-Caveat Lector- from: http://www.enteract.com/~artmoris/postmod.htm <A HREF="http://www.enteract.com/~artmoris/postmod.htm">Notes on Postmodernism, New Age, and Fascism</A> --[2]-- **The UFO movement and Science Fiction religion UFO enthusiasts are mostly New Agers. The saucer is a Jungian archetype, a symbol of a god, which appears during times of stress in a society. The UFO movement "exposes the inadequacy" of the government, science, and the military. This symbol has silently undermined the credibility of our leading institutions, leaving them open to New Age attack. As for new myths, what could be more natural, in an age of scientific marvels, than Von Daniken's Ancient Astronaut theory, stories of space gods arriving in flying saucers, symbols of transcendent technology? C. G. Jung pointed out that the astrological transition from the age of Pisces (fish symbol) to Aquarius has deep symbolic significance for the unconscious mind, regardless of whether or not one believes in astrology, and in so doing he predicted something akin to the New Age movement. Since it is probable that extraterrestrial life exists somewhere else in the universe, New Agers have taken this idea and transformed it into a myth of superhuman sky gods who will save humanity from its shortcomings, even from self-destruction. This is an example of a myth which has at least a tenuous level of support from science, unlike the Christian myths and those of most other religions. D. Curran says that all of the ufo "messages" follow the J-C tradition. However, the inclusion of Christ among the "Space Brothers" suggests that he has been transformed into a pagan god. Both New Agers and Christians are into the UFO movement. The important thing to see is that the UFO is at least ostensibly science based, however tenuously. We in everyday life do not realize how deeply this myth has taken hold in our society. TV constantly bombards us with images of UFOs and UFOnauts. Even a beer commercial shows little ETs enjoying the product. The myths will be the same old ones dressed up in modern technological garb, such as Star Wars, Star Trek, coming under the general heading of "Science fiction religion" - Martin Gardner. It will force the development of new myths to facilitate the union of man and machine, a combination of the Space Brother and a computer. **Radical environmentalism and animal rights Environmentalism has become a national religion. In the New Age one finds not only the idea of conservation of the natural environment but the actual worship of Nature as a "god". New Agers say that animals, man, and vegetable have no fundamental difference. What is the Animal Rights movement if not a nihilistic exponent of postmodernism and New Age? Only this theory can explain this group's extreme militance and willingness to resort to violence against their fellow humans. The Anti-Vivisection League of the late 19th and early 20 cent, forerunner of the animal rights movement, was closely connected with the Theosophical movement led by Blavatsky and Besant. In the 1890s, theosophist Anna Kingsford, who believed she was the reincarnation of the Virgin Mary, attempted to use occult powers and witchcraft to kill scientists involved in animal research. When Animal Rights kills or maims a human in defense of animals, this is equivalent to a sacrifice to the earth goddess. Animals are considered the equals of humans, our "brothers and sisters". A non-New Age way of deriving something similar to animal rights is Albert Schweitzer's "reverence for life" theory. This, like the New Age theory, has no hierarchies of legitimacy for different forms of life, and this is where the problem begins. In principle one cannot say, for example, that a bacterial infection should be destroyed with antibiotics to save a human's life. **Postmodern academic theory. Elite Postmodern Consciousness Where are the New Age elite? They are running the universities. Who are they? Mostly former Movement radicals, precisely the group in which New Age took hold. One 60s radical said "Hinduism will destroy civilization" This could be one explanation for the Western "malaise". Logic and rationality are not the same thing. The Scholastics of the Middle Ages were mystical romantics par excellence. Yet they were experts in the subtlest forms of logic, a seeming contradiction. Logic is only a technique for connecting two or more ideas together. A classicist or rationalist pays attention to the validity of assumptions. The romantic looks at logic as magic and does not. They both can use impeccable logic. The romantic gets wrong conclusions, blames logic or "science", and shuffles off disillusioned into religion, the occult or the astrology business. When rationalists gets wrong conclusions, they go back to the beginning and closely examines premises. In our universities the Postmodern-New Age complex reaches its highest state of sophistication. Deconstruction is the academic counterpart of New Age religion. "centricism", or belief in hierarchies of all kinds, is one of the main bogeys of the intellectual wing of NA. The academic postmodern view is that reality is nothing but a social construction. Compare with NA and Mussolini quote. Before continuing, a short discussion of Nietzsche, who is probably the central philosopher of postmodernism. **Nietzsche "For Nietzsche the concept of Nihilism is the hammer by which the philosopher may lead ordinary men to end their existence". "Nietzsche is the last great metaphysician of the West, since with a grounding like Nihilism and the explosion of the Will to Power, we come now to a radical turning point in world history. We do not know what will come next, but there is nowhere to go. One cannot get more nihilistic than Nietzsche." -Martin Heidegger. Nietzsche has had 100 years to soak into the western consciousness, now his venom is taking full effect. Was Nietzsche life-affirming (Kaufmann), or does he represent the death wish of Western Civilization (Warner)? This is the core of the controversy surrounding this philosopher since the 19th century. Nietzsche was fully a man of his own time but did not realize it. He is the essence of the romantic, Dionysian urge to destruction which came to fruition in the 20th century. Nietzsche is like Janus, with his bright side and his dark side. However the consequence of taking him seriously, of accepting that God is dead, of releasing the forces of Dionysus, is mass destruction. The Church has not faced the Death of God head on. Nihilism defined: the nothingness of consciousness when consciousness becomes the foundation of everything".- H. Miller. Nihilism is the assertion that there is no rational grounds for belief in ethical and religious values or philosophical truth. (associated with Nietzsche). Nihilism is often accompanied by extreme expressions of "will to freedom" followed by extreme expressions of "will to power", because to exercise unlimited freedom requires unlimited power. Nihilism "is the process by which living things are transformed into dead things". It begins with value denial and ends in mass destruction. It is the longing for non-entity. "All belief is false." "Everything deserves to perish". Accordingly the nihilist takes action to destroy. Nietzsche knew that ordinary men could not stand the "truth" of his ideas, just as Jeremiah could not stand the sight of God face on. The devastation of the American Black ghettos is a present example of Nietzsche's grim doctrine of Nihilism in action, even if the residents have never heard his name. Gang members, and others, have lost all remnant of respect for themselves and the lives of their fellows, in a tragic confrontation between two cultures, embracing one while desiring the rewards of another. There is another side to Nietzsche's coin, the theory of the Superman, or superior man who has absolute mastery over his emotions and human nature. The ideas of Nihilism and Superman appear on the surface to contradict each other, since Superman implies a hierarchy of quality. But look at the question from a different perspective: Nihilism is not a mere idea; it is a lethal weapon, an instrument of destruction of one human by another, one class by another. One must ask, who benefits from New Class postmodernism? The sole beneficiaries are the NC itself. The New Class academic considers himself a Superman, willing the destruction of the inferior Old Class, and his instrument of destruction (by which the ordinary man is led to destroy himself) is Nihilism. "The ideal man of [Hinduism] is clearly a Superman: a yogi with absolute mastery over his own nature". In science fiction we quite often see the idea of the superman. The ordinary man must destroy himself and his fellows to make way for the superman". Connection between Nietzsche's theory of Superman and the New Age idea of the human becoming a god. Nietzsche's doctrine of eternal recurrence, taken from Eastern thought, destroys the foundation of morality because it is fatalistic. **Resume Deconstruction The purpose of a critic is to give the reader a quality estimate of a text. On the other hand, deconstruction's purpose is to break down hierarchical notions of reality. New Age and PC both attempt to destroy the western "paradigm" of transcendence, together with all of its hierarchies. PC is where the underlying relations of NA to Fascism are most clearly exposed. There is a tendency for the critics of decon to either dismiss it as a harmless toy, or to regard it as a threat to civilization. Academics would never invent a theory which threatens the very foundation of their profession, unless they were unable to see the final consequences of that theory. Deconstruction allows its practitioners to feel superior to the common sense traditional reader who believes in the "official" reading that the deconstructionists see through. The triumph of unreason in American higher education: "Publish or perish" has led to a frenzied search for "originality" especially in the humanities. The bottom of the topics barrel is being scraped with the utmost vigor. Since only so many ways of approaching the "classics" exist, academics in the humanities are faced with a dilemma: they can either come up with new and ever more outrageous theories about the classics, or discard -and disparage- the classics and move into the study of totally new fields, such as popular culture, of which there is an inexhaustible and ever-renewable supply, sacrificing quality altogether. The choice is really between originality and quality, the former becoming the default choice. The deep motivation stems from everyones' inner urge to be excellent. When this urge is thwarted by the fact of mediocrity, frustration causes the individual to deny excellence. If this cannot take effect then one denies the existence of excellence altogether. It reminds one of what Arthur C. Clarke wrote, about recycling, that "we never need run out of resources, but we can all too easily run out of brains" Decon provides no grounds on which to praise or condemn anything, so how can it resist totalitarianism? As for encouraging social action, deconstruction destroys the motivation for this by denying the value, even the existence of the human being. This has been codified into the theory of Deconstruction. Post-structuralists have attempted to eliminate the separation between physical reality and texts. Literary criticism theories are different from scientific theories. A later scientific theory is expected to be superior to the previous one in its testability and accuracy of prediction. This does not seem to be the case with theories of literary interpretation. Logocentrism is the desire for a "center". The privilege of speech over writing is a feature of logocentrism. By extension the deconstructionists denounce all such hierarchies, which consequently is denial of criteria for quality. To be fair to Derrida we must admit that he denounces the improper application of his theories. This is something like a hypothetical image of Marx denouncing totalitarian communism. Derrida's theory, though creative, is a yawning abyss of indeterminacy, which threatens it with chaos. The main thrust of the deconstructionist position is that if a text can be interpreted in any way desired, then no text can be of higher quality than any other text. Therefore all texts are of zero quality. Or, "if everybody is somebody then nobody is anybody" (radical egalitarianism). The imposition of quality standards appears to the mediocre as tyranny. Newton's work on motion and gravity, for example, is branded as "phallocentric" and a "rape manual". The radical feminist academic Sandra Harding who made this assertion actually won a foundation award, implying that these opinions are not considered bizarre in some quarters. Note that New Age science writer Fritjof Capra takes the "down with Newton" tack. PC appears political on the surface, but is deep down , a profoundly religious phenomenon. Nihilism fits with Marxism in the sense that it feeds on "ressentiment" of inferiors towards their superiors. Deconstruction is a response to the continuing failure of Marxist revolution, just as Christianity developed new doctrines adapted to the failure of Jesus to reappear over the centuries. Marxism is the only ideology with a built-in justification of the profession of "intellectual". Marx said that the intellectual elite must lead, and guide, the proletariat before and after it seizes power, serving as a sort of Medieval clergy to the worker-laymen. "Althusserian Marxism serves to confirm intellectuals in their professional status, while setting them violently and sometimes consolingly, at odds with the governing humanistic ideologies of their institutions." -Terry Eagleton. "Deconstruction's real target is western metaphysics. Deconstruction may seem atheistic, but its real target is hermeneutics itself, and western dualism, hierarchies of "domination", and in fact hierarchies of all kinds. It fits with the Hegelian - New Age idea of everything being part of the One. It is a refinement of the Nietzschean doctrine that God is dead. Deconstruction is the hermeneutic of the Death of God. Derrida equates all of western thought to metaphysics and the central idea of the Fall of man (the "fall" from pastoral "innocence" into industrialism, from oral tradition to writing, from sexual innocence to experience.) Christianity regards man as irretrievably fallen, independent of lifestyle. New Age regards the fall as remediable through raising the consciousness to become a god. With Blake we can dare to identify God with Satan, and the transcendent Lord as the ultimate source of alienation and repression. "Heidegger's nihilist project of destroying western metaphysics (divine transcendence) was an immediate precursor of Derrida's deconstruction. (Heidegger, incidentally, supported Hitler outright in 1933-34 but later disagreed with Nazism on certain issues). "There are two ways of looking at man: essentialist, relating man to the rest of the universe, and existentialist, looking at man in his predicament in time and space, and sees the conflict between what exists in time and space and what is given essentially. This is the conflict between the essential goodness of man and man's fall into the condition of existential estrangement." - Tillich. Deconstruction is "destined" to "free" us from "totalitarianism in all its forms", states Derrida. Yet, deconstructionists have so often been in the vanguard of tyranny's apologists. At first it appeared PC was just leftover Marxism, what Lenin called infantile leftism, from the 60s antiwar movement. Then came some curious phenomena, such as the deconstructionists' vehement defense of one of their founding colleagues, the late Yale prof. Paul De Man, who was recently exposed as a World War II Nazi collaborator. I concluded there must be a much more comprehensive ideology at work here than that, a Weltanschauung, one that could nourish both extreme left and extreme right stances. When "Marxists" start defending Nazis, something definitely rummy is going on, like Sherlock Holmes' dog that did nothing in the night time. Since the exposure of the late Yale professor Paul de Man as a Nazi collaborator during the war, the PC'ers have gone through paroxisms of tortured logic attempting to defend him, in the process exposing themselves as condoning the worst atrocities. Far more interesting than this is the reaction of his colleagues. "Historical events are `texts' masquerading in the guise of wars and revolutions". -de Man. De Man, according to his academic defenders, did not even write the offending essays. They were written by ideology speaking through him, reminiscent of an "entity" speaking through a New Age channeller! Knapp and Michaels argue that theory is an attempt to escape practice, a name for all the ways that people have tried to stand outside of practice and govern it from without. No one can reach a position outside of practice. The theoretical enterprise should come to an end because of its veiled politics and its "will to power" over the text. Deconstruction could of course be used to deconstruct itself. But of course that would put a lot of academics out of business, and that is unthinkable. Deconstruction is convenient for New Age because under it the Bible becomes a text like all others, to be interpreted in terms of the political ideologies of the authors. Adherents of "political correctness" (PC) closely linked with postmodern academicism, attempt to render the words 'best' and 'worst' meaningless, and so, annihilate human perception of quality, allowing their own mediocrity to flourish. PC buzzwords are Multiculturalism and Diversity, derived from the one-world philosophy of the New Age. At bottom it is a religious phenomenon, just as the manifestation of fundamentalism is the anti-abortion movement. "There is an anti-intellectual undercurrent today that is allowing misinformation to seep into multicultural education." Eugenie Scott, Skeptical Enquirer. "The Portland Baseline Essays" are popular in inner city schools: Afrocentric Egyptian myths of "transphysical science" beyond western science, Melanin superiority ideas, Egyptians were black, used psychic powers to build the pyramids, discovered evolution long before Darwin. What is the real difference between the far left and the far right? It is a religious difference. The lead-in is nihilism and secular despair in both cases. The political "spectrum" is not a line but a circle on which the Far Left and far Right meet. The left embraced "materialist" Marxism, which is essentially Christianity which has been stripped of its transcendent component. Here there is no possibility of criticism from the vertical dimension (Tillich) or from anywhere within the ideology itself. The far right goes for either a literal Christianity which has weak transcendence, or Nazi Nature religion, again rejecting the transcendent in favor of worshiping man as part of nature. The common factor is lack of transcendence leading to nihilism. Gerald Graff has shown that fascist literature consistently maintains that "all ideologies are merely fictions" as Mussolini put it. "If all rules are arbitrary, then might must make right. Nothing else can. Deconstruction is consistent with academicism. It does not threaten the academic "text-processing mill". "Deconstruction intends to subvert the academy but ends up confirming it instead".- Fischer. If PC were merely a Marxist left over from the '60s movement, it would be of little concern, as Marxism has self-destructed everywhere outside academe. However, if the more pervasive Postmodern- New Age is behind PC, the movement is a much more serious thing. It explains why PC endures while Marxist fervor has extinguished like a damp squib everywhere else. ** National Socialism and the religion of Nature. In the mid 30s a study was done of German psychology using interviews. A consistent finding was that Germans at that time felt threatened by the outside world, viewed the world apocalyptically, fearful of vague shadowy conspiracies, and ready, at least subconsciously, to take extreme measures. Omens are important in pagan, pantheist, and panentheist belief systems. Frustration produces the apocalyptic view and the urge to mass destruction. The central idea of the occult is one of total liberation from all human restraints, from loneliness, and ultimately matter itself. Cultural hysteria is characterized as: attention seeking behavior, display of variable emotions, behavioral provocations with self-recognition of intent, suggestibility, "idee fixe", fantasizing for solutions, a deep sense of moral injustice. C. G. Jung wrote that the Germans were possessed by, or chose to be possessed by, the spirit of Wotan, the one eyed hunter-god of violence, rage and chaos. He meant of course that the subconscious operates in terms of Myth rather than rational thought; myth being a way of expressing the consciously unexpressible. Jung's idea of the collective or racial unconscious. The utility of this approach is illustrated by the fact that Jung, in his 1936 essay "Wotan", not only analyzed the Nazi mind; he predicted the future catastrophe. Jung pointed out in 1933 that the Nazis were returning to the worship of Wotan under another name. "Jung was a proto-New Ager. His theory of the collective unconscious and archetypal images is a public, more scientifically acceptable version of his private occult beliefs about gods and demons of the astral plane. "There is an inner subconscious world view and outer conscious world view. If these are out of harmony with each other, watch for sudden shifts in the inner when the outer becomes strong enough. In ordinary circumstances they are in harmony. In unsettled times such as our own, the new "paradigm" saturates the conscious mind, then diffuses into the subconscious. The subconscious is much less tolerant of confusion, will suddenly make the switch, then return and overwhelm the conscious mind. If myth is intentionally invented it must be "approved" by the collective unconscious. Hitler said that to understand National Socialism one must know the Germanic mythological operas of Wagner. A revealing quote from Hitler: "We are now at the end of the Age of Reason. The Intellect has...become a disease of life. A new age of magical interpretation of the world is coming in terms of will and not intelligence...there are ascending grades on the way to the achievement of higher levels of consciousness...there is no such thing as truth, either in the moral or the scientific sense..." - Rauschning "...Hitler attained higher levels of consciousness by means of drugs, and made a penetrating study of medieval occultism and ritual magic." Ravenscroft, T. The Nazi religion of Nature is an example of the outbreak of the savage primitive archetype from the unconscious into the consciousness. Robert Waite emphasized Romanticism as constituting a major background for National Socialism. Alfred Rosenberg said that "National Socialism is an attitude". Nazism never claimed to be a rational system of thought. The Nazi racial theories were only a small segment of the vast deluge of pseudoscience that engulfed Germany between the wars. The Nazis, with their antirational attitude, prized illiteracy, as being more in keeping with the proper attitude of a barbarian. Many occult groups share an obsession with Aryanism. A large body of opinion within Hinduism is exemplified by Swami Svatantrananda: "Whatever you may say against him, Hitler was a Mahatma, almost like an avatar...he was the visual incarnation of Aryan polity". "There is no room for the unfit in the enlightened world". -Maharishi Yogi "The Nordic Neo-Paganism of men like Heinrich Himmler was a harbinger of National Socialism's ultimate goal: the destruction of western civilization's fundamental values. Himmler attempted to revive pagan gods and rituals of Germany's pre-Christian past. In the Bhagavad Gita, one of the texts studied by Alfred Rosenberg while formulating his Nazi mythology, karma demands that one carry out one's duty in a detached way and to disregard the consequences. This detachment or disengagement is taken as equivalent to self-sacrifice. "Christianity split the Germanic barbarian into an upper and a lower half, and enabled him, by repressing the dark side, to domesticate the brighter half and fit it for civilization. But the lower darker half still awaits redemption and a second spell of domestication. Until then it will remain associated with the vestiges of the prehistoric age, with the collective unconscious, which is subject to a peculiar and ever-increasing activation. As the Christian view of the world loses its authority, the more menacing will the "blond beast" be heard prowling about in its underground prison, ready at any moment to burst out with devastating consequences." -C. G. Jung, 1918 Giant rock concerts of the 1960s such as Woodstock have been compared to the Nazi Nuremberg rallies. Totalitarianism means losing oneself in the mass, and blending ones' soul into that of the masses; reminiscent of being united with the One. "The Nazis were convinced that they had succeeded in fusing the realms of nature and spirit, that the product of this fusion would be the natural Aryan man, and that the process of reinforming a decadent bourgeois world with a new nature-mythos required the elimination (sacrifice) of those whose existence was an insult to the laws of life." The swastika was a symbol of the Sun and of life. "Agrarian reaction and pastoral nostalgia play an important role in modern ideology". Neo-paganism celebrates life. Before the entrance to Auschwitz, in full view of the victims as they were unloaded from the cattle cars, was a large, luxuriant tree, symbol of life and nature. Nazis were one-worlders in the sense that they believed in world dictatorship with Germany at the head. Human sacrifice was widespread in pagan religions. The recently unearthed peat bog men of ancient Britain, probably undesirables of their tribe, were sacrificed to the Earth Goddess, according to the Roman historian Tacitus. The impulse to sacrifice to appease the gods is a powerful and universal human tendency. It was of course transformed into the somewhat less lethal Catholic mass but breaks out to this day in times of stress, in witch hunts, pogroms, and Holocausts. Nationalism at the Nazi level is a form of pagan idolatry. The defeat of Hitler, seen in perspective, was merely a temporary setback for Neo-Paganism's postmodern program. For Hindus, God is both good and evil, for he is the All. For the followers of the Hindu goddess Kali (Thuggee), murdering passersby was a form of worship. New Age emphasizes a blending into the One, which suggests the individual blending into the masses, the essence of totalitarianism. The Nazis blended into a mass for the purpose of destruction. So far New Age has no single leader. It is the early stage of what could eventually be a fascist revival. Some writers have made the identification of New Age as renascent Nazism. While admitting that it is oversimplified, we can still assert the caveat that New Age cultivates an antirational climate in which movements like Nazism can more easily thrive. The innermost metaphysical position of the New Age, the worship of an immanent, divine Nature, is similar to the Nazi position. In other words, Nazism was a manifestation of Neopaganism in a particular historical context. Nazism was the culmination of 19th century Romanticism; a proto-New Age movement, a modern millenarian revolution. Most New Agers are, of course, blissfully unaware of these ideas. Awakening these kinds of myths in the subconscious could, when combined with a political and economic crisis, induce something like Nazism to arise. Education is not a defense; Germany was the best-read country in the world in the 1930s. "The only religious forces resisting Hitler were Judeo-Christian. Hitler was not strong enough to directly confront Christianity. The Eastern religions did not resist Hitler, because they admired his mediumistic powers. Islam did not resist, because it admires temporal power. Concerning the Nazi idea of blood as the all-important carrier of Aryan superiority: "Primitive men generally look upon blood as being life itself. They see blood flow and the body die, and therefore assume that life flows out of the body in a literal sense. Closely allied to this is the belief that the soul or spirit of the being is in his blood, and that when the blood escapes the soul does too." -Dictionary of Folklore, Mythology and Legend, Funk & Wagnall Himmler saw Auschwitz as a place of sacrifice. The SS men saw themselves as giving up their innocence, their peace of mind so that future generations of Germans would benefit. To them, the atrocities were considered more of an ordeal for the torturers than for their victims. The SS was motivated by the idea of sacrifice in a fanatical utopian cause which suspended normal judgment, and conveniently found sadists among their members to do the actual work of execution, while averting their own gaze. There was a feeling that the last days were at hand, that the subhuman Jew, Satan in disguise, had to be prevented, by all means, from taking over the world", explaining why the Nazis gave higher priority to killing the Jews than to their own war effort. ** Conclusion. "What rough beast slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?" - W. B. Yeats All of the foregoing movements are aspects of the same phenomenon: the shift from transcendence to immanence, from rationality to magic. One conclusion is that New Age religion and the Postmodernism are intimately related. If the divine is present in the individual soul it must be found in the institutions as well. For people will not readily achieve salvation without a saving society. Two facts of modernity: the relentless crushing of traditional beliefs about the special place of humans in the universe, combined with the ever worsening environmental catastrophe and imploding ecosystem, will ensure the New Age's waxing power. The process of decay and replacement of the JC tradition is far advanced. What is required in a new religion? It is likely that the new age religion will gradually blend with the old religions in some ways, while introducing monism in place of dualism. Historically this happened over centuries, but today we have instant communications. A myth of the future must involve man being absorbed by a superior being (AI). Perhaps we must create a new mythology ab initio, or from old fragments. Or can we adapt the old myths to a new ethical priciple such as Quality maximization. What allows some religions to catch on and become "establishment", while others die quickly? Successful ones are able to work out their internal inconsistencies in the framework of the needs of the society of their time, and serve the needs of their society. A myth must be capable of being taken seriously by a large segment of the society if they are to succeed. "The [Roman] Colosseum was the center of an effective Empire-wide system of anaesthesia. Over the generations it corrupted, then drained away those impulses making for change, unrest, and ambition in society. It substituted ritualized mass fantasy for the realities of politics and religion, self aggrandizement and war". Eventually the Empire became more concerned with watching the arena than with repelling the barbarians. Even many early Christians, warned by their fellows to avoid the Games, attended and became quickly addicted to the sight of blood. The games did not end until half a century after the Empire became officially Christian. As eco-catastrophe overtakes the planet, and technology increasingly provokes human insecurity, pressure to sacrifice to the earth goddess will increase sharply, possibly leading to massacre on a grand scale. "What begins in mysticism ends in politics" - a French poet. The 21st century may begin with another round of political, but at bottom religious wars, culminating in horrors even beyond our present comprehension; Western Civilization and those who adhere to it must be sacrificed to the Earth Goddess, as were the bog men of Wales. The New Age movement does have a legitimate complaint; that the old religions do not meet today's needs. On the other hand, a society that gives up the privilege of critical thinking is prime fodder for the next totalitarian cult that comes along. "As long as people believe in absurdities, they will continue to commit atrocities" -Voltaire. BIBLIOGRAPHY and some additional references: Adler, M., Drawing Down the Moon Aron, R., Treason of the Intellectuals Bloom, H. The American Religion Bloom, The Closing of the American Mind Campbell, J.,Creative Mythology Bourke, V., History of Ethics, Doubleday, 1968. Capra, F., The Tao of Physics, Random House, 1977. Clouser, R., The Myth of Religious Neutrality Curren, D., In Advance of the Landing Deloria, God is Red Drury, N., The Occult Experience Ellwood, Religions and Spiritual Groups in Modern America Ferguson, M., The Aquarian Conspiracy, Tarcher, 1980. Fischer, M., Does Deconstruction make any difference? Gibbon, E., The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Grossinger, R.,Waiting for the Martian Express Marty, Greenspahn, Pushing the Faith Groothuis, D., Unmasking the New Age Hexham, Understanding Cults and New Religions Hodges, D., Sandino's Communism Hunt, McMahon, America: The Sorcerer's New Apprentice Jung, C. G., Wotan (1936 essay) in Collected Works. Jung, C, G., Flying Saucers: Modern Myth of Things Seen in the Sky1957 Kerr , Crow, The Occult in America Levin, The Opening of Vision Logan, K.,Paganism and the Occult Macoby, H., The Sacred Executioner, Thames & Hudson, 1982. Mandelbaum, M., Phenomenology of Moral Experience, Free Press, 1955. Manes, C., Green Rage, Little, Brown, 1990. Markus, Christianity in the Roman Empire Melton, J. G.., et al , New Age Encyclopedia Miller, E.A Crash Course in the New Age Movement Moody, R., Elvis after Life Paulson, J. N., Cult of Personality,http://firstdial.com/~dimension/ Paulson, J. N., Fascist Tendencies in Our Society ,http://firstdial.com/~dimension/ Pearson, J., Arena: The Story of the Colosseum Pirsig, R., Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, Bantam, 1974. Pirsig, R., Lila, Bantam, 1990. Pois, R. A., National Socialism and the Religion of Nature Prigogine, I., Order Out of Chaos, Bantam 1984. Rauschning, H., The Voice of Destruction (quoted in Sklar) Rauschning, H., The Revolution of Nihilism Ravenscroft, T., The Spear of Destiny Rhodes, J. M., The Hitler Movement: A Modern Millenarian Revolution Selden, R., Contemporary Literary Theory Shiel, Greek Thought and the Rise of Christianity "Skeptical Enquirer" Summer 1989. Sklar, D., Gods And Beasts: The Nazis and the Occult, Thomas Crowell, 1977. Steiner, Martin Heidegger Sykes, C., The Hollow Men Tillich, P., A History of Christian Thought Simon & Schuster, 1968. Tillich, P., The Future of Religions Tillich, P., The Essential Tillich, MacMillan, 1987. Warner, S. J., The Urge to Mass Destruction Grune & Stratton, 1957. Webb, The Flight from Reason revised Dec 22, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ HOME The New Class: An American Nomenklatura Ethics and Rationalized Quality Postmodernism and the New Age Ultimate Computer Chess Rating ------------------------------------------------------------------------ For more information: G.A. Morrison eMail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ © Copyright 1997 -- G.A. Morrison All Rights Reserved. Developed, Designed and Maintained by Glenn A. Morrison ----- Aloha, He'Ping, Om, Shalom, Salaam. 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