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kpvdr pushed a commit to branch main
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/qpid-interop-test.git

commit 183efa4603dc95034872307ef30e7d2d3ad7e3b6
Author: QIT Development Team <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Tue Aug 4 12:51:15 2026 -0400

    Phase 3b: Add xfail framework for known client library limitations
    
    Fix QIT bugs (float comparison, Python float32 decode ordering) and add
    an expected-failure framework so known upstream issues don't block CI.
    
    Framework:
    - KnownFailure registry (21 entries) in src/qit/core/xfail.py
    - Diff classification: genuine failures vs xfail vs xpass
    - Send error xfail handling (Rhea RangeError, .NET/Java ListTypeEncoder NRE)
    - JUnit XML: xfails emit <skipped>, correct suite counts
    - --strict flag: exit 1 if any xfails exist (honest failure count)
    
    QIT bugs fixed:
    - Python receiver float32 decode: check Proton type_name before 
isinstance(float)
    - Float comparison: normalize both sides to integer bit-patterns
    - Hex normalization: use prefix strip instead of str.replace("0x", "")
    
    Test data restored (previously hidden by workarounds):
    - binary/timestamp in list indices 3 and 8
    - Null-after-non-null list case (index 7)
    - Nested ubyte array test (array index 7)
    
    Result: 550 tests — 479 passed, 0 failed, 71 xfail (known issues)
    
    Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <[email protected]>
---
 shims/dotnet-proton/src/TypeCodec.cs |   5 +
 shims/python-proton/shim.py          |  42 +++-----
 src/qit/cli/main.py                  |  12 ++-
 src/qit/core/comparison.py           |  45 ++++----
 src/qit/core/orchestrator.py         | 177 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 src/qit/core/xfail.py                | 204 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/qit/types/composites.py          |  23 +++-
 7 files changed, 433 insertions(+), 75 deletions(-)

diff --git a/shims/dotnet-proton/src/TypeCodec.cs 
b/shims/dotnet-proton/src/TypeCodec.cs
index f92e58d..58e3879 100644
--- a/shims/dotnet-proton/src/TypeCodec.cs
+++ b/shims/dotnet-proton/src/TypeCodec.cs
@@ -404,6 +404,9 @@ namespace Qit.Shim
 
         private static Guid UuidStringToAmqpGuid(string uuid)
         {
+            // Parse UUID hex bytes in RFC 4122 order and pass directly to 
Guid(byte[]).
+            // Guid(byte[]) interprets groups 1-3 as LE, but ToByteArray() 
reverses the
+            // same way, so the wire bytes end up in the original RFC 4122 
order.
             var clean = uuid.Replace("-", "");
             var bytes = new byte[16];
             for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
@@ -413,6 +416,8 @@ namespace Qit.Shim
 
         private static string AmqpGuidToUuidString(Guid guid)
         {
+            // ToByteArray() returns bytes in the same order they were passed 
to
+            // the Guid(byte[]) constructor, preserving RFC 4122 byte order.
             var b = guid.ToByteArray();
             return 
$"{b[0]:x2}{b[1]:x2}{b[2]:x2}{b[3]:x2}-{b[4]:x2}{b[5]:x2}-{b[6]:x2}{b[7]:x2}-{b[8]:x2}{b[9]:x2}-{b[10]:x2}{b[11]:x2}{b[12]:x2}{b[13]:x2}{b[14]:x2}{b[15]:x2}";
         }
diff --git a/shims/python-proton/shim.py b/shims/python-proton/shim.py
index 53ea55d..aa5db2f 100755
--- a/shims/python-proton/shim.py
+++ b/shims/python-proton/shim.py
@@ -577,45 +577,27 @@ class ReceiverHandler(MessagingHandler):
         if isinstance(value, bool):
             return value
 
-        # Regular Python floats (check before int, since bool is a subclass of 
int)
-        if isinstance(value, float):
-            # Convert to hex for exact comparison (handles infinity, NaN, etc.)
-            float_bytes = struct.pack(">d", value)
-            int_val = struct.unpack(">Q", float_bytes)[0]
-            return f"0x{int_val:016x}"
-
-        # Integers
-        if isinstance(value, int):
-            return value
-
-        # Proton numeric types
+        # Proton numeric types — check BEFORE isinstance(float/int) since
+        # Proton types like float32 are float subclasses
         type_name = type(value).__name__
 
-        # Integer types
         if type_name in ("ubyte", "ushort", "uint", "ulong", "byte", "short", 
"int32"):
             return int(value)
 
-        # Floating point - convert to hex for exact comparison
         if type_name == "float32":
-            float_val = float(value)
-            # Handle special float values
-            if math.isinf(float_val) or math.isnan(float_val):
-                float_bytes = struct.pack(">f", float_val)
-            else:
-                float_bytes = struct.pack(">f", float_val)
+            float_bytes = struct.pack(">f", float(value))
             int_val = struct.unpack(">I", float_bytes)[0]
             return f"0x{int_val:08x}"
 
-        if type_name == "float":
-            float_val = float(value)
-            # Handle special double values
-            if math.isinf(float_val) or math.isnan(float_val):
-                float_bytes = struct.pack(">d", float_val)
-            else:
-                float_bytes = struct.pack(">d", float_val)
+        # Python float (64-bit double) — Proton's "float" type name is double
+        if isinstance(value, float):
+            float_bytes = struct.pack(">d", value)
             int_val = struct.unpack(">Q", float_bytes)[0]
             return f"0x{int_val:016x}"
 
+        if isinstance(value, int):
+            return value
+
         # Character
         if type_name == "char":
             return ord(str(value))
@@ -629,8 +611,10 @@ class ReceiverHandler(MessagingHandler):
             return str(value)
 
         # Binary
-        if isinstance(value, bytes):
-            return value.hex()
+        if isinstance(value, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            return bytes(value).hex()
+        if isinstance(value, memoryview):
+            return bytes(value).hex()
 
         # String
         if isinstance(value, str):
diff --git a/src/qit/cli/main.py b/src/qit/cli/main.py
index 03fe9af..266a8b3 100644
--- a/src/qit/cli/main.py
+++ b/src/qit/cli/main.py
@@ -117,6 +117,11 @@ def test() -> None:
     is_flag=True,
     help="Include extended tier test values for complex types",
 )
[email protected](
+    "--strict",
+    is_flag=True,
+    help="Treat known failures (xfail) as real failures",
+)
 def test_amqp_types(
     sender: tuple[str, ...],
     receiver: tuple[str, ...],
@@ -126,6 +131,7 @@ def test_amqp_types(
     verbose: bool,
     junit_xml: str | None,
     extended: bool,
+    strict: bool,
 ) -> None:
     """Test AMQP primitive and complex types interoperability."""
     from pathlib import Path
@@ -263,11 +269,13 @@ def test_amqp_types(
 
     # Generate JUnit XML if requested
     if junit_xml:
-        orchestrator.generate_junit_xml(results, junit_xml)
+        orchestrator.generate_junit_xml(results, junit_xml, strict=strict)
         click.echo(f"\n✓ JUnit XML report written to: {junit_xml}")
 
     # Exit with error if any tests failed
-    if any(not r.success for r in results):
+    has_failures = any(not r.success for r in results)
+    has_xfails = any(r.success and r.xfail_diffs for r in results)
+    if has_failures or (strict and has_xfails):
         sys.exit(1)
 
 
diff --git a/src/qit/core/comparison.py b/src/qit/core/comparison.py
index 307ab15..08e47be 100644
--- a/src/qit/core/comparison.py
+++ b/src/qit/core/comparison.py
@@ -224,36 +224,37 @@ class MessageComparator:
             return False
         return self._compare_typed_element(expected["value"], actual["value"])
 
+    def _to_float_bits(self, value: Any) -> int | None:
+        """Normalize a float/double value to its integer bit-pattern."""
+        if isinstance(value, int):
+            return value
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            s = value.strip()
+            if s.startswith("0x") or s.startswith("0X"):
+                return int(s, 16)
+            try:
+                return int(s)
+            except ValueError:
+                return None
+        return None
+
     def _compare_float(self, expected: Any, actual: Any) -> bool:
-        """Compare floating point values using hex representation."""
-        # If both are hex strings, compare directly
-        if isinstance(expected, str) and expected.startswith("0x"):
-            if isinstance(actual, str) and actual.startswith("0x"):
-                return expected.lower() == actual.lower()
-            # Convert actual to hex if it's numeric
-            return expected.lower() == hex(int(actual)).lower()
-
-        # If both are numeric, compare directly (may have precision issues)
-        if isinstance(expected, (int, float)) and isinstance(actual, (int, 
float)):
-            return expected == actual
-
-        # Mixed types - try conversion
-        try:
-            if isinstance(expected, str):
-                expected = int(expected, 16)
-            if isinstance(actual, str):
-                actual = int(actual, 16)
-            return expected == actual
-        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        """Compare floating point values by normalizing to integer 
bit-patterns."""
+        exp_bits = self._to_float_bits(expected)
+        act_bits = self._to_float_bits(actual)
+        if exp_bits is None or act_bits is None:
             return False
+        return exp_bits == act_bits
 
     def _normalize_hex(self, value: Any) -> str:
         """Normalize hex string representation."""
         if isinstance(value, bytes):
             return value.hex().lower()
         if isinstance(value, str):
-            # Remove any whitespace, 0x prefix, etc.
-            return value.replace(" ", "").replace("0x", "").lower()
+            s = value.replace(" ", "").lower()
+            if s.startswith("0x"):
+                s = s[2:]
+            return s
         return str(value).lower()
 
     def format_diff_report(self, diffs: list[MessageDiff]) -> str:
diff --git a/src/qit/core/orchestrator.py b/src/qit/core/orchestrator.py
index 5c2255f..2ebabab 100644
--- a/src/qit/core/orchestrator.py
+++ b/src/qit/core/orchestrator.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from typing import Any
 from qit.core.broker import BrokerManager
 from qit.core.comparison import MessageComparator, MessageDiff
 from qit.core.shim import Shim
+from qit.core.xfail import KnownFailure, find_known_failure, 
get_applicable_failures
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -32,6 +33,8 @@ class TestResult:
     diffs: list[MessageDiff]
     error: str | None = None
     duration_ms: float = 0.0
+    xfail_diffs: list[tuple[MessageDiff, KnownFailure]] | None = None
+    xpass_entries: list[KnownFailure] | None = None
 
 
 class Orchestrator:
@@ -98,8 +101,10 @@ class Orchestrator:
             result = self.run_test_case(test_case)
             results.append(result)
 
-            if result.success:
+            if result.success and not result.xfail_diffs:
                 print("✓")
+            elif result.success and result.xfail_diffs:
+                print(f"✓ ({len(result.xfail_diffs)} xfail)")
             else:
                 print("✗")
                 if result.error:
@@ -165,11 +170,32 @@ class Orchestrator:
             )
 
             if not send_result.success:
+                duration_ms = (time.time() - start_time) * 1000
+                applicable = get_applicable_failures(
+                    test_case.sender_shim,
+                    test_case.receiver_shim,
+                    test_case.amqp_type,
+                )
+                if applicable:
+                    return TestResult(
+                        test_case=test_case,
+                        success=True,
+                        diffs=[],
+                        error=f"Send failed (xfail): {send_result.error}",
+                        duration_ms=duration_ms,
+                        xfail_diffs=[(
+                            MessageDiff(index=-1, field="error",
+                                        expected="success", 
actual="send_error",
+                                        message=f"Send error: 
{send_result.error}"),
+                            applicable[0],
+                        )],
+                    )
                 return TestResult(
                     test_case=test_case,
                     success=False,
                     diffs=[],
                     error=f"Send failed: {send_result.error}",
+                    duration_ms=duration_ms,
                 )
 
             # Receive messages
@@ -189,18 +215,25 @@ class Orchestrator:
                 )
 
             # Compare messages
-            diffs = self.comparator.compare_messages(
+            all_diffs = self.comparator.compare_messages(
                 send_result.messages,
                 recv_result.messages,
             )
 
             duration_ms = (time.time() - start_time) * 1000
 
+            # Classify diffs into genuine failures vs expected failures
+            genuine, xfail_diffs, xpass = self._classify_diffs(
+                test_case, all_diffs,
+            )
+
             return TestResult(
                 test_case=test_case,
-                success=len(diffs) == 0,
-                diffs=diffs,
+                success=len(genuine) == 0,
+                diffs=genuine,
                 duration_ms=duration_ms,
+                xfail_diffs=xfail_diffs,
+                xpass_entries=xpass,
             )
 
         except Exception as e:
@@ -211,11 +244,56 @@ class Orchestrator:
                 error=f"Unexpected error: {e}",
             )
 
+    def _classify_diffs(
+        self,
+        test_case: TestCase,
+        diffs: list[MessageDiff],
+    ) -> tuple[list[MessageDiff], list[tuple[MessageDiff, KnownFailure]], 
list[KnownFailure]]:
+        """Partition diffs into genuine failures and expected failures.
+
+        Returns:
+            (genuine_diffs, xfail_diffs, xpass_entries)
+        """
+        genuine: list[MessageDiff] = []
+        xfail_diffs: list[tuple[MessageDiff, KnownFailure]] = []
+        matched_indices: set[int] = set()
+
+        for diff in diffs:
+            kf = find_known_failure(
+                test_case.sender_shim,
+                test_case.receiver_shim,
+                test_case.amqp_type,
+                diff.index,
+            )
+            if kf is not None:
+                xfail_diffs.append((diff, kf))
+                matched_indices.add(diff.index)
+            else:
+                genuine.append(diff)
+
+        # Find xpass: registered failures that didn't produce any diffs
+        xpass: list[KnownFailure] = []
+        applicable = get_applicable_failures(
+            test_case.sender_shim,
+            test_case.receiver_shim,
+            test_case.amqp_type,
+        )
+        for kf in applicable:
+            if kf.message_indices is not None:
+                if not kf.message_indices & matched_indices:
+                    xpass.append(kf)
+            elif not matched_indices:
+                xpass.append(kf)
+
+        return genuine, xfail_diffs, xpass
+
     def generate_report(self, results: list[TestResult]) -> str:
         """Generate a summary report of test results."""
         total = len(results)
-        passed = sum(1 for r in results if r.success)
-        failed = total - passed
+        passed = sum(1 for r in results if r.success and not r.xfail_diffs)
+        failed = sum(1 for r in results if not r.success)
+        xfail_count = sum(1 for r in results if r.success and r.xfail_diffs)
+        xpass_count = sum(1 for r in results if r.xpass_entries)
 
         lines = [
             "=" * 80,
@@ -224,8 +302,12 @@ class Orchestrator:
             f"Total:  {total}",
             f"Passed: {passed} ({100 * passed / total:.1f}%)" if total > 0 
else "Passed: 0",
             f"Failed: {failed}",
-            "",
         ]
+        if xfail_count > 0:
+            lines.append(f"XFail:  {xfail_count} (known issues)")
+        if xpass_count > 0:
+            lines.append(f"XPass:  {xpass_count} (known issues that now pass)")
+        lines.append("")
 
         if failed > 0:
             lines.append("Failed Tests:")
@@ -237,47 +319,81 @@ class Orchestrator:
                     if result.error:
                         lines.append(f"    Error: {result.error}")
                     if result.diffs:
-                        for diff in result.diffs[:3]:  # Show first 3 diffs
+                        for diff in result.diffs[:3]:
                             lines.append(f"    {diff.message}")
                         if len(result.diffs) > 3:
                             lines.append(f"    ... and {len(result.diffs) - 3} 
more")
                     lines.append("")
 
+        if xfail_count > 0:
+            lines.append("Expected Failures (known issues):")
+            lines.append("-" * 80)
+            for result in results:
+                if result.success and result.xfail_diffs:
+                    tc = result.test_case
+                    reasons = {kf.reason for _, kf in result.xfail_diffs}
+                    lines.append(
+                        f"  {tc.sender_shim} → {tc.receiver_shim} 
({tc.amqp_type}): "
+                        f"{len(result.xfail_diffs)} diff(s)"
+                    )
+                    for reason in sorted(reasons):
+                        lines.append(f"    [XFAIL] {reason}")
+            lines.append("")
+
+        if xpass_count > 0:
+            lines.append("Unexpected Passes (investigate — known issues now 
passing):")
+            lines.append("-" * 80)
+            for result in results:
+                if result.xpass_entries:
+                    tc = result.test_case
+                    for kf in result.xpass_entries:
+                        lines.append(
+                            f"  {tc.sender_shim} → {tc.receiver_shim} 
({tc.amqp_type}): "
+                            f"[XPASS] {kf.reason}"
+                        )
+            lines.append("")
+
         lines.append("=" * 80)
         return "\n".join(lines)
 
-    def generate_junit_xml(self, results: list[TestResult], output_path: str) 
-> None:
+    def generate_junit_xml(
+        self,
+        results: list[TestResult],
+        output_path: str,
+        strict: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
         """
         Generate JUnit XML report for CI/CD integration.
 
         Args:
             results: Test results to report
             output_path: Path to write XML file
+            strict: If True, xfails are reported as failures
         """
         from pathlib import Path
         from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element, SubElement, tostring
         from xml.dom import minidom
 
-        # Ensure output directory exists
         Path(output_path).parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
 
         total = len(results)
-        passed = sum(1 for r in results if r.success)
-        failed = total - passed
+        failed = sum(1 for r in results if not r.success)
+        skipped = sum(1 for r in results if r.success and r.xfail_diffs)
+        if strict:
+            failed += skipped
+            skipped = 0
         total_time_sec = sum(r.duration_ms for r in results) / 1000
 
-        # Create root testsuite element
         testsuite = Element(
             "testsuite",
             name="QIT AMQP Interoperability Tests",
             tests=str(total),
             failures=str(failed),
             errors="0",
-            skipped="0",
+            skipped=str(skipped),
             time=f"{total_time_sec:.3f}",
         )
 
-        # Add test cases
         for result in results:
             tc = result.test_case
             testcase = SubElement(
@@ -289,7 +405,6 @@ class Orchestrator:
             )
 
             if not result.success:
-                # Add failure element
                 failure_msg = result.error if result.error else 
f"{len(result.diffs)} message difference(s)"
                 failure_details = []
 
@@ -298,7 +413,7 @@ class Orchestrator:
 
                 if result.diffs:
                     failure_details.append(f"\nMessage Differences 
({len(result.diffs)} total):")
-                    for diff in result.diffs[:10]:  # Include up to 10 diffs
+                    for diff in result.diffs[:10]:
                         failure_details.append(f"  - {diff.message}")
                     if len(result.diffs) > 10:
                         failure_details.append(f"  ... and {len(result.diffs) 
- 10} more differences")
@@ -311,7 +426,33 @@ class Orchestrator:
                 )
                 failure.text = "\n".join(failure_details)
 
-        # Pretty print and write to file
+            elif result.xfail_diffs:
+                if strict:
+                    reasons = {kf.reason for _, kf in result.xfail_diffs}
+                    failure = SubElement(
+                        testcase,
+                        "failure",
+                        message=f"{len(result.xfail_diffs)} known issue(s) 
(strict mode)",
+                        type="KnownIssue",
+                    )
+                    failure.text = "\n".join(
+                        f"  - {reason}" for reason in sorted(reasons)
+                    )
+                else:
+                    reasons = {kf.reason for _, kf in result.xfail_diffs}
+                    skipped_elem = SubElement(
+                        testcase,
+                        "skipped",
+                        message=f"Known: {'; '.join(sorted(reasons))}",
+                    )
+
+            if result.xpass_entries:
+                sysout = SubElement(testcase, "system-out")
+                xpass_lines = [
+                    f"[XPASS] {kf.reason}" for kf in result.xpass_entries
+                ]
+                sysout.text = "\n".join(xpass_lines)
+
         xml_str = minidom.parseString(tostring(testsuite, 
encoding="unicode")).toprettyxml(indent="  ")
         with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
             f.write(xml_str)
diff --git a/src/qit/core/xfail.py b/src/qit/core/xfail.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aac2c7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/qit/core/xfail.py
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+"""
+Known failure registry for expected test failures.
+
+Tracks client library limitations and known bugs that should not block CI.
+Each entry documents the specific failure, its root cause, and optionally
+a link to the upstream bug tracker.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class KnownFailure:
+    """A known test failure caused by a client library limitation."""
+
+    sender: str
+    receiver: str
+    amqp_type: str
+    message_indices: frozenset[int] | None
+    reason: str
+    bug_url: str = ""
+
+
+def find_known_failure(
+    sender: str,
+    receiver: str,
+    amqp_type: str,
+    message_index: int,
+) -> KnownFailure | None:
+    """Find a matching known failure entry for a specific test diff.
+
+    Returns the first matching KnownFailure, or None if no match.
+    """
+    for kf in KNOWN_FAILURES:
+        if kf.amqp_type != amqp_type:
+            continue
+        if kf.sender != "*" and kf.sender != sender:
+            continue
+        if kf.receiver != "*" and kf.receiver != receiver:
+            continue
+        if kf.message_indices is not None and message_index not in 
kf.message_indices:
+            continue
+        return kf
+    return None
+
+
+def get_applicable_failures(
+    sender: str,
+    receiver: str,
+    amqp_type: str,
+) -> list[KnownFailure]:
+    """Get all known failures that apply to a given test case."""
+    result = []
+    for kf in KNOWN_FAILURES:
+        if kf.amqp_type != amqp_type:
+            continue
+        if kf.sender != "*" and kf.sender != sender:
+            continue
+        if kf.receiver != "*" and kf.receiver != receiver:
+            continue
+        result.append(kf)
+    return result
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Registry of known failures
+#
+# Each entry documents a client library limitation that causes predictable
+# test failures. These are NOT QIT bugs — they are upstream issues.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+KNOWN_FAILURES: list[KnownFailure] = [
+    # --- JavaScript Rhea: parseInt() precision loss for values > 2^53 ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="javascript-rhea", receiver="*", amqp_type="ulong",
+        message_indices=frozenset({6, 7, 8, 9}),
+        reason="JS number precision loss for ulong values > 2^53",
+    ),
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="javascript-rhea", amqp_type="ulong",
+        message_indices=frozenset({6, 7, 8, 9}),
+        reason="JS number precision loss for ulong values > 2^53",
+    ),
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="javascript-rhea", receiver="*", amqp_type="long",
+        message_indices=frozenset({0, 3, 13, 14}),
+        reason="JS number precision loss for long values with |v| > 2^53",
+    ),
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="javascript-rhea", amqp_type="long",
+        message_indices=frozenset({0, 3, 13, 14}),
+        reason="JS number precision loss for long values with |v| > 2^53",
+    ),
+
+    # --- Java ProtonJ2: 16-bit char truncates supplementary codepoints ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="java-protonj2", receiver="*", amqp_type="char",
+        message_indices=frozenset({8}),
+        reason="Java char is 16-bit, truncates codepoints > U+FFFF",
+    ),
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="java-protonj2", amqp_type="char",
+        message_indices=frozenset({8}),
+        reason="Java char is 16-bit, truncates codepoints > U+FFFF",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton: 16-bit char truncates supplementary codepoints ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="dotnet-proton", receiver="*", amqp_type="char",
+        message_indices=frozenset({8}),
+        reason=".NET char is 16-bit, truncates codepoints > U+FFFF",
+    ),
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="dotnet-proton", amqp_type="char",
+        message_indices=frozenset({8}),
+        reason=".NET char is 16-bit, truncates codepoints > U+FFFF",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton: byte[]/binary ambiguity in lists ---
+    # byte[] implements IList<byte>, so Proton .NET encodes it as AMQP
+    # array-of-ubyte instead of binary when it appears inside a list.
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="dotnet-proton", receiver="*", amqp_type="list",
+        message_indices=frozenset({3, 8}),
+        reason="Proton .NET encodes byte[] as array-of-ubyte in lists",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton: timestamp decoded as Int64 in lists ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="dotnet-proton", amqp_type="list",
+        message_indices=frozenset({3, 8}),
+        reason="Proton .NET decodes timestamp as Int64 in list context",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton: ListTypeEncoder NRE with null after non-null ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="dotnet-proton", receiver="*", amqp_type="list",
+        message_indices=frozenset({7}),
+        reason="Proton .NET ListTypeEncoder NullReferenceException: null after 
non-null",
+    ),
+
+    # --- Java ProtonJ2: ListTypeEncoder NRE with null after non-null ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="java-protonj2", receiver="*", amqp_type="list",
+        message_indices=frozenset({7}),
+        reason="ProtonJ2 ListTypeEncoder NullPointerException: null after 
non-null",
+    ),
+
+    # --- Java ProtonJ2: unsigned long values > Long.MAX_VALUE ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="java-protonj2", amqp_type="ulong",
+        message_indices=frozenset({8, 9}),
+        reason="ProtonJ2 decodes unsigned long values > 2^63 as negative 
signed long",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton: ubyte arrays decoded as binary ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="dotnet-proton", amqp_type="array",
+        message_indices=frozenset({7}),
+        reason="Proton .NET byte[]/binary ambiguity for nested ubyte arrays",
+    ),
+
+    # --- Java ProtonJ2: binary/timestamp decoded incorrectly in lists ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="java-protonj2", amqp_type="list",
+        message_indices=frozenset({3, 8}),
+        reason="ProtonJ2 decodes binary/timestamp incorrectly in list context",
+    ),
+
+    # --- Java ProtonJ2: null character (U+0000) encoding ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="java-protonj2", receiver="*", amqp_type="char",
+        message_indices=frozenset({0}),
+        reason="ProtonJ2 encodes null character (U+0000) incorrectly",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton: empty binary round-trip ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="dotnet-proton", receiver="dotnet-proton", amqp_type="binary",
+        message_indices=frozenset({0}),
+        reason="Proton .NET empty binary round-trip type mismatch",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton → Java ProtonJ2: binary encoding incompatibility ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="dotnet-proton", receiver="java-protonj2", amqp_type="binary",
+        message_indices=None,
+        reason="Proton .NET binary encoding incompatible with ProtonJ2 binary 
decoder",
+    ),
+
+    # --- .NET Proton: timestamp decoded as Int64 (primitive type) ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="dotnet-proton", amqp_type="timestamp",
+        message_indices=None,
+        reason="Proton .NET decodes timestamp as Int64 instead of DateTime",
+    ),
+
+    # --- Java ProtonJ2: timestamp decoded as Long (primitive type) ---
+    KnownFailure(
+        sender="*", receiver="java-protonj2", amqp_type="timestamp",
+        message_indices=None,
+        reason="ProtonJ2 decodes timestamp as Long instead of Date",
+    ),
+]
diff --git a/src/qit/types/composites.py b/src/qit/types/composites.py
index a1bca0d..a86d6d6 100644
--- a/src/qit/types/composites.py
+++ b/src/qit/types/composites.py
@@ -34,6 +34,14 @@ class AmqpComplexTypes:
                     {"element_type": "ushort", "elements": [4, 5, 6]},
                 ],
             },
+            # Array of ubyte arrays (triggers Proton .NET byte[]/binary 
ambiguity)
+            {
+                "element_type": "array",
+                "elements": [
+                    {"element_type": "ubyte", "elements": [1, 2, 3]},
+                    {"element_type": "ubyte", "elements": [4, 5, 6]},
+                ],
+            },
             # Array of lists (nested)
             {
                 "element_type": "list",
@@ -55,14 +63,15 @@ class AmqpComplexTypes:
             [["string", "hello"], ["string", "world"]],
             # Homogeneous ints
             [["int", -1], ["int", 0], ["int", 1]],
-            # Mixed primitives (null first: works around Proton .NET 
ListTypeEncoder NRE;
-            # binary omitted: Proton .NET encodes byte[] as array-of-ubyte in 
lists)
+            # Mixed primitives (null first: works around Proton .NET 
ListTypeEncoder NRE)
             [
                 ["null", None],
                 ["string", "hello"],
                 ["int", -42],
                 ["boolean", True],
                 ["float", "0x3f800000"],
+                ["binary", "deadbeef"],
+                ["timestamp", 1609459200000],
             ],
             # Nested lists
             [
@@ -80,9 +89,13 @@ class AmqpComplexTypes:
                 ["array", {"element_type": "uint", "elements": [1, 2, 3]}],
                 ["string", "after"],
             ],
+            # Null after non-null (triggers Proton .NET ListTypeEncoder NRE)
+            [
+                ["string", "before"],
+                ["null", None],
+                ["int", 42],
+            ],
             # Kitchen sink: one element per common primitive type
-            # (timestamp omitted: Proton .NET decodes it as long in list 
context;
-            #  binary omitted: Proton .NET encodes byte[] as array-of-ubyte in 
lists)
             [
                 ["null", None],
                 ["boolean", True],
@@ -98,6 +111,8 @@ class AmqpComplexTypes:
                 ["symbol", "sym"],
                 ["uuid", "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000"],
                 ["char", 65],
+                ["binary", "ff00"],
+                ["timestamp", 946684800000],
             ],
         ],
         "description": "Heterogeneous typed list",


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