Hi David,

On 11/11/2017 07:51 AM, David Holmes wrote:
AFAICS SimpleTimeZone is simply not thread-safe. It has state that can be modified concurrently without synchronization and with fields not even declared volatile. Only the "cache" makes an attempt to use synchronization. So clone() is never guaranteed to actually produce a copy with valid/consistent field values.

The suggested patch certainly improves the situation by at least resetting the cache of the cloned instance before returning it.

The instance of SimpleTimeZone that is shared among threads (internally in JDK) is the defaultTimeZone instance (obtained through package-private TimeZone.getDefaultRef() method). I checked the usages and they seem to be "read-only" - not modifying the instance, just obtaining information from it. The cache OTOH, as you say, is synchronized.

TimeZone and subclasses seem to be designed to be modified by single thread only, but can be used from multiple threads to read the information from them, including lazily computed and cached information. Usage withing JDK seems to comply with that.

Venkat's patch therefore correctly fixes the remaining issue that is observed when the shared SimpleTimeZone instance is being cloned while also being accessed from multiple threads in read-only mode. Invalidating cache of the cloned instance just before returning it from clone() method means that instance obtained from TimeZone.getDefault() will never get cached state from original instance and will always have to re-compute it, but I think this is still better than synchronizing on the original instance which may never be optimized away (i.e. elided) by JIT.

Regards, Peter


David

On 11/11/2017 3:53 PM, Venkateswara R Chintala wrote:
Thanks Sean. I am pasting the patch here:

--- old/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/SimpleTimeZone.java 2017-11-11 11:17:38.643867420 +0530 +++ new/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/SimpleTimeZone.java 2017-11-11 11:17:38.375870421 +0530
@@ -868,7 +868,11 @@
       */
      public Object clone()
      {
-        return super.clone();
+        // Invalidate the time zone cache while cloning as it
+        // can be inconsistent due to race condition.
+        SimpleTimeZone tz = (SimpleTimeZone) super.clone();
+        tz.invalidateCache();
+        return tz;
      }

      /**
--- /dev/null    2017-11-02 17:09:59.155627814 +0530
+++ new/test/java/util/TimeZone/SimpleTimeZoneTest.java 2017-11-11 11:17:38.867864912 +0530
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @summary Tests the race condition between java.util.TimeZone.getDefault() and java.util.GregorianCalendar()
+ * @run main SimpleTimeZoneTest
+*/
+
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import java.util.SimpleTimeZone;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+
+public class SimpleTimeZoneTest extends Thread {
+    Calendar cal;
+
+    public SimpleTimeZoneTest (Calendar cal) {
+        this.cal = cal;
+    }
+
+    public static void main (String[] args) {
+        TimeZone stz = new SimpleTimeZone(7200000, "Asia/Jerusalem", Calendar.MARCH, 27, 0, 3600000, Calendar.SEPTEMBER, 16, 0, 3600000);
+        TimeZone.setDefault(stz);
+
+        SimpleTimeZoneTest stt = new SimpleTimeZoneTest(new GregorianCalendar());
+        stt.setDaemon(true);
+        stt.start();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50000; i++) {
+            Calendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();
+            cal.clear();
+            cal.getTimeInMillis();
+            cal.set(2014, 2, 2);
+            cal.clear();
+            cal.getTimeInMillis();
+            cal.set(1970, 2, 2);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        while (true) {
+            cal.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getDefault());
+            cal.clear();
+            cal.set(2008, 9, 9);
+            Calendar calInst = java.util.Calendar.getInstance();
+            calInst.setTimeInMillis(cal.getTimeInMillis());
+
+            if (calInst.get(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) != cal.get(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) || +                calInst.get(java.util.Calendar.MINUTE) != cal.get(java.util.Calendar.MINUTE) || +                calInst.get(java.util.Calendar.SECOND) != cal.get(java.util.Calendar.SECOND) || +                calInst.get(java.util.Calendar.MILLISECOND) != cal.get(java.util.Calendar.MILLISECOND)) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException("Test failed");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}


On 10/11/17 9:29 PM, Seán Coffey wrote:
I think the OpenJDK mailing lists accept attachments if in patch format. If it's a simple short patch, it's acceptable to paste it into email body.

Easiest solution is to use webrev[1]. If you can't upload this to cr.openjdk.java.net - then one of your colleagues may be able to help.

[1] http://openjdk.java.net/guide/webrevHelp.html

Regards,
Sean.

On 10/11/17 12:18, Venkateswara R Chintala wrote:
Looks like the patch attached earlier is not visible. As this is my first contribution, please let me know how I can send the patch for review.


On 10/11/17 5:37 PM, Venkateswara R Chintala wrote:
Hi,

In a multi-threaded environment, when java.util.SimpleTimeZone object is used to create a default timezone, there can be a race condition between the methods java.util.Timezone.getDefault() and java.util.Timezone.getDefaultRef() which can result in inconsistency of cache that is used to validate a particular time/date in DST.

When a thread is cloning a default timezone object (SimpleTimeZone) and at the same time if a different thread modifies the time/year values, then the cache values (cacheYear, cacheStart, cacheEnd) can become inconsistent which leads to incorrect DST determination.

We considered two approaches to fix the issue.

1)Synchronize access to cloning default timezone object when cache is being modified.

2)Invalidate the cache while returning the clone.

We preferred the second option as synchronization is more expensive.

We have attached the patch and jtreg testcase. Please review.






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