Email digest for the Global Conservation Forum (ConsDistList) egroup.
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 1. New Online Resource: Green Pigments and Paints in Persian Manuscripts

 2. Poll on Use of Toluene by Paper Conservators

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1.From: Mandana Barkeshli
 Posted: Sunday September 20, 2026  8:37 AM
 Subject: New Online Resource: Green Pigments and Paints in Persian Manuscripts
 Message: Dear Colleagues,I am pleased to announce the completion and online 
publication of a new phase of the Persian Manuscript Materials Digital 
Database, devoted to Green Pigments and Paints in Persian Medieval Manuscripts.
Supported by the Soudavar Memorial Foundation (SMF), this research brings 
together historical Persian technical sources with experimental reconstruction 
and conservation-science investigation. The newly published section includes 
original Persian recipes with English translations, documentation of 
experimental reconstructions, comparative observations, and discussion of the 
materials and techniques associated with green pigments and paints in Persian 
manuscript traditions.
A particular focus is the historically important copper-green pigment zangr. 
Persian technical sources preserve a remarkable diversity of recipes for its 
preparation, involving different materials and processes. Through 
reconstruction of these recipes, the project investigates their material 
characteristics as well as issues relevant to the deterioration and 
conservation of Persian manuscripts.
The new Green Pigments and Paints section follows our previously published 
Coloured Inks section and forms part of the continuing development of the 
Persian Manuscript Materials Digital Database.
The database is freely accessible, and I hope it will be a useful resource for 
conservators, conservation scientists, manuscript specialists, technical art 
historians, researchers, and students.
Persian Manuscript Materials Digital Database:
 https://persianmanuscriptmaterials.org/ 
<https://persianmanuscriptmaterials.org/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>
My sincere thanks to the Soudavar Memorial Foundation for supporting this phase 
of the research and the continued development of the database.
I would be very pleased to receive comments or questions from colleagues 
working with manuscript pigments, copper-based greens, historical recipes, or 
related conservation issues.
With best wishes,
          
 



Prof. Dr. Mandana Barkeshli
 Conservation Scientist
UCSI University, Malaysia
 Honorary Principal Fellow, Grimwade Centre for Cultural Materials 
Conservation, University of Melbourne, Australia
 Persian Manuscript Materials Digital Database

Image 1: Safavid Persian illuminated manuscript showing deterioration 
associated with pure copper green, magnified 50. Checklist no. 13. Private 
collection (M. Atiqi).

Image 2: Copper-green pigments produced through six experimental reconstruction 
methods based on historical Persian recipes. (c) Persian Manuscript Materials 
Project. 


2.From: Emily Benton
 Posted: Sunday September 20, 2026  8:37 AM
 Subject: Poll on Use of Toluene by Paper Conservators
 Message: I am an independent conservator conducting research on the use of 
toluene by paper conservators. Toluene is considered a problematic solvent due 
to health and safety risks, so I am investigating how it is used so that 
alternative solvents for treatment can be found and tested.
 
I am reaching out to conduct a brief survey on the current and historical use 
of Toluene by paper conservators. This survey is collecting information in 
order to understand how toluene is used, how it has been used in the past, why 
it is no longer being used, and what It has been replaced with. It should take 
less than 10 minutes to fill it out.
 
The results of this poll will be used to test out alternatives to toluene by 
determining what are its most common uses. From there, an experiment will be 
conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of toluene vs the experimental 
alternatives. 
Hopefully, depending on the results, this research will be published and shared 
to encourage the use of safer and greener solvents by paper conservators.

You can find the poll here:

https://forms.gle/GqAgE5LEoszAuMx89


Thank you very much for taking your time to read this fill this out.




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Emily Benton
Graduate Student (Class of 2026)
University of Amsterdam Program in Conservation and Restoration
Amsterdam
Netherlands
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