Added: websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/multiselect-interceptor.html ============================================================================== --- websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/multiselect-interceptor.html (added) +++ websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/multiselect-interceptor.html Thu Jun 1 11:35:58 2017 @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> +<head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"/> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> + <meta name="Date-Revision-yyyymmdd" content="20140918"/> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en"/> + <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> + + <title>Multiselect Interceptor</title> + + <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,400,600,700,400italic,600italic,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> + <link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.3/css/font-awesome.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/css/main.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/css/custom.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/highlighter/github-theme.css" rel="stylesheet"> + + <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.0/jquery.min.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/community.js"></script> +</head> +<body> + +<a href="http://github.com/apache/struts"; 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It checks each form parameter submitted to the action and if it finds one with a prefix of</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>__multiselect_ +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>it inserts a value for a parameter whose name is derived from the suffix to</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>__multiselect_ +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>if it does not exist. The default value inserted is an empty String array.</p> + +<p>This means that a a field that can have multiple selected values(select, checkboxlist, etc) can be accompanied by a hidden input with the same name but a prefix of</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>__multiselect_ +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>so that if the no value is selected on the form the action will still receive a value(empty collection) rather than the default HTML action of not providing a value for unselected elements,</p> + + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); + } +}(document, "script", "twitter-wjs");</script> +<script src="https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js"; async="async" defer="defer"></script> + +<div id="fb-root"></div> + +<script>(function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (d.getElementById(id)) return; + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_GB/all.js#xfbml=1"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); +}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> + + +<script> +$(function() { + return $("h2, h3, h4, h5, h6").each(function(i, el) { + var $el, id; + $el = $(el); + id = $el.attr('id'); + if (id) { + $el.removeAttr('id'); + return $el.before($("<a />").addClass('anchor').attr('name', id)); + } + }); +}); +</script> + +</body> +</html>
Added: websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/namespace-annotation.html ============================================================================== --- websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/namespace-annotation.html (added) +++ websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/namespace-annotation.html Thu Jun 1 11:35:58 2017 @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> +<head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"/> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> + <meta name="Date-Revision-yyyymmdd" content="20140918"/> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en"/> + <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> + + <title>Namespace Annotation</title> + + <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,400,600,700,400italic,600italic,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> + <link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.3/css/font-awesome.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link 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the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>Action +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>class rather than based on <a href="zero-configuration.html">Zero Configuration</a>âs conventions.</p> + +<p>#####Usage#####</p> + +<p>This annotation is placed at the class level.</p> + +<p>#####Parameters#####</p> + +<table> + <thead> + <tr> + <th>Name</th> + <th>Type</th> + <th>Required</th> + <th>Description</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>value</td> + <td>String</td> + <td>true</td> + <td>The namespace to use for the annotated action class.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); + } +}(document, "script", "twitter-wjs");</script> +<script src="https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js"; async="async" defer="defer"></script> + +<div id="fb-root"></div> + +<script>(function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (d.getElementById(id)) return; + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_GB/all.js#xfbml=1"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); +}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> + + +<script> +$(function() { + return $("h2, h3, h4, h5, h6").each(function(i, el) { + var $el, id; + $el = $(el); + id = $el.attr('id'); + if (id) { + $el.removeAttr('id'); + return $el.before($("<a />").addClass('anchor').attr('name', id)); + } + }); +}); +</script> + +</body> +</html> Added: websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/namespace-configuration.html ============================================================================== --- websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/namespace-configuration.html (added) +++ websites/production/struts/content/core-developers/namespace-configuration.html Thu Jun 1 11:35:58 2017 @@ -0,0 +1,347 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> +<head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"/> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> + <meta name="Date-Revision-yyyymmdd" content="20140918"/> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en"/> + <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> + + <title>Namespace Configuration</title> + + <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,400,600,700,400italic,600italic,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> + <link href="//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.0.3/css/font-awesome.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/css/main.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/css/custom.css" rel="stylesheet"> + <link href="/highlighter/github-theme.css" rel="stylesheet"> + + <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.0/jquery.min.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/community.js"></script> +</head> +<body> + +<a href="http://github.com/apache/struts"; class="github-ribbon"> + <img style="position: absolute; right: 0; border: 0;" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/github/ribbons/forkme_right_red_aa0000.png"; alt="Fork me on GitHub"> +</a> + +<header> + <nav> + <div role="navigation" class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top"> + <div class="container"> + <div class="navbar-header"> + <button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#struts-menu" class="navbar-toggle"> + Menu + <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> + <span class="icon-bar"></span> + <span class="icon-bar"></span> + <span class="icon-bar"></span> + </button> + <a href="/index.html" class="navbar-brand logo"><img src="/img/struts-logo.svg"></a> + </div> + <div id="struts-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse"> + <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> + <li class="dropdown"> + <a data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" class="dropdown-toggle"> + Home<b class="caret"></b> + </a> + <ul class="dropdown-menu"> + <li><a href="/index.html">Welcome</a></li> + <li><a href="/downloads.html">Downloads</a></li> + <li><a href="/announce.html">Announcements</a></li> + <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/";>License</a></li> + <li><a href="http://apache.org/foundation/thanks.html";>Thanks!</a></li> + <li><a href="http://apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html";>Sponsorship</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class="dropdown"> + <a data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" class="dropdown-toggle"> 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href="/getting-started/">Getting Started</a></li> + <li><a href="/docs/tutorials.html">Tutorials</a></li> + <li><a href="/docs/faqs.html">FAQs</a></li> + <li><a href="/docs/guides.html">Guides</a></li> + <li class="divider"></li> + <li><a href="/maven/struts2-core/apidocs/index.html">Struts Core API</a></li> + <li><a href="/docs/plugins.html">Plugin APIs</a></li> + <li><a href="/docs/tag-reference.html">Tag reference</a></li> + <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/S2PLUGINS/home.html";>Plugin registry</a></li> + <li class="divider"></li> + <li><a href="/security/">Security Guide (WIP)</a></li> + <li><a href="/core-developers/">Core Developers Guide (WIP)</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class="dropdown"> + <a data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" class="dropdown-toggle"> + Contributing<b class="caret"></b> + </a> + <ul class="dropdown-menu"> + <li><a href="/youatstruts.html">You at Struts</a></li> + <li><a href="/helping.html">How to Help FAQ</a></li> + <li><a href="/dev-mail.html">Development Lists</a></li> + <li class="divider"></li> + <li><a href="/submitting-patches.html">Submitting patches</a></li> + <li><a href="/builds.html">Source Code</a></li> + <li><a href="/coding-standards.html">Coding standards</a></li> + <li class="divider"></li> + <li><a href="/releases.html">Release Guidelines</a></li> + <li><a href="/bylaws.html">PMC Charter</a></li> + <li><a href="/volunteers.html">Volunteers</a></li> + <li><a href="https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf?p=struts.git";>Source Repository</a></li> + </ul> + </li> + <li class="apache"><a href="http://www.apache.org/";><img src="/img/apache.png"></a></li> + </ul> + </div> + </div> + </div> + </nav> +</header> + + +<article class="container"> + <section class="col-md-12"> + <a href="index.html" title="back to Core Developers Guide"><< back to Core Developers Guide</a> + <h1 id="namespace-configuration">Namespace Configuration</h1> + +<p>The namespace attribute subdivides action configurations into logical modules, each with its own identifying prefix. Namespaces avoid conflicts between action names. Each namespace can have its own âmenuâ or âhelpâ action, each with its own implementation. While the prefix appears in the browser URI, the tags are ânamespace awareâ, so the namespace prefix does not need to be embedded in forms and links.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>Struts 2 Namespaces are the equivalent of Struts Action 1 modules, but more convenient and flexible.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>#####Default Namespace#####</p> + +<p>The default namespace is</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>"" +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>- an empty string. The default namespace is used as a âcatch-allâ namespace. If an action configuration is not found in a specified namespace, the default namespace is also be searched. The local/global strategy allows an application to have global action configurations outside of the action element âextendsâ hierarchy.</p> + +<p>The namespace prefix can be registered with Java declarative security, to ensure only authorized users can access the actions in a given namespace.</p> + +<p>#####Root Namespace#####</p> + +<p>A root namespace (â/â) is also supported. The root is the namespace when a request directly under the context path is received. As with other namespaces, it will fall back to the default (ââ) namespace if a local action is not found.</p> + +<p>#####Namespace Example#####</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> +<package name="default"> + <action name="foo" class="mypackage.simpleAction"> + <result name="success" type="dispatcher">greeting.jsp</result> + </action> + + <action name="bar" class="mypackage.simpleAction"> + <result name="success" type="dispatcher">bar1.jsp</result> + </action> +</package> + +<package name="mypackage1" namespace="/"> + <action name="moo" class="mypackage.simpleAction"> + <result name="success" type="dispatcher">moo.jsp</result> + </action> +</package> + +<package name="mypackage2" namespace="/barspace"> + <action name="bar" class="mypackage.simpleAction"> + <result name="success" type="dispatcher">bar2.jsp</result> + </action> +</package> + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####How the Code Works#####</p> + +<p>If a request for</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>/barspace/bar.action +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>is made, the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>/barspace +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>namespace is searched for the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>bar +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>action. If found, the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>bar +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>action is executed, else it will fall back to the default namespace. In the Namespace Example, the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>bar +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>action does exist in the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>/barspace +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>namespace, so the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>bar +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>action will be executed, and if âsuccessâ is returned, the request will be forwarded to</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>bar2.jsp +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>If a request is made to /barspace/foo.action, the namespace /barspace will be checked for action foo. If a local action is not found, the default namespace is checked. In the Namespace Example, there is no action foo in the namespace /barspace, therefore the default will be checked and /foo.action will be executed.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>In the Namespace Example, if a request for</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>moo.action +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>is made, the root namespace (â/â) is searched for a</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>moo +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>action; if a root action is not found, the default namespace is checked. In this case, the</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>moo +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>action does exist and will be executed. Upon success, the request would be forwarded to</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>bar2.jsp +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>If a request is made for /foo.action, the root / namespace will be checked. If foo is found, the root action will be selected. Otherwise, the framework will check the default namespace. In the Namespace Example, the foo action does not exist in the root namespace, so the default namespace is checked, and the default foo action is executed.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>Namespace are not hierarchical like a file system path. There is one namespace level. For example if the URL /barspace/myspace/bar.action is requested, the framework will first look for namespace /barspace/myspace. If the action does not exist at /barspace/myspace, the search will immediately fall back to the default namespace ââ. The framework will not parse the namespace into a series of âfoldersâ. In the Namespace Example, the bar action in the default namespace would be selected.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); + } +}(document, "script", "twitter-wjs");</script> +<script 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src="/img/apache.png"></a></li> + </ul> + </div> + </div> + </div> + </nav> +</header> + + +<article class="container"> + <section class="col-md-12"> + <a href="index.html" title="back to Core Developers Guide"><< back to Core Developers Guide</a> + <h1 id="nutshell">Nutshell</h1> + +<p>The framework documentation is written for active web developers and assumes a working knowledge about how Java web applications are built. For more about the underlying nuts and bolts, see the <a href="http://struts\.apache\.org/primer\.html";>Key Technologies Primer</a>^[http://struts.apache.org/primer.html].</p> + +<blockquote> + +</blockquote> + +<p>####Apache Struts 2 Architecture in a Nutshell####</p> + +<p><img src="attachments/struts2-arch.png" alt="struts2-arch.png" /></p> + +<ol> + <li>The web browser requests a resource (/mypage.action, /reports/myreport.pdf, et cetera)\</li> + <li>The Filter Dispatcher looks at the request and determines the appropriate Action\</li> + <li>The Interceptors automatically apply common functionality to the request, like workflow, validation, and file upload handling\</li> + <li>The Action method executes, usually storing and/or retrieving information from a database\</li> + <li>The Result renders the output to the browser, be it HTML, images, PDF, or something else\</li> +</ol> + +<p>| +|ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ|ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ� �ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ-|</p> + +<p>####Struts Tags in a nutshell####</p> + +<p>The Struts Tags help you create rich web applications with a minimum of coding. Often, much of the coding effort in a web application goes into the pages. The Struts Tags reduce effort by reducing code.</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> +<% User user = ... %> +<form action="Profile_update.action" method="post"> + <table> + <tr> + <td align="right"><label>First name:</label></td> + <td><input type="text" name="user.firstname" value="<%=user.getFirstname() %> /></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><input type="radio" name="user.gender" value="0" id="user.gender0" + <% if (user.getGender()==0) { %> checked="checked" %> } %> /> + <label for="user.gender0">Female</label> + </tr> + </table> +</form> +... + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>Looking over the markup, itâs easy to see why Java web development without the aid from a modern framework is hard! So far, weâve only coded two controls, and there are six more to go! Letâs rewrite and finish the form using Struts Tags.</p> + +<p>|\ +\ +<img src="/Users/lukaszlenart/Projects/Apache/struts\-site/target/md/attachments/att1846\_nutshell\.GIF" alt="nutshell.GIF" /> +|\ +<s:actionerror/>\ +<s:form action=âProfile_updateâ validate=âtrueâ>\ + <s:textfield label=âUsernameâ name=âusernameâ/>\ + <s:password label=âPasswordâ name=âpasswordâ/>\ + <s:password label=â(Repeat) Passwordâ name=âpassword2â/>\ + <s:textfield label=âFull Nameâ name=âfullNameâ/>\ + <s:textfield label=âFrom Addressâ name=âfromAddressâ/>\ + <s:textfield label=âReply To Addressâ name=âreplyToAddressâ/>\ + <s:submit value=âSaveâ name=âSaveâ/>\ + <s:submit action=âRegister_cancelâ value=âCancelâ name=âCancelâ onclick=âform.onsubmit=nullâ/>\ +</s:form>\ + The Struts Tags also support validation and localization as first-class features. So not only is there less code, but there is <em>more</em> utility. \ +In about the same amount of code as two conventional controls, the Struts Tags can create an entire data-input form with eight controls. Not only is there less code, but the code is easier to read and maintain. | +|âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ|âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ� �ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ âââââââââââââââââââââââââââ-|</p> + +<p>####Struts Configuration in a Nutshell####</p> + +<p>A web application uses a deployment descriptor to initialize resources like filters and listeners. The web deployment descriptor is formatted as a XML document and named</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>web.xml +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>. Struts can either initialize its resources by scanning your classes using Java packages declared in this</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>web.xml +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>file, or you can have full control over the configuration via a configuration file, named</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>struts.xml +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>. These resources include action mappings, to direct input to server-side Action classes, and result types, to select output pages.</p> + +<p>Hereâs a typical configuration (</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>struts.xml +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>) for a login workflow:</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> +<struts> + <package name="default" extends="struts-default"> + <action name="Logon" class="mailreader2.Logon"> + <result name="input">/pages/Logon.jsp</result> + <result name="cancel" type="redirectAction">Welcome</result> + <result type="redirectAction">MainMenu</result> + <result name="expired" type="chain">ChangePassword</result> + </action> + + <action name="Logoff" class="mailreader2.Logoff"> + <result type="redirectAction">Welcome</result> + </action> + </package> +</struts> + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>(light-on) The framework provides general-purpose defaults, so we can start using Struts right away, âout of the boxâ. Any factory defaults can be overridden in an applicationâs configuration, as needed.</p> + +<p>####Struts MVC in a Nutshell####</p> + +<p>Struts is a <a href="http://struts\.apache\.org/primer\.html\#mvc";>Model View Controller</a>^[http://struts.apache.org/primer.html#mvc] framework. Struts provides Controller and View components, and integrates with other technologies to provide the Model. The frameworkâs Controller acts as a bridge between the applicationâs Model and the web View.</p> + +<p>To make it easier to present dynamic data, the framework includes a library of markup tags. The tags interact with the frameworkâs validation and internationalization features, to ensure that input is correct and output is localized. The tag library can be used with JSP, FreeMarker, or Velocity. Of course, other tag libraries, JSTL, and AJAX can also be used, with or without the Struts tags. JavaServer Faces components are also supported.</p> + +<p>When a request is received, the Controller invokes an Action class. The Action class examines or updates the applicationâs state by consulting the Model (or, preferably, an interface representing the Model). To transfer data between the Model and the View, properties can be placed on the Action class, or on a plain old JavaBean.</p> + +<p>Most often, the Model is represented as a graph of JavaBean objects. The Model should do the âheavy liftingâ, and the Action will act as a âtraffic copâ or adapter. The framework provides sophisticated, automatic type conversion to simplify transfering data between rich domain objects and text-only HTTP requests.</p> + +<p>Struts is extensible. <em>Very</em> extensible. Every class deployed by the framework is based on an interface. We provide all the base classes an application may ever need, but if we missed something, itâs easy to add your own. We provide the general-purpose framework, but you can still write <em>your</em> application <em>your</em> way.</p> + +<p>####Is Struts the best choice for every project?####</p> + +<p>Apache Struts 2 helps you create an extensible development environment for enterprise-grade applications, based on industry standards and proven design patterns. If you need to write a very simple application, with a handful of pages, then you might consider a âModel 1â solution that uses only server pages.</p> + +<p>But, if you are writing a more complicated application, with dozens of pages, that need to be maintained over time, then Struts can help. For more about whether Model 1 or MVC/Model 2 is right for you, see <a href="http://www\.javaworld\.com/javaworld/jw\-12\-1999/jw\-12\-ssj\-jspmvc\.html";>Understanding JavaServer Pages Model 2 architecture</a>^[http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-1999/jw-12-ssj-jspmvc.html].</p> + +<p>####Platform Requirements####</p> + +<p>Struts 2 requires</p> + +<ul> + <li> + <p>Servlet API 2.4</p> + </li> + <li> + <p>JSP API 2.0</p> + </li> + <li> + <p>Java 5</p> + </li> +</ul> + +<p>For a full list of requirements, including dependencies used by optional plugins, see <a href="http://struts\.apache\.org/2\.x/struts2\-core/dependencies\.html";>Project Dependencies</a>^[http://struts.apache.org/2.x/struts2-core/dependencies.html]</p> + +<p>(ok) An alternate set of JARs for Java 4 are also available. See the âJ4â distribution.</p> + + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); + } +}(document, "script", "twitter-wjs");</script> +<script src="https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js"; async="async" defer="defer"></script> + +<div id="fb-root"></div> + +<script>(function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; 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The ObjectFactory provides the means of integrating the framework with IoC containers like Spring, Pico, Plexus, and so forth.</p> + +<p>####Customize####</p> + +<p>#####Extend ObjectFactory#####</p> + +<p>Customized ObjectFactory must extend ObjectFactory or any of its descendants and have a default, no-argument constructor.</p> + +<table> + <tbody> + <tr> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>To register a customized ObjectFactory, add or edit an entry in</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>struts.properties +</code></pre> +</div> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> struts.objectFactory=foo.bar.MyCustomObjectFactory + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>where foo.bar.MyCustomObjectFactory is the custom object factory.</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>public class MyObjectFactory extends ObjectFactory { + ..... +} + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p>#####Define dedicated factory#####</p> + +<p>If you want to just extend one part of ObjectFactory, ie. to change how <a href="result-types.html">Result Types</a> are build, you can implement</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ResultFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>interface and register it with dedicated name, see <em>Extension Points</em> for more details. Original ObjectFactory will use these dedicated factories to do the work. Itâs already done this way - the original functionality of ObjectFactory was extracted to separated classes which implements the interfaces below. Check the source of ObjectFactory to see more details. All these factories are available as from version 2.3.16.</p> + +<p>List of Factory interfaces:</p> + +<ul> + <li></li> +</ul> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ResultFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>- dedicated interfaces used by to create <a href="result-types.html">Result Types</a></p> + +<ul> + <li></li> +</ul> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>StrutsResultFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>itâs internal implementation which checks if Result implements</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ParamNameAwareResult +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>interface to restrict names of parameters set on the instance of Result, see <a href="result-types.html">Result Types</a> for more info.</p> + +<ul> + <li></li> +</ul> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ActionFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>- dedicated interface used by to actions</p> + +<ul> + <li></li> +</ul> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>InterceptorFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>- dedicated interface used by to create interceptors</p> + +<ul> + <li></li> +</ul> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ValidatorFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>- dedicated interface used by to create validators</p> + +<ul> + <li></li> +</ul> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>ConverterFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>- dedicated interface used by to create instances of <em>TypeConverter</em></p> + +<ul> + <li></li> +</ul> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>UnknownHandlerFactory +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>- dedicated interfaces used by  to create instances of <a href="unknown-handlers.html">Unknown Handlers</a> (as from version 2.3.18)</p> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; 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Conceptually, packages are similiar to objects in that they can be extended and have individual parts that can be overridden by âsubâ packages.</p> + +<p>#####Packages#####</p> + +<p>The package element has one required attribute,</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>name +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>, which acts as the key for later reference to the package. The</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>extends +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>attribute is optional and allows one package to inherit the configuration of one or more previous packages - including all interceptor, interceptor-stack, and action configurations.</p> + +<p>(!) Note that the configuration file is processed sequentially down the document, so the package referenced by an âextendsâ should be defined <em>above</em> the package which extends it.</p> + +<p>The optional</p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>abstract +</code></pre> +</div> +<p>attribute creates a base package that can omit the action configuration.</p> + +<table> + <thead> + <tr> + <th>Attribute</th> + <th>Required</th> + <th>Description</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>name</td> + <td><strong>yes</strong></td> + <td>key to for other packages to reference</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>extends</td> + <td>no</td> + <td>inherits package behavior of the package it extends</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>namespace</td> + <td>no</td> + <td>see <a href="#PAGE_14276">Namespace Configuration</a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>abstract</td> + <td>no</td> + <td>declares package to be abstract (no action configurations required in package)</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p><strong>Simple usage</strong></p> + +<p><strong>Package Example (struts.xml)</strong></p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> +<struts> + <package name="employee" extends="struts-default" namespace="/employee"> + <default-interceptor-ref name="crudStack"/> + + <action name="list" method="list" + class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction" > + <result>/empmanager/listEmployees.jsp</result> + <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> + </action> + <action name="edit-*" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction"> + <param name="empId">{1}</param> + <result>/empmanager/editEmployee.jsp</result> + <interceptor-ref name="crudStack"> + <param name="validation.excludeMethods">execute</param> + </interceptor-ref> + </action> + <action name="save" method="save" + class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction" > + <result name="input">/empmanager/editEmployee.jsp</result> + <result type="redirect">edit-${currentEmployee.empId}.action</result> + </action> + <action name="delete" method="delete" + class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction" > + <result name="error">/empmanager/editEmployee.jsp</result> + <result type="redirect">edit-${currentEmployee.empId}.action</result> + </action> + </package> +</struts> + +</code></pre> +</div> + +<p><strong>Inherit from more than one package</strong></p> + +<p><strong>Multi package Example (struts.xml)</strong></p> + +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code> +<struts> + <package name="employee" extends="struts-default, json-default" namespace="/employee"> + + <action name="list" method="list" class="org.apache.struts2.showcase.action.EmployeeAction" > + <result>/empmanager/listEmployees.jsp</result> + <result type="json"> + <param name="root">employees</param> + </result> + </action> + + </package> +</struts> + +</code></pre> +</div> + + </section> +</article> + + +<footer class="container"> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Copyright © 2000-2016 <a href="http://www.apache.org/";>The Apache Software Foundation </a>. + All Rights Reserved. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12"> + Apache Struts, Struts, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache Struts project logos are + trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. + </div> + <div class="col-md-12">Logo and website design donated by <a href="https://softwaremill.com/";>SoftwareMill</a>.</div> +</footer> + +<script>!function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (!d.getElementById(id)) { + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); + } +}(document, "script", "twitter-wjs");</script> +<script src="https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js"; async="async" defer="defer"></script> + +<div id="fb-root"></div> + +<script>(function (d, s, id) { + var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; + if (d.getElementById(id)) return; + js = d.createElement(s); + js.id = id; + js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_GB/all.js#xfbml=1"; + fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); +}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> + + +<script> +$(function() { + return $("h2, h3, h4, h5, h6").each(function(i, el) { + var $el, id; + $el = $(el); + id = $el.attr('id'); + if (id) { + $el.removeAttr('id'); + return $el.before($("<a />").addClass('anchor').attr('name', id)); + } + }); +}); +</script> + +</body> +</html>
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