Dear All,
Here my rewriting of the scope notes of P11 and P12. It is a part of the
most fundamental reasoning in the CRM, which may be formulated in FOL.
Likelihoods of course not;-). Comments most welcome!
OLD:
P11 had participant (participated in)
Domain: E5 <#_E5_Event> Event
Range: E39 <#_E39_Actor> Actor
Subproperty of: E5 <#_E5_Event> Event. P12 <#_P12_occurred_in_the
presence of (wa> occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77
<#_E77_Persistent_Item> Persistent Item
Superproperty of: E7 <#_E7_Activity> Activity. P14 <#_P14_carried_out_by
(performed)> carried out by (performed): E39 <#_E39_Actor> Actor
E67 <#_E67_Birth> Birth. P96 <#_P96_by_mother_(gave birth)> by mother
(gave birth): E21 <#_E21_Person> Person
E68 <#_E68_Dissolution> Dissolution. P99 <#_P99_dissolved_(was_dissolved
by)> dissolved (was dissolved by): E74 <#_E74_Group> Group
E85 <#_E85_Joining> Joining.P143 <#_P143_joined_(was_joined by)> joined
(was joined by): E39 <#_E39_Actor> Actor
E85 <#_E85_Joining> Joining.P144 <#_P144_joined_with_(gained member by)>
joined with (gained member by): E74 <#_E74_Group> Group
E86 <#_E86_Leaving> Leaving.P145 <#_P145_separated_(left_ by)> separated
(left by):E39 <#_E39_Actor> Actor
E86 <#_E86_Leaving> Leaving.P146 <#_P146_separated_from_(lost member by>
separated from (lost member by):E74 <#_E74_Group> Group
P151 <#_P151_was_formed_1> was formed from: E74 <#_E74_Group> Group
Quantification: many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note: This property describes the active or passive
participation of instances of E39 Actors in an E5 Event.
It connects the life-line of the related E39 Actor with the E53 Place
and E50 Date of the event. The property implies that the Actor was
involved in the event but does not imply any causal relationship. The
subject of a portrait can be said to have participated in the creation
of the portrait.
Examples:
§ Napoleon (E21) participated in The Battle of Waterloo (E7)
§ Maria (E21) participated in Photographing of Maria (E7)
In First Order Logic:
P11(x,y) ⊃ E5(x)
P11(x,y) ⊃ E39(y)
P11(x,y) ⊃ P12(x,y)
*NEW:*
Scope note: This property describes the active or passive
participation of instances of E39 Actors in an E5 Event.
The known events in which an instance of E39 Actor has participated can
be seen as stations of his course of life, his history. The E53 Place
and E52 Time-Span where and when these events happened provide us with
constraints about the presence of the related E39 Actor in the past.
Collective actors, i.e., instances of E74 Group, may physically
participate in events via their representing E21 Persons only. The
participation of multiple actors in an event is most likely an
indication of their acquaintance and interaction.
The property implies that the Actor was involved in the event but does
not imply any causal relationship. For instance, someone having been
portrayed can be said to have participated in the creation of the portrait.
*OLD:*
P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)
Domain: E5 <#_E5_Event> Event
Range: E77 <#_E77_Persistent_Item> Persistent Item
Superproperty of: E5 <#_E5_Event> Event. P11
<#_P11_had_participant_(participated i> had participant (participated
in): E39 <#_E39_Actor> Actor
E7 <#_E7_Activity> Activity. P16 <#_P16_used_specific_object (was used >
used specific object (was used for): E70 <#_E70_Thing> Thing
E9 <#_E9_Move> Move. P25 <#_P25_moved_(moved_by)> moved (moved by): E19
<#_E19_Physical_Object> Physical Object
E11 <#_E11_Modification> Modification. P31 <#_P31_has_modified_(was
modified by)> has modified (was modified by): E18
<#_E24_Physical_Man-Made_Thing> Physical Thing
E63 <#_E63_Beginning_of_Existence> Beginning of Existence. P92
<#_P92_brought_into_existence (was bro> brought into existence (was
brought into existence by): E77 <#_E77_Persistent_Item> Persistent Item
E64 <#_E64_End_of_Existence> End of Existence. P93 <#_P93_took_out_of
existence (was take> took out of existence (was taken out of existence
by): E77 <#_E77_Persistent_Item> Persistent Item
E79 <#_E79_Part_Addition> Part Addition.P111 <#_P111_added_(was> added
(was added by): E18 <#_E18_Physical_Thing> Physical Thing
E80 <#_E80_Part_Removal> Part Removal.P113 <#_P113_removed_(was> removed
(was removed by): E18 <#_E18_Physical_Thing> Physical Thing
Quantification: many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note: This property describes the active or passive presence of an
E77 Persistent Item in an E5 Event without implying any specific role.
It connects the history of a thing with the E53 Place and E50 Date of
an event. For example, an object may be the desk, now in a museum on
which a treaty was signed. The presence of an immaterial thing implies
the presence of at least one of its carriers.
Examples:
§ Deckchair 42 (E19) was present at The sinking of the Titanic (E5)
In First Order Logic:
P12(x,y) ⊃ E5(x)
P12(x,y) ⊃ E77(y)
*NEW*
Scope note: This property describes the active or passive presence of an
E77 Persistent Item in an E5 Event without implying any specific role.
The known events in which an instance of E77 Persistent Item was present
can be seen as stations of its course of existence, its history. For
example, an object may be the desk, now in a museum on which a treaty
was signed. The E53 Place and E52 Time-Span where and when these events
happened provide us with constraints about the presence of the related
E77 Persistent Item in the past. Instances of E90 Symbolic Object, in
particular information objects, are physically present in events via at
least one of the instances of E18 Physical Thing carrying them. Note,
that the human mind can be such a carrier. A precondition for a transfer
of information to a person or another new physical carrier is the
presence of the respective information object and this person or
physical thing in one event.
--
------------------------------------
Dr. Martin Doerr
Honorary Head of the
Center for Cultural Informatics
Information Systems Laboratory
Institute of Computer Science
Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)
N.Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton,
GR70013 Heraklion,Crete,Greece
Vox:+30(2810)391625
Email: mar...@ics.forth.gr
Web-site: http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl
