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new fec9164c85 [doc] add view doc (#6469)
fec9164c85 is described below
commit fec9164c85a6e6cc7244b9460c4b432632704ed1
Author: jerry <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Mon Oct 27 15:39:23 2025 +0800
[doc] add view doc (#6469)
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---
title: Specification
bookCollapseSection: true
-weight: 10
+weight: 11
---
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
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+---
+title: "Views"
+weight: 10
+type: docs
+aliases:
+- /concepts/views.html
+---
+<!--
+Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+distributed with this work for additional information
+regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+specific language governing permissions and limitations
+under the License.
+-->
+
+# Views
+A view is a logical table that encapsulates business logic and domain-specific
semantics.
+While most compute engines support views natively, each engine stores view
metadata in proprietary formats, creating interoperability challenges across
different platforms.
+Paimon views abstracting engine-specific query dialects and establishing
unified metadata standards.
+View metadata could enable centralized view management that facilitates
cross-engine sharing and reduces maintenance complexity in heterogeneous
computing environments.
+
+## Catalog support
+
+View metadata is persisted only when the catalog implementation supports it:
+
+- **Hive metastore catalog** – view metadata is stored together with table
metadata inside the
+ metastore warehouse.
+- **REST catalog** – view metadata is kept in the REST backend and exposed
through the catalog API.
+
+File-system catalogs do not currently support views because they lack
persistent metadata storage.
+
+
+### Representation structure
+
+| Field | Type | Description |
+|-----------|------|-------------|
+| `query` | `string` | Canonical SQL `SELECT` statement that defines the
view. |
+| `dialect` | `string` | SQL dialect identifier (for example, `spark` or
`flink`). |
+
+Multiple representations can be stored for the same version so that different
engines can access the
+view using their native dialect.
+
+## Operations
+
+### Create or replace view
+
+Use `CREATE VIEW` or `CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW` to register a view. Paimon
assigns a UUID, writes the
+first metadata file, and records version `1`.
+
+```sql
+CREATE VIEW sales_view AS
+SELECT region, SUM(amount) AS total_amount
+FROM sales
+GROUP BY region;
+```
+
+### Alter view dialect via procedure
+
+Paimon provides the `sys.alter_view_dialect` procedure so that engines can
manage multiple SQL
+representations for the same view version.
+
+#### Flink example
+
+```sql
+-- Add a Flink dialect
+CALL [catalog.]sys.alter_view_dialect('view_identifier', 'add', 'flink',
'SELECT ...');
+
+-- Update the stored Flink dialect
+CALL [catalog.]sys.alter_view_dialect('view_identifier', 'update', 'flink',
'SELECT ...');
+
+-- Drop the Flink dialect representation
+CALL [catalog.]sys.alter_view_dialect('view_identifier', 'drop', 'flink');
+```
+
+#### Spark example
+
+```sql
+-- Add a Spark dialect
+CALL sys.alter_view_dialect('view_identifier', 'add', 'spark', 'SELECT ...');
+
+-- Update the Spark dialect
+CALL sys.alter_view_dialect('view_identifier', 'update', 'spark', 'SELECT
...');
+
+-- Drop the Spark dialect
+CALL sys.alter_view_dialect('view_identifier', 'drop', 'spark');
+```
+
+### Drop view
+
+`DROP VIEW view_name;`
+
+## See also
+
+- [Spark SQL DDL – Views]({{< ref "spark/sql-ddl#view" >}})
+- [REST Catalog Overview]({{< ref "concepts/rest/overview" >}})
+- [REST Catalog View API]({{< ref "concepts/rest/rest-api/#tag/view" >}})
