Dear all,
The class E93 Presence has been designed to describe the whereabouts of
things, periods and events during arbitrarily given time-spans, as very
frequently done in historical records.
Creating examples for these cases, I encounter the problem that the
property "P167 at", designed to provide a wider place within something
was, is not the typical case of historical descriptions. Rather, they
refer to travels through some place within a time-span, such as in
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Joachim_Winckelmann, without even
particular events being specified. So, the trajectory overlaps with the
given place, but the place is neither included in it does it covered the
trajectory during this time.
Rarely could I find a reference to a time-span in which the person or
period was actually completely within this place, as required for P167.
The latter happens more for object descriptions.
In order to capture these typical descriptions, I propose a new property
in order to complete the utility of the Presence construct, the last one
for the next release:
Pxxx covered parts of (was partially covered by)
Domain: E93 <#_E93_Spacetime_Snapshot>Presence
Range: E53 <#_E53_Place>Place
Quantification:
Scope note:This property associates an instance of E93 Presence with an
instance of E53 Place that geometrically overlaps with the spatial
projection of the respective instance of E93 Presence. Besides others,
this property may be used to state through which places an object or an
instance of E21 Person has or was moved within a given time-span. It may
also be used to describe a partial or complete, temporary or permanent
extension of the spatial extent of some realm into a neighboring region
during a known time-span. It is a shortcut of the more fully developed
path from E93 Presence through /P161 has spatial projection/, E53 Place,
/P121 overlaps with/ to E53 Place.
In First Order Logic:
P167(x,y) ⊃E93(x)
P167(x,y) ⊃E53(y)
P167(x,y) ⊃($z)[ E53(z) ∧P161(x,z) ∧P121(z,y)]
Examples:
Johann Joachim Winckelmann’s presence from Nov. 19 1755 until April 9
1968 /Pxxx covered parts of/ Florence, Italy
Johann Joachim Winckelmann’s presence from Nov. 19 1755 until April 9
1968 /Pxxx covered parts of/ Paestum, Italy
The Byzantine Empire 1013AD /Pxxx covered parts of /The Italian Peninsula
Please comment!
========================================================================================
As explanation I add here below the other examples for the
properties of E93. I believe P167 should be renamed to "was at"...
E93 Presence
Subclass of: E92 <#_E92_Spacetime_Volume> Spacetime Volume
Scope note:This class comprises instances of E92 Spacetime Volume, whose
temporal extent has been chosen in order to determine the spatial extent
of a phenomenon over the chosen time-span. Respective phenomena may, for
instance, be historical events or periods, but can also be the
diachronic extent and existence of physical things. In other words,
instances of this class fix a slice of another instance of E92 Spacetime
Volume in time.
The temporal extent of an instance of E93 Presence typically is
predetermined by the researcher so as to focus the investigation
particularly on finding the spatial extent of the phenomenon by testing
for its characteristic features. There are at least two basic directions
such investigations might take. The investigation may wish to determine
where something was during some time or it may wish to reconstruct the
total passage of a phenomenon’s spacetime volume through an examination
of discrete presences. Observation and measurement of features
indicating the presence or absence of a phenomenon in some space allows
for the progressive approximation of spatial extents through
argumentation typically based on inclusion, exclusion and various overlaps.
In First Order Logic:
E93(x) ⊃E92(x)
Properties:
P164 <#_P164_(Px9)_is> during (was time-span of): E52
<#_E52_Time-Span>Time Span
P166 <#_P166_was_a>was a presence of (had presence): E92
<#_E91_Co-Reference_Assignment>Space Time Volume
P167 <#_P167_was_at>at (was place of): E53 <#_E53_Place>Place
P195 <#_P195_was_a>was a presence of (had presence): E18 Physical Thing
Examples:
E93:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence in December 1755
P195:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence in December 1755 /P195 was a
presence of/ Johann JoachimWinckelmann (E21)
P167:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence in December 1755 /at/ Rome (E53)
P164:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence in December 1755 /during/ December 1755
E93:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence from Nov. 19 1755 until April 9 1768
P195:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence from Nov. 19 1755 until April 9
1768 /P195 was a presence of/ Johann JoachimWinckelmann (E21)
P167:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence from Nov. 19 1755 until April 9
1968 /at/ Italy
P164:
Johann JoachimWinckelmann’s presence from Nov. 19 1755 until April 9
1978 /during/ Nov. 19 1755 until April 9 1768
E93:
The Roman Empire in 19 August AD 14
P166:
The Roman Empire in 19 August AD 14 /P166 was a presence of/ The Roman
Empire (E4)
--
------------------------------------
Dr. Martin Doerr
Honorary Head of the
Center for Cultural Informatics
Information Systems Laboratory
Institute of Computer Science
Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)
N.Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton,
GR70013 Heraklion,Crete,Greece
Vox:+30(2810)391625
Email: mar...@ics.forth.gr
Web-site: http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl
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