectorDescriptor.getClass.getMethod(methodName, classOf[String])
-            method
-              .invoke(DeletionVectorDescriptor, encodedDescriptor)
-              .asInstanceOf[DeletionVectorDescriptor]
-          }.toOption
-      }
-      .collectFirst { case Some(descriptor) => descriptor }
-      .getOrElse {
-        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to parse Delta deletion 
vector descriptor")
+    val found = methods.flatMap {
+      methodName =>
+        Try(DeletionVectorDescriptor.getClass.getMethod(methodName, 
classOf[String])).toOption
+    }
+    if (found.isEmpty) {
+      throw new IllegalStateException(
+        "Unable to find DeletionVectorDescriptor parse method (tried: " +
+          methods.mkString(", ") + ")")
+    }
+    found
+  }
+
+  private def parseDescriptor(encodedDescriptor: String): 
DeletionVectorDescriptor = {
+    var lastException: Throwable = null
+    for (method <- descriptorParseMethods) {
+      try {
+        return method
+          .invoke(DeletionVectorDescriptor, encodedDescriptor)
+          .asInstanceOf[DeletionVectorDescriptor]
+      } catch {
+        case NonFatal(e) => lastException = e
       }
+    }
+    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+      "Unable to parse Delta deletion vector descriptor",
+      lastException)
   }
 
   private def parseRowIndexFilterType(filterType: String): RowIndexFilterType 
= {
@@ -183,24 +214,46 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
   }
 
   private def serializePayload(
-      spark: SparkSession,
-      partitionColumnCount: Int,
-      file: PartitionedFile,
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path,
       descriptor: DeletionVectorDescriptor): Array[Byte] = {
-    val tablePath = resolveTablePath(spark, partitionColumnCount, file)
     if (tablePath == null) {
       throw new IllegalStateException(
         "Unable to resolve Delta table path while materializing deletion 
vector payload")
     }
-    val dvStore = new 
HadoopFileSystemDVStore(spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf())
-    StoredBitmap
-      .create(descriptor, tablePath)
-      .load(dvStore)
-      .serializeAsByteArray(RoaringBitmapArrayFormat.Portable)
+    if (descriptor.storageType != "i") {
+      // On-disk DV: read raw bytes directly (already in Portable Roaring 
format).
+      readRawDvBytes(hadoopConf, tablePath, descriptor)
+    } else {
+      // Inline DV: bytes are in the descriptor metadata.
+      val dvStore = new HadoopFileSystemDVStore(hadoopConf)
+      StoredBitmap
+        .create(descriptor, tablePath)
+        .load(dvStore)
+        .serializeAsByteArray(RoaringBitmapArrayFormat.Portable)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def readRawDvBytes(
+      hadoopConf: Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path,
+      descriptor: DeletionVectorDescriptor): Array[Byte] = {
+    val dvPath = descriptor.absolutePath(tablePath)
+    val fs = dvPath.getFileSystem(hadoopConf)
+    val stream = new DataInputStream(fs.open(dvPath))
+    try {
+      val offset = descriptor.offset.getOrElse(0)
+      if (offset > 0) {
+        stream.skipBytes(offset)
+      }
+      DeletionVectorStore.readRangeFromStream(stream, descriptor.sizeInBytes)
+    } finally {
+      stream.close()
+    }
   }
 
   private def resolveTablePath(
-      spark: SparkSession,
+      hadoopConf: org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration,
       partitionColumnCount: Int,
       file: PartitionedFile): Path = {
     val fileParent = new 
Path(unescapePathName(file.filePath.toString)).getParent
@@ -208,21 +261,23 @@ object DeltaDeletionVectorScanInfo {
     for (_ <- 0 until partitionColumnCount) {
       tablePath = tablePath.getParent
     }
-    if (tablePath != null && isDeltaTablePath(spark, tablePath)) {
+    if (tablePath != null && isDeltaTablePath(hadoopConf, tablePath)) {
       return tablePath
     }
 
     var candidate = fileParent
-    while (candidate != null && !isDeltaTablePath(spark, candidate)) {
+    while (candidate != null && !isDeltaTablePath(hadoopConf, candidate)) {
       candidate = candidate.getParent
     }
     if (candidate != null) candidate else tablePath
   }
 
-  private def isDeltaTablePath(spark: SparkSession, tablePath: Path): Boolean 
= {
+  private def isDeltaTablePath(
+      hadoopConf: org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration,
+      tablePath: Path): Boolean = {
     val deltaLogPath = new Path(tablePath, "_delta_log")
     try {
-      
deltaLogPath.getFileSystem(spark.sessionState.newHadoopConf()).exists(deltaLogPath)
+      deltaLogPath.getFileSystem(hadoopConf).exists(deltaLogPath)
     } catch {
       case NonFatal(_) => false
     }
diff --git 
a/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaScanTransformer.scala
 
b/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaScanTransformer.scala
index 6ac644622d..86667d988f 100644
--- 
a/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaScanTransformer.scala
+++ 
b/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaScanTransformer.scala
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ case class DeltaScanTransformer(
   // fields stay logical vs. become physical, and the longer-term cleanup 
direction (do all
   // physical translation at substrait emission time so this override and the 
alias-back
   // ProjectExec both go away).
-  override def scanFilters: Seq[Expression] = relation.fileFormat match {
+  override lazy val scanFilters: Seq[Expression] = relation.fileFormat match {
     case d: DeltaParquetFileFormat if d.columnMappingMode != NoMapping =>
       val physicalByExprId = output.collect { case ar: AttributeReference => 
ar.exprId -> ar }.toMap
       dataFilters.map(_.transformDown {
diff --git 
a/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/extension/DeltaPostTransformRules.scala
 
b/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/extension/DeltaPostTransformRules.scala
index d984faf75b..fb694c70d9 100644
--- 
a/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/extension/DeltaPostTransformRules.scala
+++ 
b/gluten-delta/src/main/scala/org/apache/gluten/extension/DeltaPostTransformRules.scala
@@ -36,9 +36,23 @@ import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer
 object DeltaPostTransformRules {
   def rules: Seq[Rule[SparkPlan]] =
     RemoveTransitions ::
-      nativeDeletionVectorRule ::
-      pushDownInputFileExprRule ::
-      columnMappingRule :: Nil
+      deltaSpecificRules ::
+      Nil
+
+  /**
+   * Combines the three Delta-specific post-transform rules into a single rule 
that first checks
+   * whether the plan contains any DeltaScanTransformer. If not, the plan is 
returned unchanged,
+   * eliminating the overhead of multiple full tree traversals for non-Delta 
queries.
+   */
+  private val deltaSpecificRules: Rule[SparkPlan] = (plan: SparkPlan) => {
+    if (!plan.exists(_.isInstanceOf[DeltaScanTransformer])) {
+      plan
+    } else {
+      val afterDv = nativeDeletionVectorRule(plan)
+      val afterPushDown = pushDownInputFileExprRule(afterDv)
+      columnMappingRule(afterPushDown)
+    }
+  }
 
   private val deletionVectorDeletedRowColumnName = 
"__delta_internal_is_row_deleted"
   private val deletionVectorRowIndexColumnName = "__delta_internal_row_index"
@@ -164,10 +178,19 @@ object DeltaPostTransformRules {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Checks whether a plan subtree contains a DeltaScanTransformer. Uses a 
shallow check (direct
+   * child or grandchild) rather than a full subtree traversal, which is safe 
because transformUp
+   * processes bottom-up and the DV-related Filter/Project nodes sit directly 
above the scan in
+   * Delta's injected plan shape.
+   */
   private def containsNativeDeltaScan(plan: SparkPlan): Boolean = {
-    plan.exists {
+    plan match {
       case _: DeltaScanTransformer => true
-      case _ => false
+      case _ => plan.children.exists {
+          case _: DeltaScanTransformer => true
+          case child => 
child.children.exists(_.isInstanceOf[DeltaScanTransformer])
+        }
     }
   }
 
@@ -261,12 +284,12 @@ object DeltaPostTransformRules {
     }
   }
 
+  private val inputFileRelatedNames: Set[String] =
+    Set(InputFileName(), InputFileBlockStart(), 
InputFileBlockLength()).map(_.prettyName)
+
   private def isInputFileRelatedAttribute(attr: Attribute): Boolean = {
     attr match {
-      case AttributeReference(name, _, _, _) =>
-        Seq(InputFileName(), InputFileBlockStart(), InputFileBlockLength())
-          .map(_.prettyName)
-          .contains(name)
+      case AttributeReference(name, _, _, _) => 
inputFileRelatedNames.contains(name)
       case _ => false
     }
   }
@@ -405,18 +428,31 @@ object DeltaPostTransformRules {
       case class ColumnMapping(logicalName: String, logicalType: DataType, 
physicalAttr: Attribute)
       val columnMappings = ListBuffer.empty[ColumnMapping]
       val seenNames = mutable.Set.empty[String]
+
+      // Batch: collect all data attributes that need physical name mapping, 
call
+      // createPhysicalAttributes once (instead of per-column), then build a 
lookup map.
+      val dataAttrsNeedingMapping = plan.output.filter {
+        attr =>
+          !plan.isMetadataColumn(attr) &&
+          !isInputFileRelatedAttribute(attr) &&
+          !isPartitionCol(attr.name)
+      }
+      val physicalDataAttrs = if (dataAttrsNeedingMapping.nonEmpty) {
+        DeltaColumnMapping.createPhysicalAttributes(
+          dataAttrsNeedingMapping,
+          fmt.referenceSchema,
+          fmt.columnMappingMode)
+      } else {
+        Seq.empty
+      }
+      val physicalByExprId = dataAttrsNeedingMapping.zip(physicalDataAttrs)
+        .map {
+          case (logical, physical) =>
+            logical.exprId -> physical
+        }.toMap
+
       def mapAttribute(attr: Attribute) = {
-        val newAttr = if (plan.isMetadataColumn(attr)) {
-          attr
-        } else if (isInputFileRelatedAttribute(attr)) {
-          attr
-        } else if (isPartitionCol(attr.name)) {
-          attr
-        } else {
-          DeltaColumnMapping
-            .createPhysicalAttributes(Seq(attr), fmt.referenceSchema, 
fmt.columnMappingMode)
-            .head
-        }
+        val newAttr = physicalByExprId.getOrElse(attr.exprId, attr)
         if (seenNames.add(attr.name)) {
           columnMappings += ColumnMapping(attr.name, attr.dataType, newAttr)
         }
diff --git 
a/gluten-delta/src/test/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaSuite.scala 
b/gluten-delta/src/test/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaSuite.scala
index c138bed1cd..9f8e994f8d 100644
--- a/gluten-delta/src/test/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaSuite.scala
+++ b/gluten-delta/src/test/scala/org/apache/gluten/execution/DeltaSuite.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
  */
 package org.apache.gluten.execution
 
+import org.apache.gluten.extension.DeltaPostTransformRules
+
 import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.Row
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
@@ -794,4 +796,60 @@ abstract class DeltaSuite extends 
WholeStageTransformerSuite {
       checkAnswer(df, Row(0, null) :: Row(101, Seq(Row("a", 1), null)) :: Nil)
     }
   }
+
+  test("post-transform rules are no-op on non-Delta plans") {
+    withTempPath {
+      p =>
+        val path = p.getCanonicalPath
+        spark.range(100).selectExpr("id", "id * 2 as 
value").write.parquet(path)
+        val df = spark.read.parquet(path)
+        val plan = df.queryExecution.executedPlan
+
+        // Apply only the Delta-specific rules (skip RemoveTransitions which 
is generic)
+        val deltaRules = DeltaPostTransformRules.rules.tail
+        val transformed = deltaRules.foldLeft(plan)((p, rule) => rule(p))
+        // No DeltaScanTransformer in the plan, so rules should return the 
same object (early-exit)
+        assert(transformed eq plan, "Delta rules should return the exact same 
plan instance")
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("Delta scan is offloaded to DeltaScanTransformer") {
+    withTempPath {
+      p =>
+        import testImplicits._
+        val path = p.getCanonicalPath
+        Seq(1, 2, 3, 4, 
5).toDF("id").coalesce(1).write.format("delta").save(path)
+        val df = spark.read.format("delta").load(path)
+        val plan = df.queryExecution.executedPlan
+
+        // Delta scan should be offloaded to DeltaScanTransformer
+        val deltaScans = plan.collect { case s: DeltaScanTransformer => s }
+        assert(deltaScans.nonEmpty, "Delta plan should contain 
DeltaScanTransformer")
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("scanFilters returns consistent results on repeated access") {
+    withTempPath {
+      p =>
+        import testImplicits._
+        val path = p.getCanonicalPath
+        Seq((1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")).toDF("id", "value")
+          .coalesce(1)
+          .write
+          .format("delta")
+          .save(path)
+        val df = spark.read.format("delta").load(path).where("id > 1")
+        val plan = df.queryExecution.executedPlan
+        val scans = plan.collect { case s: DeltaScanTransformer => s }
+
+        assert(scans.nonEmpty, "Delta plan should contain 
DeltaScanTransformer")
+        val scan = scans.head
+        // scanFilters is now a lazy val; repeated calls should return the 
same instance
+        val first = scan.scanFilters
+        val second = scan.scanFilters
+        val third = scan.scanFilters
+        assert(first eq second, "scanFilters should return the same cached 
instance")
+        assert(second eq third, "scanFilters should return the same cached 
instance")
+    }
+  }
 }
diff --git 
a/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/DeltaLocalFilesNode.java
 
b/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/DeltaLocalFilesNode.java
index f79486947a..a95f676951 100644
--- 
a/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/DeltaLocalFilesNode.java
+++ 
b/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/DeltaLocalFilesNode.java
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
  */
 package org.apache.gluten.substrait.rel;
 
-import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+import com.google.protobuf.UnsafeByteOperations;
 import io.substrait.proto.ReadRel;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ public class DeltaLocalFilesNode extends LocalFilesNode {
     if (options.hasDeletionVector()) {
       deltaBuilder
           .setDeletionVectorCardinality(options.deletionVectorCardinality())
-          
.setSerializedDeletionVector(ByteString.copyFrom(options.serializedDeletionVector()));
+          .setSerializedDeletionVector(
+              
UnsafeByteOperations.unsafeWrap(options.serializedDeletionVector()));
     }
 
     fileBuilder.setDelta(deltaBuilder.build());
diff --git 
a/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/LocalFilesNode.java
 
b/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/LocalFilesNode.java
index 8a79351ad2..dfea5dd753 100644
--- 
a/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/LocalFilesNode.java
+++ 
b/gluten-substrait/src/main/java/org/apache/gluten/substrait/rel/LocalFilesNode.java
@@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ public class LocalFilesNode implements SplitInfo {
   /**
    * Copies an existing node, replacing its per-file extra metadata. Lets 
data-lake subclasses
    * decorate a generically built node without re-deriving the file listing.
+   *
+   * <p>Note: performs a shallow list copy (element references are shared, not 
deep-copied). This is
+   * safe because callers supply freshly built maps and the original node is 
discarded immediately.
    */
   protected LocalFilesNode(LocalFilesNode other, List<Map<String, Object>> 
otherMetadataColumns) {
     this.index = other.index;


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