Added: websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/action-proxy-and-actionproxy-factory.html ============================================================================== --- websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/action-proxy-and-actionproxy-factory.html (added) +++ websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/action-proxy-and-actionproxy-factory.html Thu Jun 1 11:35:58 2017 @@ -0,0 +1,251 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> +<head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"/> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> + <meta name="Date-Revision-yyyymmdd" content="20140918"/> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en"/> + <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> + + <title>Action Proxy & ActionProxy Factory</title> + + <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,400,600,700,400italic,600italic,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> + <link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.3/css/font-awesome.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/css/main.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/css/custom.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/highlighter/github-theme.css" rel="stylesheet"> + + <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.0/jquery.min.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/community.js"></script> +</head> +<body> + +<a href="http://github.com/apache/struts"; 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By default, Actions are obtained through local instantiation, but an Action could also be obtained remotely if an alternative ActionProxy were provided.</p> + +<p>An alternative ActionProxy can be configured through ActionProxyFactory. Typically, an ActionProxy will utilize the ActionInvocation to encapsulate the execution of a particular request.</p> + +<p>The ActionInvocation determines how an Action is handled: Is it being intercepted? Is there a PreResultListener acting on it?</p> + +<p>Essentially, ActionProxy encapsulates how an Action can be obtained. ActionInvocation encapsulates how the Action is executed when a request is invoked.</p> + +<p>####Customization####</p> + +<p>#####ActionProxyFactory#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> + ActionProxyFactory.setFactory(new MyActionProxyFactory() { + + // Do something interesting... + + }); + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####ActionProxy#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> + ActionProxyFactory.getFactory(new MyActionProxyFactory() { + .... + public ActionProxy createActionProxy(Configuration config, + String namespace, String actionName, Map extraContext) + throws Exception { + createActionProxy(config, namespace, actionName, extraContext, true); + } + public ActionProxy createActionProxy(Configuration config, + String namespace, String actionName, Map extraContext, + boolean executeResult, boolean cleanupContext) + throws Exception { + .... + } + .... + }); + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####ActionInvocation#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> + ActionProxyFactory.getFactory(new MyActionProxyFactory() { + ... + public ActionInvocation createActionInvocation(ActionProxy actionProxy) + throws Exception { + createActionInvocation(actionProxy, new LinkedHashMap()); + } + public ActionInvocation createActionInvocation(ActionProxy actionProxy, + Map extraContext) throws Exception { + createActionInvocation(actionProxy, extraContext, true); + } + public ActionInvocation createActionInvocation(ActionProxy actionProxy, + Map extraContext, boolean pushAction) + throws Exception { + // Do implementation of ActionInvocation here + ..... + } + ... + }); + +</code></pre> +</div> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); + } +}(document, "script", "twitter-wjs");</script> +<script src="https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js"; async="async" defer="defer"></script> + +<div id="fb-root"></div> + +<script>(function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (d.getElementById(id)) return; + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_GB/all.js#xfbml=1"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); +}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> + + +<script> +$(function() { + return $("h2, h3, h4, h5, h6").each(function(i, el) { + var $el, id; + $el = $(el); + id = $el.attr('id'); + if (id) { + $el.removeAttr('id'); + return $el.before($("<a />").addClass('anchor').attr('name', id)); + } + }); +}); +</script> + +</body> +</html>
Added: websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/after-annotation.html ============================================================================== --- websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/after-annotation.html (added) +++ websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/after-annotation.html Thu Jun 1 11:35:58 2017 @@ -0,0 +1,206 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> +<head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"/> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> + <meta name="Date-Revision-yyyymmdd" content="20140918"/> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en"/> + <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> + + <title>After Annotation</title> + + <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,400,600,700,400italic,600italic,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> + <link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.3/css/font-awesome.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/css/main.css" 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<li><a href="/builds.html">Source Code</a></li> + <li><a href="/coding-standards.html">Coding standards</a></li> + <li class="divider"></li> + <li><a href="/releases.html">Release Guidelines</a></li> + <li><a href="/bylaws.html">PMC Charter</a></li> + <li><a href="/volunteers.html">Volunteers</a></li> + <li><a href="https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf?p=struts.git";>Source Repository</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class="apache"><a href="http://www.apache.org/";><img src="/img/apache.png"></a></li> + </ul> + </div> + </div> + </div> + </nav> +</header> + + +<article class="container"> + <section class="col-md-12"> + <a href="index.html" title="back to Core Developers Guide"><< back to Core Developers Guide</a> + <h1 id="after-annotation">After Annotation</h1> + +<p>####After Annotation####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">snippet:id=description|javadoc=true|url=com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.annotations.After</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####Usage#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">snippet:id=usage|javadoc=true|url=com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.annotations.After</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####Parameters#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">snippet:id=parameters|javadoc=true|url=com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.annotations.After</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####Examples#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">snippet:id=example|javadoc=true|lang=java|url=com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.annotations.After</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre> +</div> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); + } +}(document, "script", 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href="/volunteers.html">Volunteers</a></li> + <li><a href="https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf?p=struts.git";>Source Repository</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class="apache"><a href="http://www.apache.org/";><img src="/img/apache.png"></a></li> + </ul> + </div> + </div> + </div> + </nav> +</header> + + +<article class="container"> + <section class="col-md-12"> + <a href="index.html" title="back to Core Developers Guide"><< back to Core Developers Guide</a> + <h1 id="ajax-client-side-validation">AJAX Client Side Validation</h1> + +<p>This validation mode only works with the <em>ajax theme</em></p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>AJAX-based client side validation improves upon <a href="#PAGE_14262">Pure JavaScript Client Side Validation</a> by using a combination of JavaScript, DOM manipulation, and remote server communication. Unlike the pure client side implementation, AJAX-based validation communicates with the server. This means all your validation rules that worked when submitting a form will still work within the browser.</p> + +<p>The validation occurs on each <strong>onblur</strong> event for each form element. As each user types in some values and moves to the next form element, the value (and all other values previously entered) will be sent to the server for validation. The entire validation stack is run, including visitor validators and your actionâs validate() method.</p> + +<p>If there is an error, like the pure implementation, the HTML and DOM will be updated immediately.</p> + +<p>For an example of this, see <em>AJAX Validation</em> .</p> + +<p><strong>AJAX Validation</strong></p> + +<p><strong>Description</strong></p> + +<p>Struts provides <a href="client-side-validation.html">client side validation</a>(using JavaScript) for a few validators. Using AJAX validation, all <a href="#PAGE_14292">validators</a> available to the application on the server side can be used without forcing the page to reload, just to show validation errors. AJAX validation has a server side, which is in included in <em>JSON Plugin</em> (an interceptor and a result). Client side must be handled by applictions themself. One reason for that is there are too many JavaScript frameworks and libraries. Struts has no preference which of them you use. Previous versions of Struts included a client side which was relying on the Dojo JS framework and was located in Struts Dojo plugin. That has been deprecated for a long time and was eventually removed.</p> + +<p><strong>Example</strong></p> + +<p>This example is taken from the Struts showcase application.</p> + +<p><strong>Create the action class</strong></p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>public class AjaxFormSubmitAction extends ActionSupport { + private String requiredValidatorField = null; + private String requiredStringValidatorField = null; + private Integer integerValidatorField = null; + private Date dateValidatorField = null; + private String emailValidatorField = null; + private String urlValidatorField = null; + private String stringLengthValidatorField = null; + private String regexValidatorField = null; + private String fieldExpressionValidatorField = null; + @Override + public void validate() { + if (hasFieldErrors()) { + addActionError("Errors present!"); + } + } + public Date getDateValidatorField() { + return dateValidatorField; + } + @DateRangeFieldValidator( + min="01/01/1990", + max="01/01/2000", + message="must be a min 01-01-1990 max 01-01-2000 if supplied") + public void setDateValidatorField(Date dateValidatorField) { + this.dateValidatorField = dateValidatorField; + } + public String getEmailValidatorField() { + return emailValidatorField; + } + @EmailValidator(message="must be a valid email if supplied") + public void setEmailValidatorField(String emailValidatorField) { + this.emailValidatorField = emailValidatorField; + } + public Integer getIntegerValidatorField() { + return integerValidatorField; + } + @IntRangeFieldValidator(min="1", max="10", message="must be integer min 1 max 10 if supplied") + public void setIntegerValidatorField(Integer integerValidatorField) { + this.integerValidatorField = integerValidatorField; + } + public String getRegexValidatorField() { + return regexValidatorField; + } + @RegexFieldValidator( + regex="[^<>]+", + message="regexValidatorField must match a regexp (.*\\.txt) if specified") + public void setRegexValidatorField(String regexValidatorField) { + this.regexValidatorField = regexValidatorField; + } + public String getRequiredStringValidatorField() { + return requiredStringValidatorField; + } + @RequiredStringValidator(trim=true, message="required and must be string") + public void setRequiredStringValidatorField(String requiredStringValidatorField) { + this.requiredStringValidatorField = requiredStringValidatorField; + } + public String getRequiredValidatorField() { + return requiredValidatorField; + } + @RequiredFieldValidator(message="required") + public void setRequiredValidatorField(String requiredValidatorField) { + this.requiredValidatorField = requiredValidatorField; + } + public String getStringLengthValidatorField() { + return stringLengthValidatorField; + } + @StringLengthFieldValidator( + minLength="2", + maxLength="4", + trim=true, + message="must be a String of a specific greater than 1 less than 5 if specified") + public void setStringLengthValidatorField(String stringLengthValidatorField) { + this.stringLengthValidatorField = stringLengthValidatorField; + } + public String getFieldExpressionValidatorField() { + return fieldExpressionValidatorField; + } + @FieldExpressionValidator( + expression = "(fieldExpressionValidatorField == requiredValidatorField)", + message = "must be the same as the Required Validator Field if specified") + public void setFieldExpressionValidatorField( + String fieldExpressionValidatorField) { + this.fieldExpressionValidatorField = fieldExpressionValidatorField; + } + public String getUrlValidatorField() { + return urlValidatorField; + } + @UrlValidator(message="must be a valid url if supplied") + public void setUrlValidatorField(String urlValidatorField) { + this.urlValidatorField = urlValidatorField; + } +} +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p> </p> + +<p><strong>Map the Action</strong></p> + +<p>Note that is is not necessary when using <em>Convention Plugin</em> .</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp"><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"></span> + +<span class="nt"><struts></span> + <span class="nt"><package></span> + <span class="nt"><action</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"ajaxFormSubmit"</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"org.apache.struts2.showcase.validation.AjaxFormSubmitAction"</span><span class="nt">></span> + <span class="nt"><interceptor-ref</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"jsonValidationWorkflowStack"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><result</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"input"</span><span class="nt">></span>/WEB-INF/validation/ajaxFormSubmit.jsp<span class="nt"></result></span> + <span class="nt"><result</span> <span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"jsonActionRedirect"</span><span class="nt">></span>ajaxFormSubmitSuccess<span class="nt"></result></span> + <span class="nt"></action></span> + <span class="nt"></package></span> + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>AJAX validation is performed by the <em>jsonValidation</em> interceptor. This interceptor is included in the <em>jsonValidationWorkflowStack</em> , and is required in order to perform AJAX validation. Normal results(input, success, etc) should be provided for the action in the case that someone tries to access the action directly, in which case normal validation will be triggered. So, how does the <em>jsonValidation</em> know that it must perform AJAX validation vs regular validation? We will see that in a minute, but you donât need to know that in order to use AJAX validation. Same applies for specialized Redirect Result Type <em>jsonActionRedirect</em> .</p> + +<p><strong>Create the JSP</strong></p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="err"><</span>%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> +<span class="nt"><html></span> +<span class="nt"><head></span> + <span class="nt"><title></span>Struts2 Showcase - Validation - AJAX Form Submit<span class="nt"></title></span> + <span class="nt"><s:head</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"xhtml"</span><span class="nt">/></span> +<span class="nt"></head></span> +<span class="nt"><body></span> +<span class="nt"><div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"page-header"</span><span class="nt">></span> + <span class="nt"><h1></span>AJAX Form Submit<span class="nt"></h1></span> +<span class="nt"></div></span> + <span class="nt"><h3></span>Action Errors Will Appear Here<span class="nt"></h3></span> + <span class="nt"><s:actionerror</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><hr/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:form</span> <span class="na">method=</span><span class="s">"POST"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"xhtml"</span><span class="nt">></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Required Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"requiredValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Required String Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"requiredStringValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Integer Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"integerValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Date Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"dateValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Email Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"emailValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"URL Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"urlValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"String Length Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"stringLengthValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Regex Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"regexValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:textfield</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Field Expression Validator Field"</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"fieldExpressionValidatorField"</span> <span class="na">theme=</span><span class="s">"ajaxErrorContainers"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"><s:submit</span> <span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">"Submit"</span> <span class="na">cssClass=</span><span class="s">"btn btn-primary"</span><span class="nt">/></span> + <span class="nt"></s:form></span> +<span class="nt"></body></span> +<span class="nt"></html></span> +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>Things to note on this JSP:</p> + +<ul> + <li> + <p>The <em>form</em> tag <strong>does not</strong> have <em>validate</em> set to <em>true</em> , which would perform client validation before the AJAX validation.</p> + </li> + <li> + <p>It uses a customized theme <em>ajaxErrorContainers</em> . The default Struts themes generate HTML-Elements to show validation errors only if errors are present when page is created on server side. But in order to show validation errors that arrive later via AJAX it is necessary to have error-container elements in DOM always.</p> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>What happens if validation succeeds? That depends on your request parameters and action configuration. If you are using <em>jsonActionRedirect</em> result mentioned above the action will be executed while AJAX request is active and respond with JSON providing a new URL to load. Otherwise the AJAX response will be empty and the form must be submitted a 2nd time but as usual request, not AJAX.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Setting <em>validate</em> to <em>true</em> in the <em>form</em> tag will enable client side, JavaScript validation, which can be used along with AJAX validation (runs before the AJAX validation).</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p><strong>Custom Theme</strong></p> + +<p>In this sample the <em>custom theme</em> is based on <em>xhtml</em> theme. It is required to override 3 FTL files.</p> + +<blockquote> + <p>theme.properties</p> +</blockquote> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>parent = xhtml +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p> </p> + +<blockquote> + <p>actionerror.ftl</p> +</blockquote> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><#-- + Make sure element is always present. To be filled later via JS. +--> +<ul<#rt/> +<#if parameters.id??> + id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/> +</#if> +<#if parameters.cssClass??> + class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/> +<#else> + class="errorMessage"<#rt/> +</#if> +<#if parameters.cssStyle??> + style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/> +</#if> +> +<#if (actionErrors?? && actionErrors?size > 0)> + <#list actionErrors as error> + <#if error??> + <li><span><#if parameters.escape>${error!?html}<#else>${error!}</#if></span><#rt/></li><#rt/> + </#if> + </#list> +</#if> +</ul> +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p> </p> + +<blockquote> + <p>controlfooter.ftl</p> +</blockquote> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>${parameters.after!}<#t/> + </td><#lt/> +</tr> +<#if (parameters.errorposition!"top") == 'bottom'> +<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?? && fieldErrors?? && fieldErrors[parameters.name]??/> +<#if hasFieldErrors> +<tr errorFor="${parameters.id}"> + <td class="tdErrorMessage" colspan="2"><#rt/> + <#if hasFieldErrors> + <#list fieldErrors[parameters.name] as error> + <div class="errorMessage">${error?html}</div><#t/> + </#list> + </#if> + </td><#lt/> +</tr> +</#if> +</#if> + + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p> </p> + +<blockquote> + <p>controlheader-core.ftl</p> +</blockquote> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> <#-- + Always include elements to show errors. They may be filled later via AJAX. +--> +<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?? && fieldErrors?? && fieldErrors[parameters.name]??/> +<#if (parameters.errorposition!"top") == 'top'> +<tr errorFor="${parameters.id}"> + <td class="tdErrorMessage" colspan="2" data-error-for-fieldname="${parameters.name}"><#rt/> + <#if hasFieldErrors> + <#list fieldErrors[parameters.name] as error> + <div class="errorMessage">${error?html}</div><#t/> + </#list> + </#if> + </td><#lt/> +</tr> +</#if> +<#if !parameters.labelposition?? && (parameters.form.labelposition)??> +<#assign labelpos = parameters.form.labelposition/> +<#elseif parameters.labelposition??> +<#assign labelpos = parameters.labelposition/> +</#if> +<#-- + if the label position is top, + then give the label it's own row in the table +--> +<tr> +<#if (labelpos!"") == 'top'> + <td class="tdLabelTop" colspan="2"><#rt/> +<#else> + <td class="tdLabel"><#rt/> +</#if> +<#if parameters.label??> + <label <#t/> +<#if parameters.id??> + for="${parameters.id?html}" <#t/> +</#if> +<#if hasFieldErrors> + class="errorLabel"<#t/> +<#else> + class="label"<#t/> +</#if> + ><#t/> +<#if parameters.required!false && parameters.requiredPosition!"right" != 'right'> + <span class="required">*</span><#t/> +</#if> +${parameters.label?html}<#t/> +<#if parameters.required!false && parameters.requiredPosition!"right" == 'right'> + <span class="required">*</span><#t/> +</#if> +${parameters.labelseparator!":"?html}<#t/> +<#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/${parameters.expandTheme}/tooltip.ftl" /> +</label><#t/> +</#if> + </td><#lt/> +<#-- add the extra row --> +<#if (labelpos!"") == 'top'> +</tr> +<tr> +</#if> + + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p><strong>CSS</strong></p> + +<p>To show users some nice visual feedback while waiting for AJAX response you can use a little CSS. Remember to include the referenced <em>indicator.gif</em> .</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>.ajaxVisualFeedback { + width: 16px; + height: 16px; + background-image: url('../images/indicator.gif'); + background-repeat: no-repeat; + float: right; +} +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p> </p> + +<p><strong>JavaScript</strong></p> + +<p>Now this is where the magic happens. Here <em>jQuery</em> is used to register an eventhandler which intercepts form submits. It takes care of hiding validation errors that might be present, submit the form via AJAX and handle JSON responses.</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> /** + * Validates form per AJAX. To be called as onSubmit handler. + * + * @param event onSubmit event + */ +function ajaxFormValidation(event) { + event.preventDefault(); + _removeValidationErrors(); + var _form = $(event.target); + var _formData = _form.serialize(true); + // prepare visual feedback + // you may want to use other elements here + var originalButton = _form.find('.btn-primary'); + // note: jQuery returns an array-like object + if (originalButton && originalButton.length && originalButton.length > 0) { + originalButton.hide(); + var feedbackElement = $('<div class="ajaxVisualFeedback"></div>').insertAfter(originalButton); + var restoreFunction = function() { + originalButton.show(); + feedbackElement.remove(); + } + } + var options = { + data: 'struts.enableJSONValidation=true&struts.validateOnly=false&' + _formData, + async: true, + processData: false, + type: 'POST', + success: function (response, statusText, xhr) { + if (response.location) { + // no validation errors + // action has been executed and sent a redirect URL wrapped as JSON + // cannot use a normal http-redirect (status-code 3xx) as this would be followed by browsers and would not be available here + // follow JSON-redirect + window.location.href = response.location; + } else { + if (restoreFunction) { + restoreFunction(); + } + _handleValidationResult(_form, response); + } + }, + error: function(xhr, textStatus, errorThrown) { + if (restoreFunction) { + restoreFunction(); + } + // struts sends status code 400 when validation errors are present + if (xhr.status === 400) { + _handleValidationResult(_form, JSON.parse(xhr.responseText)) + } else { + // a real error occurred -> show user an error message + _handleValidationResult(_form, {errors: ['Network or server error!']}) + } + } + } + // send request, after delay to make sure everybody notices the visual feedback :) + window.setTimeout(function() { + var url = _form[0].action; + jQuery.ajax(url, options); + }, 1000); +} +/** + * Removes validation errors from HTML DOM. + */ +function _removeValidationErrors() { + // action errors + // you might want to use a custom ID here + $('ul.errorMessage li').remove(); + // field errors + $('div.errorMessage').remove(); +} +/** + * Incorporates validation errors in HTML DOM. + * + * @param form Form containing errors. + * @param errors Errors from server. + */ +function _handleValidationResult(form, errors) { + // action errors + if (errors.errors) { + // you might want to use a custom ID here + var errorContainer = $('ul.errorMessage'); + $.each(errors.errors, function(index, errorMsg) { + var li = $('<li><span></span></li>'); + li.text(errorMsg); // use text() for security reasons + errorContainer.append(li); + }); + } + // field errors + if (errors.fieldErrors) { + $.each(errors.fieldErrors, function(fieldName, errorMsg) { + var td = $('td[data-error-for-fieldname="' + fieldName + '"]'); + if (td) { + var div = $('<div class="errorMessage"></div>'); + div.text(errorMsg); // use text() for security reasons + td.append(div); + } + }); + } +} +// register onSubmit handler +$(window).bind('load', function() { + $('form').bind('submit', ajaxFormValidation); +}); +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p> </p> + +<p><strong>How it works</strong></p> + +<p><em>jsonValidation</em> interceptor must be placed on a stack, following the <em>validation</em> interceptor. The interceptor itself wonât perform any validation, but will check for validation errors on the action being invoked (assuming that the action is ValidationAware).</p> + +<p>If you just want to use AJAX validation, without knowing the implementation details, you can skip this section.</p> + +<p>When the <em>jsonValidation</em> interceptor is invoked, it will look for a parameter named <em>struts.enableJSONValidation</em> , this parameter <strong>must</strong> be set to <em>true</em> , otherwise the interceptor wonât do anything. Then the interceptor will look for a parameter named <em>struts.validateOnly</em> , if this parameter exists, is set to <em>true</em> , and there are validation errors (o action errors) they will be serialized into JSON in the form:</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nt">"errors"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Global Error 1"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Global Error 2"</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nt">"fieldErrors"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nt">"field1"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Field 1 Error 1"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Field 1 Error 2"</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nt">"field1"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Field 2 Error 1"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Field 2 Error 2"</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> + +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<p>If the action implements the <em>ModelDrive</em> interface, âmodel.â will be stripped from the field names in the returned JSON. If validation succeeds (and <em>struts.validateOnly</em> is true), an empty JSON string will be returned:</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{}</span><span class="w"> + +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<p>If <em>struts.validateOnly</em> is false the action and result are executed. In this case <em>jsonActionRedirect</em> result is very useful. It creates a JSON response in the form:</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="nt">"location"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"<url to be loaded next>"</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> + +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<blockquote> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote> + <p>Remember to set struts.enableJSONValidation=true in the request to enable AJAX validation</p> +</blockquote> + +<blockquote> + +</blockquote> + +<p><strong>JSONValidationInterceptor parameters</strong></p> + +<p>The following request parameters can be used to enable exposing validation errors:</p> + +<ul> + <li> + <p><strong>struts.enableJSONValidation</strong> - a request parameter must be set to <strong>true</strong> to use this interceptor</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>struts.validateOnly</strong> - If the request has this parameter, execution will return after validation (action wonât be executed). If <strong>struts.validateOnly</strong> is set to false you may want to use <em>JSONActionRedirectResult</em></p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>struts.JSONValidation.no.encoding</strong> - If the request has this parameter set to <strong>true,</strong> the character encoding will <strong>NOT</strong> be set on the response - is needed in portlet environment</p> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>You can override names of these parameters by specifying the following parameters when setting up a stack:</p> + +<ul> + <li> + <p><strong>validateJsonParam</strong> - to override name of <strong>struts.enableJSONValidation</strong>** +**</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>validateOnlyParam</strong> - to override name of <strong>struts.validateOnly</strong></p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>noEncodingSetParam</strong> - to override name of <strong>struts.JSONValidation.no.encoding</strong></p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>validationFailedStatus</strong> - status to be set on response when there are validation errors, by default <strong>400</strong></p> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>** +**</p> + +<p> Parameters overriding is available since Struts 2.5.9</p> + +<p><strong>Flow chart of AJAX validation</strong></p> + +<p>Some details are omitted, like results used.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>As explained above: there is a case where form is submitted twice, one time as AJAX with validation only and another time as usual submit.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p><em>struts2-ajax-vali-flow.png</em></p> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; 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Essentially, a JavaScript can make a HTTP request and update portions of a page directly, without going through a conventional POST or GET and refreshing the entire page. Better yet, a page can contain several JavaScripts making simultaneous (asynchronous) requests.</p> + +<p>The key point is that when a script makes an âAjax requestâ (XHR), the server doesnât know it came from a script, and handles it like any other request. One reason Ajax is so successful is that it works just fine with existing server technologies, including Struts.</p> + +<p>Itâs not the Ajax request that is different, but the Ajax response. Instead of returning an entire page for the browser to display (or redisplay), an Ajax response will just return a portion of a page. The response can take the form of XML, or HTML, or plain text, another script, or whatever else the calling script may want.</p> + +<p>Both Struts 1 and Struts 2 can return any type of response. We are not limited to forwarding to a server page. In Struts 1, you can just do something like:</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>response.setContentType("text/html"); +PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); +out.println("Hello World! This is an AJAX response from a Struts Action."); +out.flush(); +return null; + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>In Struts 2, we can do the same thing with a Stream result.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Using a Struts 2 plugin (e.g., <em>JSON plugin</em> , jQuery plugin, etc.) is, in general, preferred to writing the response directly from within an action. See sections following this for further details.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p><strong>Struts 2 Stream result Action</strong></p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>package actions; + +import java.io.InputStream; +import java.io.StringBufferInputStream; +import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; + +public class TextResult extends ActionSupport { + private InputStream inputStream; + public InputStream getInputStream() { + return inputStream; + } + + public String execute() throws Exception { + inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream("Hello World! This is a text string response from a Struts 2 Action.".getBytes("UTF-8")); + return SUCCESS; + } +} + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p><strong>Struts 2 Configuring the TextResult Action</strong></p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><action name="text-result" class="actions.TextResult"> + <result type="stream"> + <param name="contentType">text/html</param> + <param name="inputName">inputStream</param> + </result> +</action> + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>(ok) Struts 2 can also return a JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) response, using a <a href="http://cwiki\.apache\.org/S2PLUGINS/json\-plugin\.html";>plugin</a>^[http://cwiki.apache.org/S2PLUGINS/json-plugin.html].</p> + +<p>On the client side, there are two basic strategies, which can be mixed and matched.</p> + +<p>First, you can use some type of JSP tag. Here, you donât have to know very much at all about Ajax or JavaScript. The taglib does all the work, and you just have to figure out how to use the taglib. The standard Struts 2 taglib includes several <em>Ajax JSP tags</em> , and many third-party libraries are available, including:</p> + +<ul> + <li> + <p><a href="http://ajaxtags\.sourceforge\.net/";>Ajax Tags</a>^[http://ajaxtags.sourceforge.net/]</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><a href="http://javawebparts\.sourceforge\.net/";>AjaxParts Taglib</a>^[http://javawebparts.sourceforge.net/]</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><a href="http://servletsuite\.blogspot\.com/2006/06/coldtags\-suite\-ajax\-edition\.html";>ColdTags Suite</a>^[http://servletsuite.blogspot.com/2006/06/coldtags-suite-ajax-edition.html]</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><a href="http://www\.jenkov\.com/prizetags/introduction\.tmpl";>Prize Tags</a>^[http://www.jenkov.com/prizetags/introduction.tmpl]</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><a href="http://json\-taglib\.sourceforge\.net/";>JSON-taglib</a>^[http://json-taglib.sourceforge.net/]</p> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>Alternatively, you can use a plain-old Ajax widget on a plain-old HTML page, using libraries like <a href="http://dojotoolkit\.org/";>Dojo</a>^[http://dojotoolkit.org/], <a href="http://jquery\.com/";>JQuery</a>^[http://jquery.com/], or <a href="http://developer\.yahoo\.com/yui/";>YUI</a>^[http://developer.yahoo.com/yui/], and the StreamResult or the <a href="http://cwiki\.apache\.org/S2PLUGINS/json\-plugin\.html";>JSON Plugin</a>^[http://cwiki.apache.org/S2PLUGINS/json-plugin.html]. Here, the skyâs the limit, but you actually have to learn something about JavaScript as a language.</p> + +<p>####Ajax Plugins####</p> + +<p>While Struts works fine with Ajax out-of-the-box, for added value, several Ajax-centric plugins are available.</p> + +<p>#####Ajax Tag Plugins#####</p> + +<ul> + <li> + <p><strong>jQuery</strong> - The <a href="https://github\.com/struts\-community\-plugins/struts2\-jquery";>jQuery Plugin</a>^[https://github.com/struts-community-plugins/struts2-jquery] provide ajax functionality and UI Widgets an JavaScript Grid based on the jQuery javascript framework.** +**</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>Ajax Parts</strong> - The <a href="http://code\.google\.com/p/struts2ajaxpartstaglibplugin/";>AjaxParts Taglib (APT)</a>^[http://code.google.com/p/struts2ajaxpartstaglibplugin/] is a component of the Java Web Parts (JWP) project (<a href="http://javawebparts\.sourceforge\.net";>http://javawebparts.sourceforge.net</a>) that allows for 100% declarative (read: no Javascript coding required!) AJAX functionality within a Java-based webapp.</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>Dojo</strong> - The <em>Ajax Tags Dojo Plugin</em> was represented as a theme for Struts 2.0. For Struts 2.1, the Dojo tags are bundled as a plugin until version 2.3.x. Since version 2.5 this plugin is not part of th Struts2 distribution anymore </p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>YUI</strong> - The <a href="https://code\.google\.com/p/struts2yuiplugin/";>Yahoo User Interface (YUI) Plugin</a>^[https://code.google.com/p/struts2yuiplugin/] has only a few tags are available so far, but the YUI tags tend to be easier to use than the Dojo versions.</p> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>#####Other Ajax Plugins#####</p> + +<ul> + <li> + <p><strong>Ajax File Upload</strong> - With the <a href="http://www\.davidjc\.com/ajaxfileupload/demo\!input\.action";>Ajax File Upload Plugin</a>^[http://www.davidjc.com/ajaxfileupload/demo!input.action] we can upload a file to the server and asynchronously monitor its progress.</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>GWT</strong> - The <a href="https://code\.google\.com/p/struts2gwtplugin/";>Google Web Toolkit Plugin</a>^[https://code.google.com/p/struts2gwtplugin/] exposes Struts 2 actions to the GWT RPC mechanism.</p> + </li> + <li> + <p><strong>JSON</strong> - The <em>JSON Plugin</em> serializes Actions properties into JSON, making it easy to respond to JavaScript requests.</p> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>See the <a href="http://cwiki\.apache\.org/S2PLUGINS/home\.html";>Struts Plugin Repository</a>^[http://cwiki.apache.org/S2PLUGINS/home.html] for a complete list of Struts 2 plugins.</p> + +<p>####Ajax Results with JSP####</p> + +<p>While server pages are most often used to generate HTML, we can use server pages to create other types of data streams. Hereâs an example:</p> + +<p><strong>book.jsp</strong></p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><%@ page import="java.util.Iterator, + java.util.List, + com.esolaria.dojoex.Book, + com.esolaria.dojoex.BookManager" %> +<% + String bookIdStr = request.getParameter("bookId"); + int bookId = (bookIdStr == null || "".equals(bookIdStr.trim())) + ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(bookIdStr); + Book book = BookManager.getBook(bookId); + if (book != null) { + out.println(book.toJSONString()); + System.out.println("itis: " + book.toJSONString()); + } +%> + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>In the code example, we use</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>System.out.println +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>to return a JSON data stream as the response. For more about this technique, see the article <a href="http://today\.java\.net/pub/a/today/2006/04/27/building\-ajax\-with\-dojo\-and\-json\.html";>Using Dojo and JSON to Build Ajax Applications</a>^[http://today.java.net/pub/a/today/2006/04/27/building-ajax-with-dojo-and-json.html].</p> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = 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class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">snippet:id=parameters|javadoc=true|url=com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####Extending the Interceptor#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">snippet:id=extending|javadoc=true|url=com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####Examples#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="err">snippet:id=example|lang=xml|javadoc=true|url=com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre> +</div> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 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