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-Caveat Lector-

http://www.alternet.org/story.html?StoryID=17456
SCHEER: Secrets, Lies and Media Privilege
By Robert Scheer, AlterNet
December 23, 2003

Should government agents, operating on their own authority and in violation
of privacy law, be allowed to smear Americans by leaking false information
to the media? Are journalists who print those lies protected by the 1st
Amendment from revealing their sources, thereby preventing those falsely
accused from obtaining justice through lawsuits?

Those issues were raised by a federal judge's recent ruling that demanded
the names of the sources used by reporters who in 1999 printed false claims
that scientist Wen Ho Lee had passed on nuclear secrets to China.

Lee was held in solitary confinement for nine months before the government's
case collapsed and 58 of the 59 charges against him were dropped. The
conservative Reagan-appointed judge in the case said in freeing Lee, "I
sincerely apologize to you, Dr. Lee, for the unfair manner in which you were
held in custody by the executive branch."

To sue for violation of his rights under the federal Privacy Act, Lee must
identify the government agencies that leaked the defamatory information.
Last week, New York Times reporters Jeff Gerth and James Risen, who did the
most to hype claims of Lee spying for China, for which the paper later
apologized, defied the judge's order to reveal their sources. (Three other
reporters - including one from the Los Angeles Times - are also under
subpoena.)

A spokesperson for the New York Times defended its reporters' actions,
saying they "chose to take advantage of their 1st Amendment privilege on
identifying sources." What about the constitutionally protected rights of
Lee, whose reputation, livelihood and freedom were destroyed by the
irresponsible reporting of the Times? That is often the dire consequence of
leaked government smears and is a serious concern in the defamation of
individuals accused after 9/11 of having links to terrorism under the USA
Patriot Act. Yet the knee-jerk reaction of the media is to claim a 1st
Amendment protection, even if it results in defaming individuals on the
basis of secret sources.

That claim of unfettered privilege was rejected by the U.S. Supreme Court
the last time it visited this issue; it ruled in 1972 that reporters were
required to reveal sources if the information went "to the heart" of a case
and could not otherwise be obtained. That's exactly the situation faced by
Lee.

In an attempt to limit his request for information to what is essential to
proceed with the privacy case, Lee's attorney, Brian Sun, told the judge he
would settle for knowing the names of the government agencies rather than
the individuals who leaked Lee's polygraph report, classified conversations
with his superiors and other information. Indeed, Lee's polygraphs, taken
voluntarily and stamped with a notation that it was covered by the Privacy
Act, tended to exonerate him but were distorted in the leaks to the media.

Journalists make the argument that it is sometimes necessary to protect
whistle-blowers from reprisals for exposing the truth. However, that
argument is undermined by the increasingly common practice of government
sources using reporters to spread falsehoods or discredit foes, knowing
reporters will hide their identity.

A recent example involves members of the Bush administration who allegedly
leaked to reporters a CIA agent's identity, a felony, to discredit her
husband, former Ambassador Joseph C. Wilson IV, a Bush critic. A criminal
investigation into the matter has been stymied as reporters invoke their
right to not reveal their sources.

Clearly, a truly free press would have a higher stake in exposing the
government's manipulation of reporters - and the truth - than in trafficking
in innuendo and unsubstantiated rumor.

In the Lee case, it is difficult to claim that a reporter's access to secret
sources was vital to the functioning of a free press when it is clear that
the reporters were being used to spread falsehoods. An example is the New
York Times' front-page story about Chinese spying headlined "China Stole
Secrets for Bombs, U.S. Aides Say." Those "aides" were never named, and the
government's subsequent indictment of Lee, after months of pressure from
such stories in the Times and other media, did not even claim that Lee had
been spying for China.

In the end, in a plea bargain forced by prosecutors threatening Lee with
life in prison, the scientist admitted to one count of mishandling
government data. The data had not even been classified as secret when Lee
mishandled it. But no matter, his reputation and career had been destroyed,
leaving U.S. District Judge James Parker to conclude that the government's
treatment of Lee "embarrassed our entire nation and each of us who is a
citizen of it."

Lee is now exercising a sacred legal right - that of the accused to confront
his accuser. Free-press advocates should be more interested in exposing how
the government manipulated the media to malign a loyal citizen than in
defending the right of reporters to protect anonymous sources.

Robert Scheer writes a weekly column for The Times
and is co-author of "The Five Biggest Lies Bush Told Us About Iraq"
(Seven Stories Press/Akashic Books, 2003).


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DECLARATION & DISCLAIMER
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CTRL is a discussion & informational exchange list. Proselytizing propagandic
screeds are unwelcomed. Substance—not soap-boxing—please!   These are
sordid matters and 'conspiracy theory'—with its many half-truths, mis-
directions and outright frauds—is used politically by different groups with
major and minor effects spread throughout the spectrum of time and thought.
That being said, CTRLgives no endorsement to the validity of posts, and
always suggests to readers; be wary of what you read. CTRL gives no
credence to Holocaust denial and nazi's need not apply.

Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector.
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