This is an automated email from the ASF dual-hosted git repository.
jmclean pushed a commit to branch develop
in repository https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/training.git
The following commit(s) were added to refs/heads/develop by this push:
new f852b54 added Incubator voting and consensus slide deck
f852b54 is described below
commit f852b54c14d66889e82108b4416a3592dc6740fd
Author: Justin Mclean <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Sun Oct 12 16:23:41 2025 +1100
added Incubator voting and consensus slide deck
---
.../.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties | 19 +
.../Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/Dockerfile | 81 ++++
.../Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/README.md | 57 +++
.../VotingAndConsensus/docker-compose.yaml | 31 ++
.../VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-centos.sh | 61 +++
.../VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-mac.sh | 52 +++
content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw | 259 +++++++++++++
.../Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw.cmd | 149 ++++++++
.../Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/pom.xml | 64 ++++
.../src/main/asciidoc/_settings.adoc | 36 ++
.../src/main/asciidoc/index.adoc | 332 +++++++++++++++++
.../main/java/org/apache/training/StringUtils.java | 27 ++
.../src/main/resources/apache.css | 408 +++++++++++++++++++++
content/Apache/Incubator/pom.xml | 1 +
site/pom.xml | 13 +
site/src/site/site.xml | 1 +
16 files changed, 1591 insertions(+)
diff --git
a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d58dfb7
--- /dev/null
+++
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+wrapperVersion=3.3.2
+distributionType=only-script
+distributionUrl=https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/apache-maven/3.9.9/apache-maven-3.9.9-bin.zip
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/Dockerfile
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95f8d06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+##########################################################################################
+# Build Apache Training
+##########################################################################################
+
+# Fixed version of this in order to have a fixed JDK version
+FROM azul/zulu-openjdk:21 as build
+
+# Install some stuff we need to run the build
+RUN apt update -y
+RUN apt install -y git graphviz wget bzip2 python3 python3-pip imagemagick
curl protobuf-compiler mc
+
+# Install the version 1.76.0 of the Rust toolchain
+RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y
--default-toolchain=1.76.0
+ENV PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
+# Install svgbob
+RUN cargo install svgbob_cli
+RUN cp /root/.cargo/bin/svgbob_cli /usr/local/bin
+
+# Forced version of pillow as with version 10 the build fails
+RUN python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools==57.5.0 seqdiag blockdiag
actdiag nwdiag convert racks opc-diag pillow==9.5.0
+
+#ENV CONDA_DIR /opt/conda
+#RUN wget
https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-aarch64.sh -O
/root/miniconda.sh
+#RUN sh /root/miniconda.sh -b -p $CONDA_DIR
+#ENV PATH=$CONDA_DIR/bin:$PATH
+#RUN conda update -y conda
+#RUN rm /root/miniconda.sh
+#RUN wget --quiet
https://github.com/conda-forge/miniforge/releases/latest/download/Miniforge3-MacOSX-arm64.sh
-O /root/miniconda.sh && sh /root/miniconda.sh -b -p /opt/conda
+#ENV PATH=$CONDA_DIR/bin:$PATH
+
+# Install vg2svg for rendering vega diagrams
+# NOTE: Installing vega-cli doesn't seem to work as dependencies are not
available for arm64 (silicon)
+ENV NODE_VERSION=18.20.4
+RUN curl --silent -o-
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.1/install.sh | bash
+RUN /root/.nvm/install.sh
+ENV PATH=/root/.nvm/versions/node/v$NODE_VERSION/bin:$PATH
+#RUN npm install --no-audit vega
+
+#RUN wget
https://bitbucket.org/ariya/phantomjs/downloads/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
+#RUN bunzip2 phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
+#RUN tar -xvf phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar
+
+# Install ERD
+RUN apt install -y golang
+ENV PATH=/root/go/bin:$PATH
+RUN go install github.com/kaishuu0123/[email protected]
+
+# Install Syntrax
+# https://kevinpt.github.io/syntrax/
+# Problem is, that newer versions of python don't have use_2to3
+#RUN apt install -y libcairo2-dev pkg-config python3-dev python3-gi
python3-gi-cairo gir1.2-gtk-4.0
+RUN apt install -y libcairo2-dev pkg-config python3-dev python3-gi
gir1.2-gtk-4.0
+RUN python3 -m pip install --upgrade pycairo pango syntrax
+# For some reason, if we install this before the python stuff, it doesn't work
+RUN apt install -y python3-gi-cairo
+
+# Install Mermaid
+# Mermaid seems to have issues with Apple Silicon
+#RUN apt install -y nodejs npm
+RUN npm install -g @mermaid-js/mermaid-cli
+
+# Required for running on Windows systems
+RUN apt install -y dos2unix
+
+# Change the working directory (where commands are executed) into the new "ws"
directory
+WORKDIR /ws
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/README.md
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf2dfe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<!--
+
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+
+-->
+
+# Presentation with Reveal.JS and AsciiDoctor
+
+Remarks:
+- In order to use the preview of the IntelliJ asciidoctor plugin, you need to
set an attribute in the plugin settings: `imagesdir` = `../resources/images`
+- Any css adjustments can go to `src/main/theme/apache.css` as this is
automatically embedded into the themes directory.
+
+## Building the presentation
+
+Apache Training makes use of several tools in order to compile the
presentations.
+The probably simplest way to build the project is using Docker, as we provide
the Dockerfile for installing all prerequisites.
+```
+docker compose up
+```
+This should produce compiled versions of all presentations in your local
working copy.
+
+If you want to build the presentation on your local system the following
command should do.
+However, if you are missing prerequisites, then this build will most probably
fail.
+
+By running the following command, you can generate the presentation:
+```
+mvn package
+```
+## Running the presentation
+
+In order to show the presentation, go into the `target` directory and look for
a directory named {artifactId}-{version}.
+This direcotry contains an `index.html` file.
+
+Simply open this in any browser of your choice.
+
+## Generating PDF versions
+
+In order to generate a PDF version of the presentation just add `?print-pdf`
to the url. (Keep in mind, that you have to add it before any `#blahblah`)
+
+The following link should do the trick:
+```
+http:///{someFilePath}/?print-pdf
+```
+As soon as that's loaded, the presentation will look a bit odd. Now just use
the normal `print` functionality of the browser and select `print as PDF`.
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/docker-compose.yaml
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/docker-compose.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c33a0a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/docker-compose.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
+
+version: "3.8"
+services:
+ builder:
+ build:
+ context: .
+ dockerfile: Dockerfile
+ command: ["/ws/mvnw", "-e", "-Dmaven.repo.local=/ws/out/.repository",
"clean", "install"]
+ volumes:
+ # Bind the local directory as "/ws"
+ - type: bind
+ source: .
+ target: /ws
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-centos.sh
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-centos.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b83d36d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-centos.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+############# install necessary packages
+yum install -y git graphviz maven nodejs wget bzip2 python36 python36-pip
pygobject3 cargo
+
+#############
+python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools seqdiag blockdiag actdiag
nwdiag convert syntrax racks opc-diag
+npm install vega pango
+
+############# install stack
+wget -qO- https://get.haskellstack.org/ | sh
+
+############# install PhantomJS
+wget
https://bitbucket.org/ariya/phantomjs/downloads/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
+bunzip2 phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
+tar -xvf phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar
+
+############# install ERD
+cd libs
+mkdir third-party
+cd third-party
+git clone https://github.com/BurntSushi/erd.git
+cd erd
+stack install
+read -p "Add stack ($HOME/.local/bin) to PATH ($PATH) ? (y/n)" -n 1 -r YES_NO
+if [ $YES_NO = "y" ]; then
+ echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin' >> ~/.bash_profile
+ . ~/.bash_profile
+fi
+
+############# install SVGBob
+cargo install svgbob_cli
+read -p "Add cargo ($HOME/.cargo/bin) to PATH ($PATH) ? (y/n)" -n 1 -r YES_NO
+if [ $YES_NO = "y" ]; then
+ echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.cargo/bin' >> ~/.bash_profile
+ . ~/.bash_profile
+fi
+
+#############
+cd ../../..
+mvn jetty:run-exploded
+
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-mac.sh
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-mac.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25d677a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/install-deps-mac.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+cd libs
+mkdir third-party
+cd third-party
+
+# Install ERD
+git clone git://github.com/BurntSushi/erd
+cd erd
+stack init
+stack build --system-ghc
+cd ..
+
+# Install Mermaid
+npm install mermaid.cli
+
+# Install PhantomJS
+wget https://bitbucket.org/ariya/phantomjs/downloads/phantomjs-2.1.1-macosx.zip
+unzip phantomjs-2.1.1-macosx.zip
+
+# SVGBob
+cargo install svgbob_cli --path ./svgbob
+
+# Syntrax
+pip install --upgrade syntrax
+pip install pycairo
+brew install pygobject3
+
+# Vega
+npm install vega
+
+# ImageMagic
+#wget
https://imagemagick.org/download/binaries/ImageMagick-x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0.tar.gz
+#tar xvzf ImageMagick-x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0.tar.gz
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..19529dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.2
+#
+# Optional ENV vars
+# -----------------
+# JAVA_HOME - location of a JDK home dir, required when download maven via
java source
+# MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+# MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+# MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; debug: trace the mvnw script;
others: silence the output
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+set -euf
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != debug ] || set -x
+
+# OS specific support.
+native_path() { printf %s\\n "$1"; }
+case "$(uname)" in
+CYGWIN* | MINGW*)
+ [ -z "${JAVA_HOME-}" ] || JAVA_HOME="$(cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME")"
+ native_path() { cygpath --path --windows "$1"; }
+ ;;
+esac
+
+# set JAVACMD and JAVACCMD
+set_java_home() {
+ # For Cygwin and MinGW, ensure paths are in Unix format before anything is
touched
+ if [ -n "${JAVA_HOME-}" ]; then
+ if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ]; then
+ # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
+ JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java"
+ JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/javac"
+ else
+ JAVACMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
+ JAVACCMD="$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac"
+
+ if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] || [ ! -x "$JAVACCMD" ]; then
+ echo "The JAVA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly, so
mvnw cannot run." >&2
+ echo "JAVA_HOME is set to \"$JAVA_HOME\", but \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/java\"
or \"\$JAVA_HOME/bin/javac\" does not exist." >&2
+ return 1
+ fi
+ fi
+ else
+ JAVACMD="$(
+ 'set' +e
+ 'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+ 'command' -v java
+ )" || :
+ JAVACCMD="$(
+ 'set' +e
+ 'unset' -f command 2>/dev/null
+ 'command' -v javac
+ )" || :
+
+ if [ ! -x "${JAVACMD-}" ] || [ ! -x "${JAVACCMD-}" ]; then
+ echo "The java/javac command does not exist in PATH nor is JAVA_HOME
set, so mvnw cannot run." >&2
+ return 1
+ fi
+ fi
+}
+
+# hash string like Java String::hashCode
+hash_string() {
+ str="${1:-}" h=0
+ while [ -n "$str" ]; do
+ char="${str%"${str#?}"}"
+ h=$(((h * 31 + $(LC_CTYPE=C printf %d "'$char")) % 4294967296))
+ str="${str#?}"
+ done
+ printf %x\\n $h
+}
+
+verbose() { :; }
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || verbose() { printf %s\\n "${1-}"; }
+
+die() {
+ printf %s\\n "$1" >&2
+ exit 1
+}
+
+trim() {
+ # MWRAPPER-139:
+ # Trims trailing and leading whitespace, carriage returns, tabs, and
linefeeds.
+ # Needed for removing poorly interpreted newline sequences when running in
more
+ # exotic environments such as mingw bash on Windows.
+ printf "%s" "${1}" | tr -d '[:space:]'
+}
+
+# parse distributionUrl and optional distributionSha256Sum, requires
.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+while IFS="=" read -r key value; do
+ case "${key-}" in
+ distributionUrl) distributionUrl=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+ distributionSha256Sum) distributionSha256Sum=$(trim "${value-}") ;;
+ esac
+done <"${0%/*}/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+[ -n "${distributionUrl-}" ] || die "cannot read distributionUrl property in
${0%/*}/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+
+case "${distributionUrl##*/}" in
+maven-mvnd-*bin.*)
+ MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/
+ case "${PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE-}${PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432-}:$(uname -a)" in
+ *AMD64:CYGWIN* | *AMD64:MINGW*) distributionPlatform=windows-amd64 ;;
+ :Darwin*x86_64) distributionPlatform=darwin-amd64 ;;
+ :Darwin*arm64) distributionPlatform=darwin-aarch64 ;;
+ :Linux*x86_64*) distributionPlatform=linux-amd64 ;;
+ *)
+ echo "Cannot detect native platform for mvnd on $(uname)-$(uname -m), use
pure java version" >&2
+ distributionPlatform=linux-amd64
+ ;;
+ esac
+ distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%-bin.*}-$distributionPlatform.zip"
+ ;;
+maven-mvnd-*) MVN_CMD=mvnd.sh _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/maven/mvnd/ ;;
+*) MVN_CMD="mvn${0##*/mvnw}" _MVNW_REPO_PATTERN=/org/apache/maven/ ;;
+esac
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern:
~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+[ -z "${MVNW_REPOURL-}" ] ||
distributionUrl="$MVNW_REPOURL$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN${distributionUrl#*"$_MVNW_REPO_PATTERN"}"
+distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlName%.*}"
+distributionUrlNameMain="${distributionUrlNameMain%-bin}"
+MAVEN_USER_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME:-${HOME}/.m2}"
+MAVEN_HOME="${MAVEN_USER_HOME}/wrapper/dists/${distributionUrlNameMain-}/$(hash_string
"$distributionUrl")"
+
+exec_maven() {
+ unset MVNW_VERBOSE MVNW_USERNAME MVNW_PASSWORD MVNW_REPOURL || :
+ exec "$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD" "$@" || die "cannot exec
$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+}
+
+if [ -d "$MAVEN_HOME" ]; then
+ verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+ exec_maven "$@"
+fi
+
+case "${distributionUrl-}" in
+*?-bin.zip | *?maven-mvnd-?*-?*.zip) ;;
+*) die "distributionUrl is not valid, must match *-bin.zip or
maven-mvnd-*.zip, but found '${distributionUrl-}'" ;;
+esac
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+if TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR="$(mktemp -d)" && [ -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" ]; then
+ clean() { rm -rf -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR"; }
+ trap clean HUP INT TERM EXIT
+else
+ die "cannot create temp dir"
+fi
+
+mkdir -p -- "${MAVEN_HOME%/*}"
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+# select .zip or .tar.gz
+if ! command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+ distributionUrl="${distributionUrl%.zip}.tar.gz"
+ distributionUrlName="${distributionUrl##*/}"
+fi
+
+# verbose opt
+__MVNW_QUIET_WGET=--quiet __MVNW_QUIET_CURL=--silent __MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP=-q
__MVNW_QUIET_TAR=''
+[ "${MVNW_VERBOSE-}" != true ] || __MVNW_QUIET_WGET='' __MVNW_QUIET_CURL=''
__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP='' __MVNW_QUIET_TAR=v
+
+# normalize http auth
+case "${MVNW_PASSWORD:+has-password}" in
+'') MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD='' ;;
+has-password) [ -n "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] || MVNW_USERNAME='' MVNW_PASSWORD=''
;;
+esac
+
+if [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v wget >/dev/null; then
+ verbose "Found wget ... using wget"
+ wget ${__MVNW_QUIET_WGET:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_WGET"} "$distributionUrl" -O
"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" || die "wget: Failed to fetch
$distributionUrl"
+elif [ -z "${MVNW_USERNAME-}" ] && command -v curl >/dev/null; then
+ verbose "Found curl ... using curl"
+ curl ${__MVNW_QUIET_CURL:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_CURL"} -f -L -o
"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" "$distributionUrl" || die "curl:
Failed to fetch $distributionUrl"
+elif set_java_home; then
+ verbose "Falling back to use Java to download"
+ javaSource="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/Downloader.java"
+ targetZip="$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+ cat >"$javaSource" <<-END
+ public class Downloader extends java.net.Authenticator
+ {
+ protected java.net.PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
+ {
+ return new java.net.PasswordAuthentication( System.getenv(
"MVNW_USERNAME" ), System.getenv( "MVNW_PASSWORD" ).toCharArray() );
+ }
+ public static void main( String[] args ) throws Exception
+ {
+ setDefault( new Downloader() );
+ java.nio.file.Files.copy( java.net.URI.create( args[0]
).toURL().openStream(), java.nio.file.Paths.get( args[1]
).toAbsolutePath().normalize() );
+ }
+ }
+ END
+ # For Cygwin/MinGW, switch paths to Windows format before running javac and
java
+ verbose " - Compiling Downloader.java ..."
+ "$(native_path "$JAVACCMD")" "$(native_path "$javaSource")" || die "Failed
to compile Downloader.java"
+ verbose " - Running Downloader.java ..."
+ "$(native_path "$JAVACMD")" -cp "$(native_path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR")"
Downloader "$distributionUrl" "$(native_path "$targetZip")"
+fi
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+if [ -n "${distributionSha256Sum-}" ]; then
+ distributionSha256Result=false
+ if [ "$MVN_CMD" = mvnd.sh ]; then
+ echo "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd." >&2
+ echo "Please disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from
your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+ exit 1
+ elif command -v sha256sum >/dev/null; then
+ if echo "$distributionSha256Sum $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" |
sha256sum -c >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+ distributionSha256Result=true
+ fi
+ elif command -v shasum >/dev/null; then
+ if echo "$distributionSha256Sum $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" |
shasum -a 256 -c >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+ distributionSha256Result=true
+ fi
+ else
+ echo "Checksum validation was requested but neither 'sha256sum' or
'shasum' are available." >&2
+ echo "Please install either command, or disable validation by removing
'distributionSha256Sum' from your maven-wrapper.properties." >&2
+ exit 1
+ fi
+ if [ $distributionSha256Result = false ]; then
+ echo "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your Maven
distribution might be compromised." >&2
+ echo "If you updated your Maven version, you need to update the specified
distributionSha256Sum property." >&2
+ exit 1
+ fi
+fi
+
+# unzip and move
+if command -v unzip >/dev/null; then
+ unzip ${__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_UNZIP"}
"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -d "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed
to unzip"
+else
+ tar xzf${__MVNW_QUIET_TAR:+"$__MVNW_QUIET_TAR"}
"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -C "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" || die "failed
to untar"
+fi
+printf %s\\n "$distributionUrl"
>"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain/mvnw.url"
+mv -- "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain" "$MAVEN_HOME" || [ -d
"$MAVEN_HOME" ] || die "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+
+clean || :
+exec_maven "$@"
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw.cmd
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..249bdf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/mvnw.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+<# : batch portion
+@REM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+@REM or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+@REM distributed with this work for additional information
+@REM regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+@REM to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+@REM "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+@REM with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+@REM
+@REM http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+@REM
+@REM Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+@REM software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+@REM "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+@REM KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+@REM specific language governing permissions and limitations
+@REM under the License.
+@REM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@REM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+@REM Apache Maven Wrapper startup batch script, version 3.3.2
+@REM
+@REM Optional ENV vars
+@REM MVNW_REPOURL - repo url base for downloading maven distribution
+@REM MVNW_USERNAME/MVNW_PASSWORD - user and password for downloading maven
+@REM MVNW_VERBOSE - true: enable verbose log; others: silence the output
+@REM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@IF "%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%"=="" (SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=%~nx0)
+@SET __MVNW_CMD__=
+@SET __MVNW_ERROR__=
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=%PSModulePath%
+@SET PSModulePath=
+@FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1* delims==" %%A IN (`powershell -noprofile "&
{$scriptDir='%~dp0'; $script='%__MVNW_ARG0_NAME__%'; icm -ScriptBlock
([Scriptblock]::Create((Get-Content -Raw '%~f0'))) -NoNewScope}"`) DO @(
+ IF "%%A"=="MVN_CMD" (set __MVNW_CMD__=%%B) ELSE IF "%%B"=="" (echo %%A) ELSE
(echo %%A=%%B)
+)
+@SET PSModulePath=%__MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE%
+@SET __MVNW_PSMODULEP_SAVE=
+@SET __MVNW_ARG0_NAME__=
+@SET MVNW_USERNAME=
+@SET MVNW_PASSWORD=
+@IF NOT "%__MVNW_CMD__%"=="" (%__MVNW_CMD__% %*)
+@echo Cannot start maven from wrapper >&2 && exit /b 1
+@GOTO :EOF
+: end batch / begin powershell #>
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+if ($env:MVNW_VERBOSE -eq "true") {
+ $VerbosePreference = "Continue"
+}
+
+# calculate distributionUrl, requires .mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties
+$distributionUrl = (Get-Content -Raw
"$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" |
ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionUrl
+if (!$distributionUrl) {
+ Write-Error "cannot read distributionUrl property in
$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties"
+}
+
+switch -wildcard -casesensitive ( $($distributionUrl -replace '^.*/','') ) {
+ "maven-mvnd-*" {
+ $USE_MVND = $true
+ $distributionUrl = $distributionUrl -replace
'-bin\.[^.]*$',"-windows-amd64.zip"
+ $MVN_CMD = "mvnd.cmd"
+ break
+ }
+ default {
+ $USE_MVND = $false
+ $MVN_CMD = $script -replace '^mvnw','mvn'
+ break
+ }
+}
+
+# apply MVNW_REPOURL and calculate MAVEN_HOME
+# maven home pattern:
~/.m2/wrapper/dists/{apache-maven-<version>,maven-mvnd-<version>-<platform>}/<hash>
+if ($env:MVNW_REPOURL) {
+ $MVNW_REPO_PATTERN = if ($USE_MVND) { "/org/apache/maven/" } else {
"/maven/mvnd/" }
+ $distributionUrl = "$env:MVNW_REPOURL$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN$($distributionUrl
-replace '^.*'+$MVNW_REPO_PATTERN,'')"
+}
+$distributionUrlName = $distributionUrl -replace '^.*/',''
+$distributionUrlNameMain = $distributionUrlName -replace '\.[^.]*$',''
-replace '-bin$',''
+$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT = "$HOME/.m2/wrapper/dists/$distributionUrlNameMain"
+if ($env:MAVEN_USER_HOME) {
+ $MAVEN_HOME_PARENT =
"$env:MAVEN_USER_HOME/wrapper/dists/$distributionUrlNameMain"
+}
+$MAVEN_HOME_NAME =
([System.Security.Cryptography.MD5]::Create().ComputeHash([byte[]][char[]]$distributionUrl)
| ForEach-Object {$_.ToString("x2")}) -join ''
+$MAVEN_HOME = "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME"
+
+if (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container) {
+ Write-Verbose "found existing MAVEN_HOME at $MAVEN_HOME"
+ Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
+ exit $?
+}
+
+if (! $distributionUrlNameMain -or ($distributionUrlName -eq
$distributionUrlNameMain)) {
+ Write-Error "distributionUrl is not valid, must end with *-bin.zip, but
found $distributionUrl"
+}
+
+# prepare tmp dir
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER = New-TemporaryFile
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR = New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path
"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.dir"
+$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR_HOLDER.Delete() | Out-Null
+trap {
+ if ($TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR.Exists) {
+ try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+ catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+ }
+}
+
+New-Item -Itemtype Directory -Path "$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT" -Force | Out-Null
+
+# Download and Install Apache Maven
+Write-Verbose "Couldn't find MAVEN_HOME, downloading and installing it ..."
+Write-Verbose "Downloading from: $distributionUrl"
+Write-Verbose "Downloading to: $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName"
+
+$webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
+if ($env:MVNW_USERNAME -and $env:MVNW_PASSWORD) {
+ $webclient.Credentials = New-Object
System.Net.NetworkCredential($env:MVNW_USERNAME, $env:MVNW_PASSWORD)
+}
+[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+$webclient.DownloadFile($distributionUrl,
"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName") | Out-Null
+
+# If specified, validate the SHA-256 sum of the Maven distribution zip file
+$distributionSha256Sum = (Get-Content -Raw
"$scriptDir/.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties" |
ConvertFrom-StringData).distributionSha256Sum
+if ($distributionSha256Sum) {
+ if ($USE_MVND) {
+ Write-Error "Checksum validation is not supported for maven-mvnd. `nPlease
disable validation by removing 'distributionSha256Sum' from your
maven-wrapper.properties."
+ }
+ Import-Module $PSHOME\Modules\Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility -Function
Get-FileHash
+ if ((Get-FileHash "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -Algorithm
SHA256).Hash.ToLower() -ne $distributionSha256Sum) {
+ Write-Error "Error: Failed to validate Maven distribution SHA-256, your
Maven distribution might be compromised. If you updated your Maven version, you
need to update the specified distributionSha256Sum property."
+ }
+}
+
+# unzip and move
+Expand-Archive "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlName" -DestinationPath
"$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" | Out-Null
+Rename-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$distributionUrlNameMain" -NewName
$MAVEN_HOME_NAME | Out-Null
+try {
+ Move-Item -Path "$TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR/$MAVEN_HOME_NAME" -Destination
$MAVEN_HOME_PARENT | Out-Null
+} catch {
+ if (! (Test-Path -Path "$MAVEN_HOME" -PathType Container)) {
+ Write-Error "fail to move MAVEN_HOME"
+ }
+} finally {
+ try { Remove-Item $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR -Recurse -Force | Out-Null }
+ catch { Write-Warning "Cannot remove $TMP_DOWNLOAD_DIR" }
+}
+
+Write-Output "MVN_CMD=$MAVEN_HOME/bin/$MVN_CMD"
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/pom.xml
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf68509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+
+--><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0";
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance";
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd";>
+ <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+ <parent>
+ <groupId>org.apache.training</groupId>
+ <artifactId>content-parent-pom</artifactId>
+ <version>1.4.0</version>
+
<relativePath>../../../../tools/content-parent-pom/pom.xml</relativePath>
+ </parent>
+
+ <artifactId>incubator-voting-and-consensus</artifactId>
+ <groupId>org.apache.training.content</groupId>
+ <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ <packaging>war</packaging>
+
+ <name>Training: Content: Incubator: Voting And Consensus</name>
+
+ <!-- Make Snapshots of Apache projects available -->
+ <repositories>
+ <repository>
+ <id>apache-snapshots</id>
+
<url>https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
+ <releases>
+ <enabled>false</enabled>
+ </releases>
+ <snapshots>
+ <enabled>true</enabled>
+ </snapshots>
+ </repository>
+ </repositories>
+
+ <!-- Make Snapshots of Apache plugins available -->
+ <pluginRepositories>
+ <pluginRepository>
+ <id>apache-snapshots</id>
+
<url>https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
+ <releases>
+ <enabled>false</enabled>
+ </releases>
+ <snapshots>
+ <enabled>true</enabled>
+ </snapshots>
+ </pluginRepository>
+ </pluginRepositories>
+
+</project>
diff --git
a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/asciidoc/_settings.adoc
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/asciidoc/_settings.adoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..242a08b
--- /dev/null
+++
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/asciidoc/_settings.adoc
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+////
+
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+
+////
+
+:goto:
+:menu:
+:navigation:
+:status:
+:arrows:
+:revealjs_theme: cc_black
+:revealjs_progress: true
+:revealjs_slidenumber: true
+:pdf-page-size: A4
+:revealjs_center: false
+:revealjs_history: true
+:icons: font
+:imagesdir: images
+:sourcedir: ../java
+:title-slide-background-image: background-dark-orig.jpg
+:idprefix:
+:idseparator: -
diff --git
a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/asciidoc/index.adoc
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/asciidoc/index.adoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf4316e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/asciidoc/index.adoc
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+////
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ limitations under the License.
+////
+
+:revealjs_theme: white
+:revealjs_slideNumber: false
+:revealjs_progress: false
+:revealjs_center: false
+:revealjs_controls: false
+:revealjs_history: true
+:revealjs_transition: fade
+:icons: font
+:sectanchors:
+:customcss: apache.css
+
+[.title-slide]
+== Voting and Consensus in Practice
+_Turning Discussion into Transparent Decisions_
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Introduce this session by explaining that decision-making at the ASF is not
about authority or majority rule, it’s about **building consensus**.
+Consensus is the foundation of how the ASF operates, both in top-level
projects and in podlings during incubation.
+Formal votes are only one way of confirming that consensus has been reached,
they’re not where it starts.
+
+This presentation explores how discussion, lazy consensus, and formal votes
fit together,
+how to handle disagreements constructively, and what healthy decision-making
looks like in ASF communities.
+Encourage participants to reflect on how their projects make decisions and
where they might improve transparency and inclusion.
+--
+
+== Why Consensus Matters
+
+* Consensus is the foundation of ASF governance.
+* Formal votes are just one way of measuring it.
+* Discussion and shared understanding build trust and transparency.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+The ASF model is designed to scale without hierarchy.
+Reaching and documenting consensus allows communities to self-govern
effectively.
+Consensus gives contributors a voice, prevents dominance by any one entity,
and builds trust in community decisions.
+--
+
+== Principles of Consensus Building
+
+* *Community Over Code:* decisions belong to the community, not individuals or
companies.
+* *Meritocracy:* every voice matters; influence is earned through constructive
contribution.
+* *Transparency:* decisions are made publicly on the project mailing list.
+* *Respect and Inclusiveness:* dialogue and differing views strengthen
decisions.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+These principles reinforce each other.
+“Community Over Code” emphasizes sustainability, people and culture matter
more than technology.
+Meritocracy is not about hierarchy, but about earned trust through
contribution.
+Transparency and respect ensure that everyone can understand decisions and
feel included in them.
+--
+
+== In Practice
+
+* Start discussions seeking broad agreement not votes.
+* Encourage participation and document differing views.
+* Use a vote when consensus isn’t clear, or when a formal record improves
transparency.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Votes are the *end* of discussion, not the start.
+Always begin with open dialogue: “What do people think?” rather than “Vote +1
or -1.”
+Summarize differing views and document them so the reasoning behind decisions
is clear.
+--
+
+== Forms of Consensus
+
+* Lazy Consensus - default for routine actions
+* Consensus After Discussion — used when objections arise
+* Formal Votes - required for binding ASF decisions
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Consensus takes different forms depending on how much discussion or formality
is required.
+Not every decision needs a formal vote, in fact, most don’t.
+The three main types are lazy consensus, consensus after discussion, and
formal votes.
+--
+
+=== Lazy Consensus
+
+* The default ASF decision model.
+* A proposal is posted; if no one objects within 72 hours, it’s approved.
+* Works well for routine or low-risk actions like website or documentation
updates.
+* Encourages forward progress without bureaucracy.
+
+_Example:_
+“I’ll merge this pull request in 72 hours unless anyone objects.”
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Lazy consensus depends on trust and engagement.
+It works best when contributors actively follow the mailing list and feel
welcome to speak up.
+Silence from disengaged participants isn’t consensus, it’s apathy, which
mentors should watch for.
+--
+
+=== Consensus After Discussion
+
+* Used when objections arise.
+* Discuss until all significant concerns are addressed.
+* Aim for *rough consensus*, broad agreement, even if not everyone fully
agrees.
+* Summarize the final outcome publicly.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+“Rough consensus” means that strong objections have been resolved, not that
everyone must agree.
+It’s about inclusion and progress, not unanimity.
+The key is active listening, understanding and adapting to valid concerns
until the community feels comfortable moving forward.
+--
+
+=== Formal Votes
+
+* Used when ASF policy or legal requirements require a clear decision.
+* Common examples:
+** Code releases
+** Adding committers or PPMC members
+** Podling graduation proposals
+* Held on the correct list:
+** `dev@` for community matters
+** `private@` for personnel matters
+* Vote options: +1 approve, 0 abstain, -1 disapprove (with explanation)
+* A vote can be withdrawn and restarted if significant issues are found during
discussion.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Formal votes ensure traceability and legal oversight.
+They are not about control but accountability, they demonstrate that ASF
policy has been followed.
+A -1 vote signals a concern to address, not a personal rejection.
+If an issue emerges mid-vote, such as a missing NOTICE file, it’s fine to
withdraw and restart the vote after fixing it.
+--
+
+== Release Voting in the Incubator
+
+* Two-stage process:
+** 1. **PPMC vote** on `dev@` to confirm podling consensus.
+** 2. **IPMC vote** on `general@` for ASF-level approval.
+* IPMC votes are binding; at least three +1s required.
+* Mentors ensure both votes are clearly linked and summarized.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Release voting is often misunderstood.
+The first vote demonstrates that the podling community agrees the release is
ready.
+The second confirms that the ASF, through the IPMC, has verified it meets
policy and licensing requirements.
+Mentors should ensure both votes are recorded publicly and linked for
traceability.
+--
+
+== Who Can Vote and When
+
+[cols="1,1,1,1",options="header,autowidth"]
+|===
+| Decision | Who Votes | Binding | Mailing List
+| Routine actions | Anyone | No | dev@
+| Add committers | PPMC | PPMC | private@
+| Add PPMC members | PPMC | PPMC | private@
+| Releases | pass:[<nobr>PPMC & IPMC</nobr>] | IPMC | dev@ → general@
+| Graduation | pass:[<nobr>PPMC & IPMC</nobr>] | IPMC | general@
+|===
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Binding votes come from those formally responsible, PPMC members for
project-level matters, IPMC members for Incubator oversight.
+Non-binding votes still matter, they show engagement and inclusiveness.
+All personnel-related votes must take place on the private@ list to protect
individual privacy.
+--
+
+== Best Practices for Healthy Consensus
+
+* Start with discussion, not a vote.
+* Summarize the decision clearly afterward.
+* Encourage participation from new contributors.
+* Welcome different perspectives.
+* Treat -1 votes as opportunities to improve.
+* Avoid a “vote-first” culture.
+* Watch for dominance by one company or mentor.
+* Assume good faith.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Healthy consensus is cultural, not procedural.
+Encourage open dialogue and avoid rushing to closure.
+When handled respectfully, disagreement builds stronger outcomes and trust.
+--
+
+== Recording Votes
+
+* Post a clear closing summary:
+** Separate *binding* and *non-binding* votes.
+** Include the outcome (e.g., “Passed with 3 binding +1s, no objections”).
+** Link to the original discussion thread.
+* Only votes on ASF-managed mailing lists are valid.
+* Use `[DISCUSS]`, `[VOTE]`, and `[RESULT]` tags for clarity in archives.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Vote summaries are vital for transparency and later review.
+Using consistent tags, `[DISCUSS]`, `[VOTE]`, and `[RESULT]` — makes it easier
for anyone to follow the decision trail.
+If major issues arise mid-vote, withdraw it, fix the issue, and restart.
+That demonstrates responsibility and integrity, not failure.
+--
+
+== Consensus vs. Majority Rule
+
+* ASF decisions are based on **consensus**, not simple majority.
+* The goal is broad agreement and resolved objections.
+* Votes confirm consensus, they don’t replace discussion.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Consensus ensures everyone understands and supports the decision, even if they
weren’t the originator.
+It’s about building shared understanding rather than winning arguments.
+--
+
+== Typical Vote Duration
+
+* Minimum of 72 hours for most votes.
+* Longer for complex or contentious topics.
+* Ensures global participation across time zones.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Allowing at least 72 hours accounts for contributors across the globe.
+This ensures inclusiveness and fairness, especially in distributed
communities.
+--
+
+== Mentor Role in Consensus Building
+
+* Ensure decisions are made publicly and transparently.
+* Guide podlings on when formal votes are required.
+* Help communities avoid private decision-making.
+* Model respectful, inclusive discussion.
+* Step back as the community learns to self-govern.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Mentors should model good practice rather than dominate discussion.
+Ask reflective questions — “Is this documented?” or “Have we waited long
enough?”
+The goal is for the podling to grow comfortable leading its own governance.
+--
+
+== Escalation and IPMC Support
+
+* If consensus breaks down or process is unclear, mentors can ask for IPMC
guidance on `general@`.
+* The IPMC provides advice and oversight, not control.
+* The goal is to help podlings learn and apply ASF practices confidently.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Escalating to the IPMC is part of mentorship, not a failure.
+The IPMC ensures that ASF policies and culture are upheld, while letting the
podling take ownership of decisions.
+--
+
+== Common Anti-Patterns
+
+[cols="1,1,1",options="header,autowidth"]
+|===
+| Pattern | Problem | Better Practice
+| Private chat decisions | Excludes community | Move all decisions to `dev@`
+| Corporate block votes | Undermines meritocracy | Encourage individual voices
+| Silence = agreement | Masks confusion/apathy | Ask for feedback explicitly
+| Vote before discussion | Misses perspectives | Start with open dialogue
+| Ignoring −1 votes | Breaks trust | Discuss and resolve before proceeding
+|===
+
+[.notes]
+--
+These are warning signs of poor process.
+Mentors should watch for them early and guide podlings back toward open,
documented, and respectful governance.
+--
+
+== Consensus and Graduation
+
+* Effective consensus building demonstrates community maturity.
+* Graduation indicators include:
+ - Open, respectful discussions.
+ - Participation from multiple organizations.
+ - PPMC independently handling committer and PPMC additions.
+ - Mailing-list record showing inclusive dialogue.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Consensus practice is one of the clearest signs a podling is ready to
graduate.
+Graduated projects show sustained, self-governing decision-making without
mentor intervention.
+--
+
+== Mentor Takeaways
+
+* Encourage discussion before votes.
+* Ensure decisions are visible and well-documented.
+* Confirm both PPMC and IPMC release votes occur and are linked.
+* Use `[DISCUSS]`, `[VOTE]`, and `[RESULT]` tags for clarity.
+* Model patience and inclusion in every decision.
+* Step back as the podling grows toward independence.
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Mentors are teachers of culture.
+By reinforcing open dialogue, transparency, and respect, they help podlings
mature into strong, self-governing communities ready for graduation.
+--
+
+== Key Takeaway
+
+* Consensus is conversation first, voting second.
+* Healthy communities:
+** Discuss openly
+** Document clearly
+** Include all voices
+** Build trust through transparency
+
+[.notes]
+--
+Close by emphasizing that consensus is what sustains Apache projects over
time.
+When communities listen, record decisions clearly, and value every
perspective, they embody the heart of The Apache Way.
+--
diff --git
a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/java/org/apache/training/StringUtils.java
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/java/org/apache/training/StringUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..beac597
--- /dev/null
+++
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/java/org/apache/training/StringUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ distributed with this work for additional information
+ regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ under the License.
+*/
+package org.apache.training;
+
+public class StringUtils {
+ // tag::contains[]
+ public boolean contains(String haystack, String needle) {
+ return haystack.contains(needle);
+ }
+ // end::contains[]
+}
diff --git
a/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/resources/apache.css
b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/resources/apache.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02c467f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/VotingAndConsensus/src/main/resources/apache.css
@@ -0,0 +1,408 @@
+/*
+ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+ distributed with this work for additional information
+ regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+ to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+ https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ under the License.
+*/
+
+section.has-light-background, section.has-light-background h1,
section.has-light-background h2, section.has-light-background h3,
section.has-light-background h4, section.has-light-background h5,
section.has-light-background h6 {
+ color: #fff; }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * GLOBAL STYLES
+ *********************************************/
+body {
+/* TODO: Fix this */
+/* background-image: url("../../../images/background.jpg");*/
+ background-repeat: no-repeat;
+ background-size: cover;
+ background-color: #fff; }
+
+.reveal {
+ font-family: Panton-Regular, Helvetica, sans-serif;
+ font-size: 34px;
+ font-weight: normal;
+ color: #000; }
+
+::selection {
+ color: #000;
+ background: #bee4fd;
+ text-shadow: none; }
+
+.reveal .slides > section, .reveal .slides > section > section {
+ line-height: 1.3;
+ font-weight: inherit; }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * HEADERS
+ *********************************************/
+.reveal h1, .reveal h2, .reveal h3, .reveal h4, .reveal h5, .reveal h6 {
+ margin: 0 0 20px 0;
+ color: #000;
+ font-family: Panton-Regular, Helvetica, sans-serif;
+ font-weight: 600;
+ line-height: 1.2;
+ letter-spacing: normal;
+ text-transform: none;
+ text-shadow: none;
+ word-wrap: break-word; }
+
+.reveal h1 {
+ font-size: 2.5em; }
+
+.reveal h2 {
+ font-size: 1.6em; }
+
+.reveal h3 {
+ font-size: 1.3em; }
+
+.reveal h4 {
+ font-size: 1em; }
+
+.reveal h1 {
+ text-shadow: none; }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * OTHER
+ *********************************************/
+.reveal p {
+ margin: 20px 0;
+ line-height: 1.3; }
+
+/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
+.reveal img, .reveal video, .reveal iframe {
+ max-width: 95%;
+ max-height: 95%; }
+
+.reveal strong, .reveal b {
+ font-weight: bold; }
+
+.reveal em {
+ font-style: italic; }
+
+.reveal ol, .reveal dl, .reveal ul {
+ display: inline-block;
+ text-align: left;
+ margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
+
+.reveal ol {
+ list-style-type: decimal; }
+
+.reveal ul {
+ list-style-type: disc; }
+
+.reveal ul ul {
+ list-style-type: square; }
+
+.reveal ul ul ul {
+ list-style-type: circle; }
+
+.reveal ul ul, .reveal ul ol, .reveal ol ol, .reveal ol ul {
+ display: block;
+ margin-left: 40px; }
+
+.reveal dt {
+ font-weight: bold; }
+
+.reveal dd {
+ margin-left: 40px; }
+
+.reveal q, .reveal blockquote {
+ quotes: none; }
+
+.reveal blockquote {
+ display: block;
+ position: relative;
+ width: 70%;
+ margin: 20px auto;
+ padding: 5px;
+ font-style: italic;
+ background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
+ box-shadow: 0 0 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
+
+.reveal blockquote p:first-child, .reveal blockquote p:last-child {
+ display: inline-block; }
+
+.reveal q {
+ font-style: italic; }
+
+.reveal pre {
+ display: block;
+ position: relative;
+ width: 90%;
+ margin: 20px auto;
+ text-align: left;
+ font-size: 0.55em;
+ font-family: monospace;
+ line-height: 1.2em;
+ word-wrap: break-word;
+ box-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
+
+.reveal code {
+ font-family: monospace; }
+
+.reveal pre code {
+ display: block;
+ padding: 5px;
+ overflow: auto;
+ max-height: 400px;
+ word-wrap: normal;
+ background: #3F3F3F;
+ color: #DCDCDC; }
+
+.reveal table {
+ margin: auto;
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+ border-spacing: 0; }
+
+.reveal table th {
+ font-weight: bold; }
+
+.reveal table th, .reveal table td {
+ text-align: left;
+ padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
+ border-bottom: 1px solid; }
+
+.reveal table th[align="center"], .reveal table td[align="center"] {
+ text-align: center; }
+
+.reveal table th[align="right"], .reveal table td[align="right"] {
+ text-align: right; }
+
+.reveal table tr:last-child td {
+ border-bottom: none; }
+
+.reveal sup {
+ vertical-align: super; }
+
+.reveal sub {
+ vertical-align: sub; }
+
+.reveal small {
+ display: inline-block;
+ font-size: 0.6em;
+ line-height: 1.2em;
+ vertical-align: top; }
+
+.reveal small * {
+ vertical-align: top; }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * LINKS
+ *********************************************/
+.reveal a {
+ color: #42affa;
+ text-decoration: none;
+ -webkit-transition: color 0.15s ease;
+ -moz-transition: color 0.15s ease;
+ transition: color 0.15s ease; }
+
+.reveal a:hover {
+ color: #8dcffc;
+ text-shadow: none;
+ border: none; }
+
+.reveal .roll span:after {
+ color: #fff;
+ background: #068ee9; }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * IMAGES
+ *********************************************/
+.reveal section img {
+ margin: 15px 0;
+ /*background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);*/
+ /*border: 4px solid #fff;*/
+ /*box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);*/ }
+
+.reveal a img {
+ -webkit-transition: all 0.15s linear;
+ -moz-transition: all 0.15s linear;
+ transition: all 0.15s linear; }
+
+.reveal a:hover img {
+ background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
+ border-color: #42affa;
+ box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * NAVIGATION CONTROLS
+ *********************************************/
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-left, .reveal .controls
div.navigate-left.enabled {
+ border-right-color: #42affa; }
+
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-right, .reveal .controls
div.navigate-right.enabled {
+ border-left-color: #42affa; }
+
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-up, .reveal .controls div.navigate-up.enabled {
+ border-bottom-color: #42affa; }
+
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-down, .reveal .controls
div.navigate-down.enabled {
+ border-top-color: #42affa; }
+
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-left.enabled:hover {
+ border-right-color: #8dcffc; }
+
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-right.enabled:hover {
+ border-left-color: #8dcffc; }
+
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-up.enabled:hover {
+ border-bottom-color: #8dcffc; }
+
+.reveal .controls div.navigate-down.enabled:hover {
+ border-top-color: #8dcffc; }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * PROGRESS BAR
+ *********************************************/
+.reveal .progress {
+ background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
+
+.reveal .progress span {
+ background: #42affa;
+ -webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
+ -moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
+ transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * SLIDE NUMBER
+ *********************************************/
+.reveal .slide-number {
+ color: #42affa;
+ background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);
+}
+
+/*********************************************
+ * GENERAL PURPOSE COLORS
+ *********************************************/
+
+.reveal .red {
+ color: red;
+}
+
+.reveal .orange {
+ color: orange;
+}
+
+.reveal .yellow {
+ color: yellow;
+}
+
+.reveal .green {
+ color: green;
+}
+
+/*********************************************
+ * C3JS Charts
+ *********************************************/
+
+.c3 {
+ fill: white; }
+
+.c3 line, .c3 path {
+ stroke: white !important; }
+
+/*********************************************
+ * Custom styling of individual charts
+ *********************************************/
+
+#most-significant-barriers .c3-shape .c3-shape-2 .c3-bar .c3-bar-2 {
+ color: red;
+}
+
+/*********************************************
+ * Footer and Header
+ *********************************************/
+
+.header {
+ position:relative;
+}
+/*.header .left {
+ position:absolute;
+ top: 5px;
+ left: 5px;
+ width: 196px;
+ height: 100px;
+ background-image: url("../../../images/logo-building-iot.png");
+}*/
+.header .right {
+ position:absolute;
+ top: 5px;
+ right: 5px;
+ width: 246px;
+ height: 100px;
+ background-image: url("../../../images/logo-apache.png");
+}
+
+.footer {
+ position:relative;
+}
+/*.footer .left {
+ position:absolute;
+ bottom: 5px;
+ left: 5px;
+ width: 392px;
+ height: 50px;
+ background-image: url("../../../images/logo-company.png");
+}
+.footer .right {
+ position:absolute;
+ bottom: 5px;
+ right: 5px;
+ width: 306px;
+ height: 100px;
+ background-image: url("../../../images/logo-training.png");
+}*/
+
+/*********************************************
+ * Add the ability to split into two columns
+ *********************************************/
+
+.reveal .west {
+ position: fixed;
+ left: 5%;
+}
+
+.reveal .east {
+ position: fixed;
+ right: 5%;
+}
+
+/* Force left alignment for slide body content */
+.reveal .slides section,
+.reveal .slides section p,
+.reveal .slides section ul,
+.reveal .slides section ol,
+.reveal .slides section blockquote,
+.reveal .slides section pre {
+ text-align: left !important;
+}
+
+/* Keep headings centered (remove if you want headings left too) */
+.reveal .slides section h1,
+.reveal .slides section h2,
+.reveal .slides section h3 {
+ text-align: center !important;
+}
+
+/* Center only the subtitle line on title slides */
+.reveal .slides section.title-slide em,
+.reveal .slides section.title-slide p em {
+ display: block;
+ text-align: center !important;
+ margin-top: 0.5em;
+ font-size: 1.2em;
+ color: #555;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/content/Apache/Incubator/pom.xml b/content/Apache/Incubator/pom.xml
index 00bbdc2..6d04c81 100644
--- a/content/Apache/Incubator/pom.xml
+++ b/content/Apache/Incubator/pom.xml
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
<module>BrandingAndIdentity</module>
<module>PodlingOrientation</module>
<module>Goverance</module>
+ <module>VotingAndConsensus</module>
</modules>
</project>
diff --git a/site/pom.xml b/site/pom.xml
index 493fcc6..45d46ae 100644
--- a/site/pom.xml
+++ b/site/pom.xml
@@ -365,6 +365,13 @@
<type>war</type>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/site/presentations/apache/incubator/Governance</outputDirectory>
</artifactItem>
+ <artifactItem>
+ <groupId>org.apache.training.content</groupId>
+ <artifactId>incubator-voting-and-consensus</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ <type>war</type>
+
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/site/presentations/apache/incubator/Governance</outputDirectory>
+ </artifactItem>
<artifactItem>
<groupId>org.apache.training.content</groupId>
<artifactId>training-content-apache-incubator-navigating-asf-incubation</artifactId>
@@ -740,6 +747,12 @@
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<type>war</type>
</dependency>
+ <dependency>
+ <groupId>org.apache.training.content</groupId>
+ <artifactId>incubator-voting-and-consensus</artifactId>
+ <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+ <type>war</type>
+ </dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.training.content</groupId>
<artifactId>training-content-apache-incubator-navigating-asf-incubation</artifactId>
diff --git a/site/src/site/site.xml b/site/src/site/site.xml
index d72c12c..125bce5 100644
--- a/site/src/site/site.xml
+++ b/site/src/site/site.xml
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@
<item name="Vendor Neutrality"
href="presentations/apache/incubator/VendorNeutrality/index.html"
target="_blank"/>
<item name="Branding and Identity"
href="presentations/apache/incubator/BrandingIdentity/index.html"
target="_blank"/>
<item name="Governance in Practice"
href="presentations/apache/incubator/Goverance/index.html" target="_blank"/>
+ <item name="Voting And Consensus"
href="presentations/apache/incubator/VotingAndConsensus/index.html"
target="_blank"/>
<item name="IPMC Onboarding"
href="presentations/apache/incubator/IPMC/index.html" target="_blank"/>
<item name="Mentors Onboarding"
href="presentations/apache/incubator/mentors/index.html" target="_blank"/>
<item name="PPMC Onboarding"
href="presentations/apache/incubator/PPMC/index.html" target="_blank"/>
