lnbest0707-uber opened a new issue, #13319:
URL: https://github.com/apache/pinot/issues/13319

   Pinot data ingestion from Kafka is following the 1 thread per Kafka 
partition mechanism. The scaling up is relying on increasing number of Kafka 
topic partitions. However, due to the nature of ingestion computation load, 
Kafka broker usually has a far higher traffic volume limit per partition than 
Pinot.
   For example, with same type of hardware, Kafka could afford traffic over 
8MB/s/partition but Pinot if doing complex transformation and index building 
(e.g. SchemaConformingTransformer & text index) can only afford <2 
MB/s/partition. This makes the Kafka partition expansion not able to be always 
in sync with Pinot's system load.
   In reality, we are observing that in a Pinot server with tens of cores, only 
20% are busy with ingesting and others relatively idle.
   
   Hence, there's requirement to improve the computation efficiency and do 
parallel (at least part of) single partition message processing.
   
![image](https://github.com/apache/pinot/assets/106711887/a6e6390b-ddfc-48f6-97b7-0959dad88bfc)
   From the attached pic, there are a few components to be improved:
   
   - gzip compression -> to zstd with proper level
   - transformers -> using batch and parallel processing
   - indexing -> TBD
   - Kafka polling -> batch polling


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