-Caveat Lector-

 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2585553.stm
You Can't Tell Race by How You Look
20-Dec-2002

A new study shows that physical characteristics such as skin or hair color
don't necessarily reveal a person's race. People who appear white may
genetically be mainly African, while people who look black may genetically
be European or Amerindian.

"There is wide agreement among anthropologists and human geneticists that,
from a biological standpoint, human races do not exist," says researcher
Sergio Pena. "Yet races do exist as social constructs."

Much of the research was done in Brazil, where the population comes from
three separate ethnic groups: the original Amerindians, Europeans, and
Africans. These groups have inter-married and inter-bred, yet some
Brazilians are regarded as white, others as black.

The researchers compared 173 Brazilians who appear white, black, or
in-between, based on skin color, hair color, and nose and lip shape with
200 men living in major metropolitan areas who seem to be white. The
results showed that even the "white" people had about 33% of genes that
were of Amerindian ancestry and 28% African, probably because European men
often fathered children with black and Indian women.

"It is interesting to note that the group of individuals classified as
blacks had a very high proportion of non-African ancestry (48%)," the
researchers report. "Our study makes clear the hazards of equating color or
race with geographical ancestry and using interchangeably terms such as
white, Caucasian and European on one hand, and black, Negro or African on
the other, as is often done in scientific and medical literature."

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