The flaw in the toUsingCharset method is two-fold: Firstly, Strings in Java are *always* stored internally as UTF-8
I agree with the rest of your analysis of this, but I thought I should point out that Java Strings and "char"s are stored in UTF-16 rather than UTF-8. A "char" is an unsigned, two-byte value that can hold all the characters from UCS2.
As far as toUsingCharset goes, I agree that it looks broken. The code basically does:
return new String(target.getBytes(fromCharset), toCharset);
It's taking "target", which is a UTF-16 string, encoding it into a byte array in "fromCharset", and then decoding those bytes back into UTF-16 using "toCharset". So it's pretendeing the bytes in the array have two different meanings, one when it writes them and one when it reads them immediately afterward. I can't see how this could be correct.
-- Laura
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