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The Week Online with DRCNet, Issue #79 -- February 19, 1999
A Publication of the Drug Reform Coordination Network
-------- PLEASE COPY AND DISTRIBUTE --------
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(This issue can be also be read on our web site at
<http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html>. Check out the DRCNN
weekly radio segment at http://www.drcnet.org/drcnn/ -- this
Friday's issue features interviews with former U.S. Attorney
General Edwin Meese, Connecticut Assembly Judiciary
Committee chairman Rep. Michael Lawlor, and former New Haven
police chief Nicholas Pastore.)
PERMISSION to reprint or redistribute any or all of the
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Network, 2000 P St., NW, Suite 615, Washington, DC 20036,
(202) 293-8340 (voice), (202) 293-8344 (fax), e-mail
[EMAIL PROTECTED] Thank you.
Articles of a purely educational nature in The Week Online
appear courtesy of the DRCNet Foundation, unless otherwise
noted.
ERRATA: Last week's article on the Mexican drug war and the
congressional certification debate stated that Mexico was
decertified last year but granted a national security waiver
(http://www.drcnet.org/wol/078.html#totalwar). This was
incorrect -- Mexico was in fact certified, though
The Week Online with DRCNet, Issue #79 -- February 19, 1999
A Publication of the Drug Reform Coordination Network
-------- PLEASE COPY AND DISTRIBUTE --------
(To sign off this list, mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] with the
line "signoff drc-natl" in the body of the message, or
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] for assistance. To subscribe to
this list, visit <http://www.drcnet.org/signup.html>.)
(This issue can be also be read on our web site at
<http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html>. Check out the DRCNN
weekly radio segment at http://www.drcnet.org/drcnn/ -- this
Friday's issue features interviews with former U.S. Attorney
General Edwin Meese, Connecticut Assembly Judiciary
Committee chairman Rep. Michael Lawlor, and former New Haven
police chief Nicholas Pastore.)
PERMISSION to reprint or redistribute any or all of the
contents of The Week Online is hereby granted. We ask that
any use of these materials include proper credit and, where
appropriate, a link to one or more of our web sites. If
your publication customarily pays for publication, DRCNet
requests checks payable to the organization. If your
publication does not pay for materials, you are free to use
the materials gratis. In all cases, we request notification
for our records, including physical copies where material
has appeared in print. Contact: Drug Reform Coordination
Network, 2000 P St., NW, Suite 615, Washington, DC 20036,
(202) 293-8340 (voice), (202) 293-8344 (fax), e-mail
[EMAIL PROTECTED] Thank you.
Articles of a purely educational nature in The Week Online
appear courtesy of the DRCNet Foundation, unless otherwise
noted.
ERRATA: Last week's article on the Mexican drug war and the
congressional certification debate stated that Mexico was
decertified last year but granted a national security waiver
(http://www.drcnet.org/wol/078.html#totalwar). This was
incorrect -- Mexico was in fact certified, though amid
controversy and opposition from some members of Congress.
It was Colombia that was decertified last year and granted
the waiver.
A SPECIAL THANKS to those of you who responded to our appeal
for non-tax-deductible donations to our 501(c)(4) lobbying
network to enable us to continue our exciting campaign to
reverse the drug provision in the Higher Education Act of
1998. Your generosity has brought the organization
thousands of much-needed lobbying dollars. This, together
with other new funding, will allow the HEA reform project
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Less Than Three Weeks Left to Defeat "Know Your Customer"
Rules!
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#defeatkyc
2. ABA to Congress: Stop Federalizing Crime
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#abareport
3. Connecticut Addressing Racial Disparities in Drug
Enforcement, Sentencing
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#connecticut
4. U.S. Customs Service Report Acknowledges Corruption
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#customs
5. Man Shot Dead in Home by Police, Small Amount of
Marijuana Found
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#shooting
6. Medical Marijuana Opponents Mount Challenges in Oregon,
Washington
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#medmjchallenge
7. Hemp Beer Served on Air Force One
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#airforceone
8. Oregon Schools to Pay Students for Anonymous Tips
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#payfortips
9. RALLY: Mothers in Prison, Children in Crisis, NYC, May 9
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#rally
10. Editorial: Another Isolated Incident
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/079.html#editorial
================
1. Less Than Three Weeks Left to Defeat "Know Your Customer"
Rules!
Three weeks ago, we reported on the FDIC's controversial
"Know Your Customer" banking rules proposal, and provided
addresses for you to voice your objections to federal
regulators (http://www.drcnet.org/wol/076.html#kyc). "Know
Your Customer" is advocated by people who are frustrated at
the failure of supply-side interdiction efforts to restrict
the illicit drug supply, but who haven't yet admitted that
anti-money laundering programs like KYC are also doomed to
failure for extremely similar reasons.
Fewer than 20 days are now left to contact the FDIC and
demand that it drop the proposed "Know Your Customer" rule.
The Libertarian Party has put up a new web site to make this
especially easy -- http://www.defendyourprivacy.com -- so
please take a few moments right now to sign the online
petition, and then to forward this message to any friends,
family, co-workers, neighbors, or other people you know
personally who may be interested. Your petition will be
submitted directly to the FDIC, and a copy will also be sent
to your representative in the U.S. House and to both your
U.S. Senators.
Please also send us an e-mail at [EMAIL PROTECTED]
to let us know that you've taken action -- we need your
feedback to assess our impact and demonstrate our
effectiveness to our funders.
================
2. ABA to Congress: Stop Federalizing Crime
In a report released in Washington this week, an American
Bar Association panel admonished Congress to stop generating
federal criminal statutes as a way to prove they are tough
on crime. The findings of "The Federalization of Criminal
Law" echo a warning from U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice
William Rehnquist, who said in his State of the Judiciary
address this year that "the pressure on Congress to appear
responsive to every highly publicized societal ill or
sensational crime" has led to massive increases in federal
caseloads and changed the relationship between federal and
local law enforcement (see previous Week Online article at
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/073.html#rehnquist).
The ABA report notes that 40 percent of federal criminal
laws passed since the Civil War were passed after 1970.
During the same period, the number of federal prosecutors in
U.S. Attorneys offices increased from 3,000 to 8,000. From
1982 to 1993, federal criminal justice system expenditures
grew by 317 percent -- nearly double the rate of increase in
state spending during that time. Some of the laws, rushed
through Congress in response to widespread media attention
on crimes like car jacking and drive-by shootings, have
rarely been used. Others are more popular, such as federal
drug trafficking statutes, which accounted for a full 28% of
federal charges against individuals in 1997. Overall, the
report says, the federalizing trend has hurt civil
litigants, who must endure longer waits because priority is
given to criminal trials. Yet the federalization of crime
has failed to have a significant effect on the violent
crimes of most concern to the public, "because in practice
federal law enforcement can only reach a small percentage of
such activity."
According to the report, one of the greatest dangers of
making federal statutes which duplicate existing state laws
is that it threatens to undermine "the careful
decentralization of criminal law authority that has worked
well for all of our constitutional history" by creating
confusion about the roles and responsibilities of federal
law enforcement in local criminal matters. Former Attorney
General Edwin Meese III, who led the ABA panel which
produced the report, told the Week Online, "There's a real
danger of the concentration of federal police power in the
national government. We've always been opposed to a
national police force because there's much less control.
We've always believed in local control, where the police are
closer to the people." The impact of a loss of this control
on constitutional rights and individual liberties, he said
is "a serious threat. And it also diverts congressional
attention and other federal agencies from those criminal
activities that only the federal government can handle."
Meese was Attorney General during the second term of the
Reagan presidency, when lawmakers responded to public outcry
over the cocaine-related death of college basketball star
Len Bias by including severe mandatory minimum sentences for
drug crimes in the 1986 omnibus crime bill. The ABA report
does not mention mandatory minimums, which Meese said were
brought on in part by frustration with judges who were
"unduly lenient" in their sentencing practices. Meese said
he was not a fan of rigid minimum sentencing, but felt that
federal sentencing guidelines alone were not enough at the
time. "I feel that there should be guidelines for judges,
but that judges should have a certain amount of discretion
and flexibility for unusual cases," he said. "But this was
something the judges in effect had brought on themselves."
He added, "I think now might be a good time, roughly 10 or
15 years later, to take a look at the sentences and see what
the impact has been."
Ultimately, Meese said, the panel hopes that its report will
help create a climate in which congress can consider the
effects of federalizing crime without the political hazards
of being labeled "soft on crime." "We're trying to provide
both statistical data and convincing arguments that would
support members of congress and other public officials who
are willing to stand up for constitutional fidelity as well
as realistically appraising what federal crimes do and don't
do."
Copies of "The Federalization of Criminal Law" are available
from the American Bar Association for $10 apiece. To order,
call (312) 988-5000. A report released by the ABA two weeks
ago found that increased prison sentences don't deter drug
use (http://www.drcnet.org/wol/077.html#abastudy). Visit
the ABA on the web at <http://www.abanet.org>.
================
3. Connecticut Addressing Racial Disparities in Drug
Enforcement, Sentencing
A bipartisan effort is underway in the Connecticut General
Assembly to address reports of racial disparities in the
ways that drug laws are enforced and prosecuted, according
to Mike Lawlor, House chairman of the Assembly's judiciary
committee. Studies conducted for the Assembly's Office of
Legislative Research have found that African Americans, who
constitute only 8 percent of Connecticut's population, make
up 39 percent of those arrested for drug offenses, and 58%
of drug convictions. Whites account for 62 percent of the
population and nearly 50 percent of drug arrests, but only
11 percent of convictions.
"I think it's no secret that in recent years, racial
tensions have been exacerbated around the criminal justice
system," Lawlor told the Week Online. "Between the racial
profiling on the highways, some of the recent police
shootings, and what's clearly a huge disparity in the prison
population. We know that there's a problem. People can
disagree about what has caused it and what might solve it,
but for the moment at least we know that this crisis of
confidence in the criminal justice system is undermining the
system's ability to function properly."
Lawlor said the Assembly hopes to change both the perception
and the reality of the problem without affecting public
safety by increasing funding for programs with proven
effectiveness, like drug courts, community-based diversion
treatment, and drug treatment within prisons. On the
enforcement level, he said, the Assembly is working with
police to develop alternatives to arrest, such as writing
referrals to drug treatment. In terms of the courts, he
said, "We're talking about giving the judges more discretion
with mandatory minimum penalties."
Lawlor said the bi-partisan atmosphere of legislative work
on drug policy in Connecticut doesn't surprise him, but he
realizes it's unique given the tenor of the debate on the
national stage. "My experience has been that behind closed
doors, even the most outspoken drug warriors will
acknowledge that 'it's not doing any good, but we have to be
tough on crime.' But wouldn't you rather be doing something
that's going to work?" In Connecticut, he said, "we have an
unusual coalition of frustrated police officers, crime
victims, conservative republicans and liberal democrats, all
saying that we could do a much better job if we could just
de-politicize this issue a little."
Nick Pastore, research fellow in police policy for the
Criminal Justice Policy Foundation and former police chief
of New Haven, Connecticut, applauded the efforts by the
Assembly. "We can prove fiscally, as well as
developmentally, that alternatives to incarceration work.
And 'alternatives to incarceration' starts a philosophical
mind-change that breaks away from the mind set of draconian,
lock 'em up punishment." He said he hopes this will lead to
real changes in policing. "The way the police do business
in America has to be continually under the microscope.
We've got to say we're going change the way we do police
work, and especially how we treat people with different
backgrounds -- including people who have been arrested."
The Connecticut Law Revision Commission, empaneled by the
General Assembly, conducts an ongoing review of state
statutes. Their reports and recommendations are on the web
at <http://www.cga.state.ct.us/lrc/>. The Criminal Justice
Policy Foundation is on the web at <http://www.cjpf.org>.
You'll also find an interview with Nick Pastore from the
Spring, 1998 issue of the Drug Policy Letter on the DRCNet
web site, at <http://www.drcnet.org/cops/>.
================
4. U.S. Customs Service Report Acknowledges Corruption
The U.S. Customs Service, in a report to Congress this week
(2/16), admitted that it was unsure of just how pervasive
the problem of corruption in its ranks had become as illicit
drugs continue to pour over the border.
"The large amounts of illegal drugs that pass through U.S.
Customs land, sea and air ports of entry and the enormous
amount of money at the disposal of drug traffickers to
corrupt law enforcement personnel place Customs and its
employees at great risk to (sic) corruption" the report
said.
The U.S. Customs Service, which monitors points of entry to
and departure from the U.S. has over 12,000 agents in the
field. According to the New York Times, eight Customs
agents have been convicted of taking bribes from drug
traffickers in the past ten years, but the report indicated
that the agency's internal investigations have not kept up
with demand, and that it is likely that much corruption that
does occur goes unnoticed.
The report pointed to a "long history of strife and
infighting" between the agency's investigative unit and its
internal affairs division, which has had "a debilitating
effect on their (internal affairs officers') ability to
perform their jobs diligently." The agency also announced
that the head of their IA division, Homer J. Williams, would
be replaced this week and replaced by former federal
prosecutor William A. Keefer. Williams had been under
investigation for allegedly tipping off another Customs
agent that she was under investigation by his division.
The report was compiled by the Treasury Department, and is
not yet available to the public. A spokesman for the
Customs Service told The Week Online that the report
suggests that corruption is not occurring systemically, but
rather in isolated incidents. The report's main concern,
according to Customs is the service's "vulnerability to
corruption." When asked whether the it was Customs' opinion
that corruption in its ranks could be kept under control,
given improvements in its internal affairs division, he
answered "yes."
But the vulnerability described in the report is endemic to
the Drug War, as according to the Times, more than 17
million cargo shipments are processed each year, and
corruption is often a simple matter of waving a specific car
or truck through a check point, nothing different than is
done with countless other vehicles day after day on the
border.
================
5. Man Shot Dead at Home by Police, Small Amount of
Marijuana Found
Willie Heard, 46, of Osawatomie, Kansas was shot dead in his
home on Saturday (2/13), by officers who were enforcing a
no-knock search warrant. Officers from the Osawatomie and
Paola police departments as well as sheriff's deputies from
Miami County took part in the middle of the night raid.
The search warrant indicated crack cocaine, pipes, scales
and paraphernalia as the items sought, but a search of the
house after the shooting, including the use of a drug-
sniffing dog, turned up only "two or three" marijuana
cigarette butts.
According to the Kansas Bureau of Investigation, the
officers announced their identities upon entering and found
Mr. Heard in his bedroom with a .22 caliber rifle. Heard's
16 year-old daughter told the Topeka Capital-Journal that
the officers never identified themselves.
"When they came in, all I heard them say was 'get down!
Freeze!'" she told the Journal. "I screamed, 'Daddy!' and I
think he thought (I) was in danger. He didn't know they
were police officers, because he wouldn't hurt a police
officer."
William Delaney, spokesperson for the Kansas Bureau of
Investigation, told The Week Online that his office was just
beginning its investigation, but that video and audio tapes
of the raid were made by police, which he had not seen yet.
Delaney did confirm that none of the items specified by the
warrant were found in the home.
Dick Kurtenbach, executive director of the Missouri chapter
of the ACLU, told The Week Online that the judgment shown by
the Kansas police was questionable.
"For some reason, the police in this case felt that it was
necessary to enter the home at 1:30 in the morning, when the
family was sleeping, on a no-knock warrant. Mr. Heard, one
would have to assume, thought that his home was being
violated and grabbed his rifle to defend it, for which he
was shot to death. On top of that, it would appear that the
evidence with which the police attained the warrant was
faulty as they found none of what they were looking for. No
cocaine, no cocaine paraphernalia, just traces of smoked
marijuana."
Mr. Kurtenbach noted that drug law enforcement in the region
seems to be getting more aggressive. "Most of the
complaints that we get here have to do with state police
stops on I-70 in Kansas and Missouri and on I-44 in Southern
Missouri. Typically, the police have made an alleged
traffic stop and then seek permission to search the car.
Motorists are often threatened with arrest if they refuse to
consent to a search, which is their right. These complaints
seem to be on the upswing around here."
================
6. Medical Marijuana Opponents Mount Challenges in Oregon,
Washington
(reprinted from the NORML Weekly News, http://www.norml.org)
February 18, 1999, Portland, OR: Legislators in Oregon and
Washington are proposing legislation to restrict patients'
ability to use medical marijuana legally under initiatives
passed in November.
"This is completely unnecessary," said Oregon initiative
backer Geoff Sugerman. "This is an effort to open the door
to wholesale changes to a law the voters passed just a
couple of months ago."
Robert Killian, a Tacoma physician who spearheaded the
Washington campaign, voiced similar concern. "It's a blind-
sided attempt to basically bring the government back into
regulation of patients' and doctors' relationships," he
said.
Oregon's new law allows patients holding state permits to
possess limited quantities of medical marijuana, and
provides a legal defense for non-registered patients who use
the drug under a doctor's supervision.
The state Health Division is responsible for issuing
registration cards to patients, but has not yet done so.
Proposed legislative changes to the law drafted by Rep.
Kevin Mannix (R-Salem) would remove legal protections for
patients who possess more than one ounce of medical
marijuana or cultivate more than three mature plants at one
time. House Bill 3052 also eliminates provisions requiring
police to return medical marijuana to patients if they
seized it improperly.
Washington's law allows patients who have a doctor's
recommendation to possess up to a 60 day supply of medical
marijuana. Proposed changes to the law in S.B. 5771 would
require physicians who recommend marijuana to a patient to
notify the state each time they do so. It would also allow
law enforcement access to the records of all patients and
physicians who use or recommend medical marijuana.
"Senate Bill 5771 will make it as difficult as possible for
patients and doctors to use medical marijuana," said Dave
Fratello of Americans for Medical Rights. "This bill is all
about regulating and intimidating doctors and patients so
severely that they will not take advantage of Washington's
new state law."
================
7. Hemp Beer Served on Air Force One
President Clinton, congressional leaders and members of the
press were among those heading home from Mexico aboard Air
Force One on Monday (2/15), after a day of high-level
meetings on the issue of the drug war, when stewards on the
aircraft began taking food and drink orders. Ironically,
among the beers being offered was a new label from the
Frederick Brewery in Frederick, MD, called Hemp Golden Beer
(http://www.hempenale.com). Hemp Golden Beer, as the name
suggests, is brewed with seeds from the hemp plant, a cousin
of marijuana (with only trace amounts of the high-inducing
THC), the cultivation of which has been outlawed in the
United States for decades.
Hemp, once a staple crop in many parts of the country, has a
growing following among American farmers searching for
alternative crops in an age of falling commodities prices,
as well as environmentalists, who tout hemp's versatility
end eco-friendliness. Industrial hemp production is legal
in many parts of the world and in 1998, Canada instituted an
experimental program under which farmers are growing the
crop. Under pressure from the DEA, however, the U.S.
federal government has thus far refused to consider
legalizing its production, contending that hemp's
resemblance to its psychoactive cousin will make marijuana
eradication more difficult.
Interestingly, the Air Force, which operates Air Force One,
recently instituted a policy forbidding air force personnel
from ingesting any food or nutritional supplement containing
hemp, on concern that such substances can lead to false-
positive drug tests. The Week Online spoke with a
representative of the Air Force and was told that the White
House was responsible for all food and beverage services
aboard the presidential aircraft. When asked whether hemp
beer was included in the recent ban, Lt. Col. Worley said
that the Air Force was operating under the assumption that
it was, but that they were waiting for official word from
their attorneys.
Despite increasing calls for the legalization of industrial
hemp in America by farmers in a number of states, the Office
of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) and its director,
Barry McCaffrey, have repeatedly insisted that hemp is not a
viable crop, and that support for its legalization is little
more than a thinly-disguised attempt to legalize marijuana.
When asked about hemp beer being served on Air Force One,
Bob Weiner, spokesman for ONDCP would say only "we have
spoken with the people responsible for these things and it
will not happen again."
The White House told The Week Online that despite the Air
Force's denial, it is in fact the Air Force, and not the
White House Travel Office, that is responsible for ordering
food and beverages aboard AF1. They also noted that the
beer would not be served again aboard the craft, saying that
despite the beverage's legality in the U.S., its appearance
on the President's plane was "inappropriate".
(Read about the University of Kentucky's recent report on
the viability of industrial hemp, in the 7/2/98 issue of The
Week Online at <http://www.drcnet.org/wol/048.html#ky-hemp>.
Also read about the Vermont State Auditor's report on the
federal government's marijuana eradication program at
http://www.drcnet.org/wol/041.html#ditchweed -- the report
found that over 99% of the "marijuana" eradicated was
wild hemp.)
================
8. Oregon Schools to Pay Students for Anonymous Tips
A new program in Portland, Oregon school districts rewards
students who inform on their classmates. Campus Crime
Stoppers, a spin-off of the Crime Stoppers programs
operating around the world, provides students with a hotline
to call school police, and offers kids up to $1,000 for
anonymous tips about classmates involved with drugs,
weapons, vandalism, or other criminal activity.
Sergeant Larry Linne, the Portland school police officer in
charge of the program, told the Oregonian newspaper that
district standards will insure that students' Fourth
Amendment rights are not violated, but some students are
wary of a program they say could turn classmates into narcs
and snitches. "I don't trust the authorities," one 17-year-
old told the paper. "It depends on if someone got hurt or
not."
Crime Stoppers International is online at
<http://www.c-s-i.org>.
================
9. RALLY: Mothers in Prison, Children in Crisis, NYC, May 9
Rally on Friday, May 9, to highlight the need for in-house
drug rehabilitation as an alternative to prison for mothers
with dependent children, 9:00am, 100 Centre St., New York,
NY, aponsored by the JusticeWorks Community. For further
information, call (718) 499-6704, fax (718) 832-2832, e-mail
[EMAIL PROTECTED], or visit http://www.justiceworks.org
on the web.
================
10. Editorial: Another Isolated Incident
Adam J. Smith, DRCNet Associate Director, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Last week the New York Times carried an item about a woman
in New York City who shows up every time there is a protest
against the use of unreasonable force by police. She comes
alone and carries a sign, always the same one. Her sign
reads simply, "Another Isolated Incident." The fact that
this woman and her ironic sign have become well-known is a
testament to the truth of the point she is trying to make.
Attending each and every anti-police brutality protest in
New York City can certainly keep a person busy, but with the
aggressive prosecution of the drug war a political priority
across the country, that woman might want to consider
starting a franchise.
In the town of Osawatomie, Kansas (pop. 4,500) last week,
Willie Heard, a forty-six year-old man, was shot to death in
his bedroom at one-thirty in the morning by police who had
stormed into the home to execute a search warrant. Heard's
sixteen year-old daughter claims that the officers failed to
identify themselves other than to shout "freeze!" and "get
down!" The police, after kicking in the front door, entered
the bedroom and came upon Mr. Heard clutching his twenty-two
caliber rifle. They shot. He died.
The warrant said that the police were to search for crack
cocaine and related items. None was found. A probe is
underway by the Kansas Bureau of Investigation to determine
whether police acted improperly in killing Mr. Heard.
Whatever that investigation reveals, there should be no
question that when Americans are being killed in their homes
by agents of the government, something is inherently wrong.
The investigation of the shooting will not call into
question the impact of the issuance of no-knock warrants in
pursuit of drugs; nor will it likely question the methods
used by law enforcement agents across the country to gather
the evidence to obtain such warrants; and it will certainly
not delve into the question of why, after decades of
experience which shows it to be ineffective in reducing the
amount of drugs on our streets or our children's access to
them, we are still fighting a war against our own citizens
and endangering both police and civilians by our ever more
aggressive efforts and intrusions.
The killing of Willie Heard in his own bedroom may well have
been a first for the tiny town of Osawatomie, but it is
hardly an isolated incident. Tragedies such as this are
endemic to the drug war. They are the product of the errant
notion that if we just crack down hard enough, build enough
prisons, kick in enough doors, then certainly the drugs will
disappear. But they haven't. And they won't. And we are
left with the blood of hundreds of innocents on our
collective hands, slain by police, or caught in the
crossfire, or killed in the line of duty. They are the
casualties of our dirty little war, their families its
refugees. It is highly unlikely that the shame of these
senseless deaths will ever be acknowledged by those who
perpetuate the war. But in New York City, a solitary woman
carries a sign marking their passage. They are all just
isolated incidents. Again and again and again.
(Read Adam's May '98 editorial on a similar topic, "Bad
Raids," <http://www.drcnet.org/wol/043.html#editorial>.)
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